An Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Tuberculosis in the Context of RNTCP Among Non Allopathic Practitioners in Gwalior District

Introduction: India has the highest TB burden accounting for one-fifth of the global incidence with an estimated 1.98 million cases. Non- allopathic practitioners are the major service providers especially in rural and peri-urban areas, treating not just patients of diarrhea, respiratory infections and abdominal Pain but also of tuberculosis. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of sign and symptoms of TB and its management as per the RNTCP guidelines and to assess the practicing pattern regarding tuberculosis. Material & Methods: The present was carried out among the registered non allopathic practitioners providing their services in Gwalior District during the study period. A total of 150 non allopathic practitioners of various methods from both government and private sectors were interviewed using a pre-designed, pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. The information was collected on the General profile of the participant, knowledge about signs and symptoms of TB and its management, practices commonly adopted in the management and their views on involvement of non allopathic practitioners in RNTCP programme. Result: The average score of government practitioners was 7.3 compared to 4.6 by private practitioners. There was a statistically significant difference between the two group on issue related to the management of TB patients as per the RNTCP guidelines. Government practitioners relied mostly on sputum examination for diagnosis and follow up compared to private practitioners who chose other modalities like X-ray, blood examination for this work. Conclusion: There is a gap in knowledge and practices of practitioners of both the sectors. Some serious efforts were required to upgrade the knowledge of non allopathic practitioners if the government is serious about controlling tuberculosis in India

Spin-Charge Decoupling and Orthofermi Quantum Statistics

Currently Gutzwiller projection technique and nested Bethe ansatz are two main methods used to handle electronic systems in the $U$ infinity limit. We demonstrate that these two approaches describe two distinct physical systems. In the nested Bethe ansatz solutions, there is a decoupling between the spin and charge degrees of freedom. Such a decoupling is absent in the Gutzwiller projection technique. Whereas in the Gutzwiller approach, the usual antisymmetry of space and spin coordinates is maintained, we show that the Bethe ansatz wave function is compatible with a new form of quantum statistics, viz., orthofermi statistics. In this statistics, the wave function is antisymmetric in spatial coordinates alone. This feature ultimately leads to spin-charge decoupling.Comment: 12 pages, LaTex Journal_ref: A slightly abridged version of this paper has appeared as a brief report in Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 63, 132405 (2001

Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Pion Wave Function

We consider here chiral symmetry breaking through nontrivial vacuum structure with quark antiquark condensates. We then relate the condensate function to the wave function of pion as a Goldstone mode. This simultaneously yields the pion also as a quark antiquark bound state as a localised zero mode in vacuum. We illustrate the above with Nambu Jona-Lasinio model to calculate different pionic properties in terms of the vacuum structure for breaking of exact or approximate chiral symmetry, as well as the condensate fluctuations giving rise to $\sigma$ mesons.Comment: latex, revtex, 16 page

Evaluation of alloxan on induction of diabetes in albino rats

Background: Alloxan-induced diabetes model is used as a “study tool” to elucidate the pathophysiology of the disease and much more as a “search engine” for antidiabetic compounds with better therapeutic characteristics. It was the first agent used in the category of chemically induced diabetes to create a model of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Other chemicals being streptozocin, dexamethasone, insulin antibodies-induced diabetes.Methods: Albino rats were divided into four groups with ten rats in each group. Alloxan monohydrate 2%, solution which was dissolved in 0.9% of sodium chloride (normal saline) as a diluent and given intraperitoneally to rats and blood glucose estimation made by using glucometer. Total 40 albino rats were taken and divided into 4 groups. 10 rats receiving normal saline were grouped as Group A, 10 rats received alloxan at a dose of 150 mg/kg as Group B, 10 rats received alloxan at a dose of 160 mg/kg as Group C and 10 rats received alloxan at a dose of 170 mg/kg as Group D.Results: Highest rate of mortality and alopecia were noted in group D receiving alloxan at a dose of 170 mg/kg whereas highest percentage of fluctuation in fasting blood glucose range was seen in group C receiving alloxan at a dose of 160 mg/kg.Conclusions: Such unpredictable response shows that alloxan is not ideal drug for induction of diabetes in experimental animal. Mortality, fasting blood glucose returning to non-diabetic range and alopecia are the chief drawbacks

Social media data analytics to improve supply chain management in food industries

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd This paper proposes a big-data analytics-based approach that considers social media (Twitter) data for the identification of supply chain management issues in food industries. In particular, the proposed approach includes text analysis using a support vector machine (SVM) and hierarchical clustering with multiscale bootstrap resampling. The result of this approach included a cluster of words which could inform supply-chain (SC) decision makers about customer feedback and issues in the flow/quality of food products. A case study in the beef supply chain was analysed using the proposed approach, where three weeks of data from Twitter were used

A microfluidic device for the study of the orientational dynamics of microrods

We describe a microfluidic device for studying the orientational dynamics of microrods. The device enables us to experimentally investigate the tumbling of microrods immersed in the shear flow in a microfluidic channel with a depth of 400 mu and a width of 2.5 mm. The orientational dynamics was recorded using a 20 X microscopic objective and a CCD camera. The microrods were produced by shearing microdroplets of photocurable epoxy resin. We show different examples of empirically observed tumbling. On the one hand we find that short stretches of the experimentally determined time series are well described by fits to solutions of Jeffery's approximate equation of motion [Jeffery, Proc. R. Soc. London. 102 (1922), 161-179]. On the other hand we find that the empirically observed trajectories drift between different solutions of Jeffery's equation. We discuss possible causes of this orbit drift.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure

Local magnetism of isolated Mo atoms at substitutional and interstitial sites in Yb metal : Experiment and Theory

Using TDPAD experiment and local spin density calculations, we have observed large 4d moments on isolated Mo atoms at substitutional and octahedral interstitial lattice sites in Yb metal, showing Curie-Weiss local susceptibility and Korringa like spin relaxation rate. As a surprising feature, despite strong hybridization with the Yb neighbours, interstitial Mo atoms show high moment stability with small Kondo temperature. While, magnetism of Mo, at substitutional site is consistent with Kondo type antiferromagnetic d-sp exchange interaction, we suggest that moment stability at the interstitial site is strongly influenced by ferromagnetic polarization of Yb-4f5d band electrons.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure