Vacuum structure and effective potential at finite temperature: a variational approach

We compute the effective potential for $\phi^4$ theory with a squeezed coherent state type of construct for the ground state. The method essentially consists in optimising the basis at zero and finite temperatures. The gap equation becomes identical to resumming the infinite series of daisy and super daisy graphs while the effective potential includes multiloop effects and agrees with that obtained through composite operator formalism at finite temperature.Comment: 15 pages, Revtex, No figures, to appear in Jou. of Phys.G(Nucl. and Part. Phys.

Electronic circuit implementation of chaos synchronization

In this paper, an electronic circuit implementation of a robustly chaotic two-dimensional map is presented. Two such electronic circuits are realized. One of the circuits is configured as the driver and the other circuit is configured as the driven system. Synchronization of chaos between the driver and the driven system is demonstrated

Nanomaterial integration in micro LED technology: Enhancing efficiency and applications

The micro-light emitting diode (µLED) technology is poised to revolutionise display applications through the introduction of nanomaterials and Group III-nitride nanostructures. This review charts state-of-the-art in this important area of micro-LEDs by highlighting their key roles, progress and concerns. The review encompasses details from various types of nanomaterials to the complexity of gallium nitride (GaN) and III nitride nanostructures. The necessity to integrate nanomaterials with III-nitride structures to create effective displays that could disrupt industries was emphasised in this review. Commercialisation challenges and the economic enhancement of micro-LED integration into display applications using monolithic integrated devices have also been discussed. Furthermore, different approaches in micro-LED development are discussed from top-down and bottom-up approaches. The last part of the review focuses on nanomaterials employed in the production of micro-LED displays. It also highlights the combination of III-V LEDs with silicon LCDs and perovskite-based micro-LED displays. There is evidence that efficiency and performance have improved significantly since the inception of the use of nanomaterials in manufacturing these

Ion-Acoustic Solitons in Bi-Ion Dusty Plasma

The propagation of ion-acoustic solitons in a warm dusty plasma containing two ion species is investigated theoretically. Using an approach based on the Korteveg-de-Vries equation, it is shown that the critical value of the negative ion density that separates the domains of existence of compressi- on and rarefaction solitons depends continuously on the dust density. A modified Korteveg-de Vries equation for the critical density is derived in the higher order of the expansion in the small parameter. It is found that the nonlinear coefficient of this equation is positive for any values of the dust density and the masses of positive and negative ions. For the case where the negative ion density is close to its critical value, a soliton solution is found that takes into account both the quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. The propagation of a solitary wave of arbitrary amplitude is investigated by the quasi-potential method. It is shown that the range of the dust densities around the critical value within which solitary waves with positive and negative potentials can exist simultaneously is relatively wide.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure