Research of the problems of BIM technologies implementation in the investment-and-construction projects of the Russian companies

The construction industry as a significant part of national economy, develops in the direction of accomplishment of the purposes and matters of the state development, connected with improving of the Russian economy competitiveness (first of all, due to the increase in its efficiency) as well in the direction of the digital transformation. The solution of the digital transformation issues in the industry as well as the increase in the efficiency of investment-and-construction projects implementation is in the plane of implementation and distribution of the technologies of information modeling (BIM). In spite of the fact, that orientation for BIM at the national level was chosen in 2014, the industry still shows the signs of unavailability to mass transition to BIM; that is connected with some problems and obstacles. The authors of this article conducted the research in the form of poll, directed to identification of such factors and their importance. 180 respondents (representatives of the enterprises and organizations, authorities, professional associations, whose activity is connected with the implementation of investment-and-construction projects, became the participants of the research. During the processing of the research results the hypothesis was made, that the type of activity of the organization has an impact on its assessment of the importance of the factors, interfering BIM implementation. The purpose of the analysis, which results are provided in this article, was the verification of this hypothesis. The conclusion is drawn on the basis of the received results, that the type of the organization activity has an impact on its assessment of the importance of factors (problems), interfering BIM implementation. Thus, the hypothesis of the research was confirmed. At the same time, it was revealed, that the respondents from the Universities group highly appreciate the problems and obstacles of BIM implementation most of all, in comparison with other participants. The respondents from the Investors group, on the contrary, are inclined to a lower estimate of the problems importance

Determinant Analysis of Public–Private Partnership in Russia

The subject of study in this article is the phenomenon of public-private partnership (PPP). The purpose of the study is to analyze the Russian type of public-private partnership on the basis of qualitative analytical method. The authors put forward the following hypothesis: the application of the method of determinant analysis presented in this article and the results of testing this method increase the validity of managerial decisions in the field of public-private partnership. To achieve the goal of research, the method of determinant analysis is substantiated in this article – the identification of the factor and resulting clusters of the subject of study. On the basis of this method, the formula of the basic characteristic of a public-private partnership is defined; the evolutionary, object-subject, subjective, environmental, formal and methodological determinants are revealed. Concept analysis allowed to justify the development of the market of public services as a social and economic result of the public-private partnership. The formation of the supply and demand in the social and transport infrastructure was fragmentarily considered. In the subjective analysis, the interests of the actors were identified and determinants of consumers of public services were allocated. The authors of the article identified the factor clusters of the environment and suggested ways to improve the assessment of development of the public-private partnership. In result of the research of the methodology determinant, it was suggested to extend the method of the public comparator to evaluate PPP projects. The results of the determinant analysis allowed to determine a comprehensive model for assessing the condition and development of the public-private partnership. To identify the functional request of the super-system, the analysis at the macro level was carried out and the PPP model was identified as a determinant of state administration. The article substantiates that the results of study using the determinant analysis will allow to unlock the potential of public-private partnerships as a determinant of new state administration in modern realities. Keywords: determinant analysis, determinant, public-private partnership (PPP), PPP project, infrastructure, market for public services, evaluation of PPP project, public comparator. JEL Classifications: D24, G21, P2

Financial stability of investment and construction projects in terms of project financing

The paper determines the relevance and purpose of the study. The characteristic and functions of a special purpose vehicle of project financing are presented. The conditions of project lending are described. The ways of ensuring financial stability of the investment and construction project at various stages of its life cycle are considered. At the preinvestment stage, the financial model and budget of the project are considered as a mechanism for ensuring the sustainability of the project. The directions of normative and methodological support for effective financial modeling and project budgeting in the context of project financing are identified. At the implementation stage, a cost control system for the investment and construction project was developed. A formal decomposition of the control system under study is proposed, and a functional description of the subjects of control is presented. The conditions of preserving the project within the budget and adaptive management of investment and construction projects are considered

The tectological function of investment-construction activities

The article considers the modeling of the function of investment-construction activities, which is an important theoretical and practical task. The author has reviewed the approaches of economic and mathematical modeling in this field. The use of the production function is briefly considered, and a tectological approach is proposed as a methodological basis. The article presents the methodological substantiation of tectological modeling and the basic provisions of the forming tectological mechanism. The author considers the investment-construction system as consisting of subsystems: an investment-construction complex and an investment-construction sphere. The system result is defined as a multiplicative dependence on the results of the functioning of the tectological subsystems. The result of the functioning of subsystems is presented in the form of dependence on activities and resistances, which are functions of the potential of actors, actor possibilities, goals or directions of action. Basic tectological principles are developed in the annex to investment and construction systems

Adaptive management of investment and construction projects

The modern conditions of investment and construction projects’ realization, particularly incompleteness, inaccuracy and lack of characteristics’ clarity of the project and environment of activity are highlighted in the article. The relevance of introduction of adaptive management methods and complex characterization are presented. Methods of the target function formation of investment and construction projects management are considered in the article. Moreover, the parametric approach based on the best result of managerial impacts is defined. The informational basis of input into the model is determined: actual project indicators, quantitative and qualitative description of the project status and situational problems. The adaptive essence of the management model has been identified as situational management. The conclusion of precedents and the description of construction production situations in the form of indistinct states model with the usage of linguistic variables were substantiated on this basis. The fragmentary example of the precedents base based on the studied experience of investment and construction projects implementation is presented in the article. The author developed a basic algorithm of decision-making in the system of adaptive management of investment and construction projects. Prospects and predicted effects of introduction of adaptive management of investment and construction projects at micro-level and macro-level are determined

