セイカツ ノ QOL オ タカメル コト オ メザシタ ウォーキング ランニング ノ アリカタ ニ カンスル ソウゴウテキ ケンキュウ

A walking and/or running for raising quality of life (QOL) was studied from the face of exercise physiology，exercise biochemistry，sport sociology. Three experiments and a survey were carried out to achieve the purpose. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The running program in the long time was effective in the decrease of body fat percentage， the decrease of body weight as overweight person， and also in the increase of muscular endurance. 2) Appropriate BMI and muscular endurance are important for the marathon race. 3) Accelerometer steps per day did not significantly for correlate to body composition， health-related parameters in blood or serum adipocytokine levels. 4) Each subject ofthe walk exercise must be examined from the coordination ability. 5) A exercise class rises the Self-efficacy(SE)，and the individual group activity is effective to maintain the SE

Fine-mapping of qRL6.1, a major QTL for root length of rice seedlings grown under a wide range of NH4+ concentrations in hydroponic conditions

Root system development is an important target for improving yield in cereal crops. Active root systems that can take up nutrients more efficiently are essential for enhancing grain yield. In this study, we attempted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in root system development by measuring root length of rice seedlings grown in hydroponic culture. Reliable growth conditions for estimating the root length were first established to renew nutrient solutions daily and supply NH4+ as a single nitrogen source. Thirty-eight chromosome segment substitution lines derived from a cross between ‘Koshihikari’, a japonica variety, and ‘Kasalath’, an indica variety, were used to detect QTL for seminal root length of seedlings grown in 5 or 500 μM NH4+. Eight chromosomal regions were found to be involved in root elongation. Among them, the most effective QTL was detected on a ‘Kasalath’ segment of SL-218, which was localized to the long-arm of chromosome 6. The ‘Kasalath’ allele at this QTL, qRL6.1, greatly promoted root elongation under all NH4+ concentrations tested. The genetic effect of this QTL was confirmed by analysis of the near-isogenic line (NIL) qRL6.1. The seminal root length of the NIL was 13.5–21.1% longer than that of ‘Koshihikari’ under different NH4+ concentrations. Toward our goal of applying qRL6.1 in a molecular breeding program to enhance rice yield, a candidate genomic region of qRL6.1 was delimited within a 337 kb region in the ‘Nipponbare’ genome by means of progeny testing of F2 plants/F3 lines derived from a cross between SL-218 and ‘Koshihikari’

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

A near-isogenic line for spikelet number in rice with a genetic background of IR64 under various fertilizer conditions

ABSTRACTThe total spikelet number (TSN) per panicle is an essential factor involved in grain yield among yield components in rice. IR64-NIL12 carrying qTSN12.2-YP4, which was detected on chromosome 12 for TSN per panicle, has been developed in a previous study. It is important to characterize the environment of gene function to increase yields. Thus, we attempted to evaluate IR64-NIL12 grown under no, low, and high fertilizer conditions in 2019 and 2020. Grain yields of IR64-NIL12 were significantly higher than that of IR64 in all conditions. The average grain yield of each condition for IR64 and IR64-NIL12 ranged from 387 to 616 g m−2. Therefore, qTSN12.2-YP4 would have an increasing effect on grain yield within this range. The ratio of fertility improved in IR64-NIL12. This rice line exhibited modified traits, such as tiller number and plant height (during the vegetative stage), as well as panicle number (at maturity), which may confer an advantage in terms of light-intercepting characteristics. We also focused on the number of unproductive tillers and dry weight per tiller at the heading stage to investigate the mechanism of the increasing effect of qTSN12.2-YP4 on TSN per panicle. There is a significant difference in dry weight per tiller at heading between IR64 and IR64-NIL12, but not in the percentage of unproductive tillers. Therefore, this result indicated that qTSN12.2-YP4 contributes to increasing dry weight per tiller until the heading stage and, consequently, TSN per panicle

A case of mucinous carcinoma of Vater’s ampulla with a unique extension along the main pancreatic duct

The original publication is available at springerlink.com authorWe report a case of mucinous carcinoma of Vater's ampulla with a unique extension along only the main pancreatic duct (MPD) and microinvasion to the pancreas. A 52-year-old man was referred to our hospital for the evaluation and treatment of acute pancreatitis. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) demonstrated swelling in the head of the pancreas with a mass in the duodenum. Hypotonic duodenography and endoscopic examination revealed a well-defined mass, measuring about 25 mm in size, in Vater's ampulla. A biopsy specimen of the tumor showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. A pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with a regional lymphadenectomy was performed, under a preoperative diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of Vater's ampulla with direct invasion into the head of the pancreas. The resected specimen of the duodenum confirmed the presence of the mass, which measured 22 × 15 mm in size, in Vater's ampulla. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of two components: moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in the peripheral region of the tumor Vater's papilla and mucinous carcinoma in the central region of the tumor. The mucinous carcinoma component uniquely extended along only the MPD with microinvasion to the pancreas. Immunohistochemically, both the moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma and the mucinous carcinoma were positive for cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and negative for cytokeratin 7 (CK7) which is the pattern of intestinal-type carcinoma of Vater's ampulla. We concluded that the original site of this tumor may have been the duodenal epithelium of Vater's ampulla originally moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma―which subsequently changed to mucinous carcinoma that extended along only the MPD with microinvasion to the pancreas