Enhancements to KAPPA, an object oriented expert system shell

Computer Scienc

The materials of reparation

In Object Lessons (2012), Robyn Wiegman considers how the political imaginary of the feminist alternative functions. She explores our attachments to feminism’s objects, quite brilliantly showing how we – as feminists – invest in theory and critique’s ability to transform the world. I am not entirely sure how she manages it, but Wiegman combines uncomfortable insights about, for example, our desires for the concept and practice of ‘intersectionality’ to deliver us from the burden of ongoing racism and injustice, with a generosity that invites the reader in and keeps her reading..

The Scc2/Scc4 cohesin loader determines the distribution of cohesin on budding yeast chromosomes

Cohesins mediate sister chromatid cohesion and DNA repair and also function in gene regulation. Chromosomal cohesins are distributed nonrandomly, and their deposition requires the heterodimeric Scc2/Scc4 loader. Whether Scc2/Scc4 establishes nonrandom cohesin distributions on chromosomes is poorly characterized, however. To better understand the spatial regulation of cohesin association, we mapped budding yeast Scc2 and Scc4 chromosomal distributions. We find that Scc2/Scc4 resides at previously mapped cohesin-associated regions (CARs) in pericentromeric and arm regions, and that Scc2/Scc4–cohesin colocalization persists after the initial deposition of cohesins in G1/S phase. Pericentromeric Scc2/Scc4 enrichment is kinetochore-dependent, and both Scc2/Scc4 and cohesin associations are coordinately reduced in these regions following chromosome biorientation. Thus, these characteristics of Scc2/Scc4 binding closely recapitulate those of cohesin. Although present in G1, Scc2/Scc4 initially has a poor affinity for CARs, but its affinity increases as cells traverse the cell cycle. Scc2/Scc4 association with CARs is independent of cohesin, however. Taken together, these observations are inconsistent with a previous suggestion that cohesins are relocated by translocating RNA polymerases from separate loading sites to intergenic regions between convergently transcribed genes. Rather, our findings suggest that budding yeast cohesins are targeted to CARs largely by Scc2/Scc4 loader association at these locations