Competence Model and Modern Trends of Development of the Russian Institute of Technical Customer

Article considers modern maintenance and development of the management actor by the investment-construction projects of the technical customer. Urgent problems of the formation of Institute of the technical customer establishment are allocated. Elementary competence model is presented: based competences of technical customer, model of the primary competence, example of the operational level of the model. Analysis of the development of the Institute of the technical customer was performed: compliance with current realities of investment-construction activities, improvement of contractual relations, compliance with international standards, state participation, creation of the single technical customer. Necessity of development of competence models for the urgent justification of professional standards is assessed. The possibility of modeling of the competencies and functions of technical customer in approach to the FIDIC-model was revealed. Possibility of usage of the competence model of the technical customer on the stage of building in terms of public-private partnership. Results show the direction for further researches

DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRUCTURAL MATRIX APPROACH IN ORGANIZATIONAL DIAGNOSTICS

The article covers the newly developed methodology of organizational diagnostics, namely, formation of a spatial system of organizational layers based on functional features, problems to solve, types and purposes of job assignments. The author has developed an adjustable methodology that contemplates a flexible vocabulary and basic notions of the classical theory of graphs. In the proposed model, organizational layers are considered as multi-focused graphs. Each organizational layer can be identified by two matrixes; therefore, the spatial system of layers is consolidated into a matrix network. Research of relations and communications of formal elements is a combination of the matrix approach employed both in horizontal and vertical planes. The organizational structure is based on the classification of elements by their functional features, problems to solve, types and purposes of job assignments. Further differentiation reveals the organization of the work process to estimate its dynamic nature, official and real time at work, clearness of distribution of functional duties, material support of activities and the working condition of employees. The personnel layer has its functional and structural features that make it possible to analyze the results of the work of the personnel, the office discipline, professional development, and the system of incentives. The social stratum can be considered as intercrossing sets of elements considered above with strong internal communication links. The subsystem of the management reveals the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the management team, management vectors, methods of performance of management functions and other factors. This approach makes it possible to develop a single system of management applicable to versatile organizational structures, including those that demonstrate various reasons that underlie mutual relations. The search for specific administrative levers is methodologically related to the understanding of the essence of the spatial system. The proposed approach discloses private constituents of elements, communications, organizational layers, generalized characteristics of layers, and partial effects. This approach may be used to simulate a system of forces, items of pressure, and organizational problems. The most advanced state of stability and sustainable development is now provided with the structure within which the elements remain in certain natural interdependence (symmetry, or balance). Formation of this model is based on thorough diagnostics of an organization through the employment of the structural matrix approach and the audit of the following characteristics: labour efficiency, reliability and flexibility of communications, uniformity of distribution of communications and their coordination, connectivity of elements and layers with account for their impact, degree of freedom of elements, layers and the system as a whole, reliability, rigidity, adaptability, stability of the organizational structure

Assessing Transaction Environment Conditions for Investment and Construction

This paper contains characteristic description of the transaction-based approach and identifies problems of studying the transaction envi-ronment for investments and construction. It also discusses the results of transaction cost analysis in the real estate sector, and assessment of the business environment in Russia. The authors present indirect assessment of transaction environment through the economic freedom index, detailed particularly for Russia; they demonstrate the transaction environment structure and offer methodological recommendations on evaluation of transaction environment for investment and construction

Метод освоенного объема в интеллектуальной системе управления строительными проектами

Представлен краткий обзор методов оценки степени реализации инвестиционно-строительных проектов. Выделены достоинства метода освоенного объема, направления его развития и перспективы использования в интеллектуальной системе управления проектами. Автором разработан ромб-допуск для нормирования процессов реализации строительного проекта и автоматического управления по отклонениям. Рассмотрена зависимость стоимости от объема строительно-монтажных работ, как один из аспектов формирования поля допустимых показателей реализации проектов. Выявлена динамическая зависимость и взаимосвязь количества проектных работ, стоимости и расписания. Представлено разложение проектных показателей по компонентным группам. Определены базовые отклонения, возникающие при реализации проектов: общее отклонение по затратам, отклонение удельной стоимости работ, отклонение выработки, отклонение количества работ, отклонение стоимости затраченных ресурсов, отклонение расписания. Рассмотрена сигнальная функция полученных отклонений показателей реализации инвестиционно-строительного проекта. Выявлены актуальные управленческие функции методологии освоенного объема. В статье выявлены базовые ситуации для реализации сигнальных функций в системе интеллектуального управления строительными проектами на основе методологии освоенного объема. Идентифицированы ситуационные прецеденты состояния инвестиционно-строительных проектов, как методическая основа будущего прецедентного моделирования. Определена сопоставимость методологии освоенного объема и актуального строительного инжиниринга. Разработаны основные итерации внедрения методологии освоенного объема в систему интеллектуального управления проектами. Представлен алгоритм принятия решений в отношении реализации инвестиционно-строительных проектов, построенный на принципах интеллектуального управления. В статье представлены направления дальнейшего совершенствования методологии освоенного объема для оптимизации управления строительными проектами

Assessing Transaction Environment Conditions for Investment and Construction

This paper contains characteristic description of the transaction-based approach and identifies problems of studying the transaction envi-ronment for investments and construction. It also discusses the results of transaction cost analysis in the real estate sector, and assessment of the business environment in Russia. The authors present indirect assessment of transaction environment through the economic freedom index, detailed particularly for Russia; they demonstrate the transaction environment structure and offer methodological recommendations on evaluation of transaction environment for investment and construction