Obaveštajna priprema područja ugroženog elementarnim nepogodama, tehničko-tehnološkim i drugim nesrećama i upotreba snaga vojske Srbije

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Drug Repurposing for Candidate SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors by a Novel in Silico Method

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak caused an unprecedented global public health threat, having a high transmission rate with currently no drugs or vaccines approved. An alternative powerful additional approach to counteract COVID-19 is in silico drug repurposing. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease is essential for viral replication and an attractive drug target. In this study, we used the virtual screening protocol with both long-range and short-range interactions to select candidate SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors. First, the Informational spectrum method applied for small molecules was used for searching the Drugbank database and further followed by molecular docking. After in silico screening of drug space, we identified 57 drugs as potential SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors that we propose for further experimental testing. © 2020 by the authors

Bolest plavog jezika - epizootiološka situacija u Srbiji u 2015. godini, dijagnostika i diferencijalna dijagnostika

Bluetongue disease is non-contagious, vector borne, viral disease mainly of sheep but also of other domestic and wild ruminants. Bluetongue virus (BTV) belongs to the family Reoviridae, genus Orbivirus and is characterized by segmented double-stranded RNA. Virus is transmitted from one to another susceptible animal by hematophagous insects of the genus Culicoides. According to official data, between 2002 and 2014, Serbia has belonged to BTV free countries. After that, the first outbreak occurred in August 2014. The last case was reported in December of the same year. During 2015, 74 samples were examined for exclusion of bluetongue disease: 8 in cattle, 65 in sheep and one in goat. In order to detect viral genome, 73 blood samples and one tissue sample were examined by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). None of tested samples was confirmed to be BTV positive. Following the Instruction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Environmental Protection - Veterinary Directorate, monitoring program for Bluetongue disease in Serbia started from October 2015. The program consists of insect identification and detection of viral genome in Culicoides spp. by RT-PCR assay. Of the 80 samples that were received during the program realization in 2015, only four, which were collected during late autumn, have contained insects of Culicoides spp. In none of them, BTV was detected. For differential diagnosis, 65 ovine blood samples were examined for the presence of viruses of contagious ecthyma, sheep and goat pox as well as eight bovine blood samples were tested for viruses of bovine viral diarrhea, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis / pustular vulvovaginitis and malignant catarrhal fever. The samples were analyzed using molecular methods (PCR and RT-PCR). Only two bovine blood samples gave positive reaction for the presence of bovine viral diarrhea virus.Bolest plavog jezika je nekontagiozno, vektorski uslovljeno virusno oboljenje koje se javlja uglavnom kod ovaca, ali i kod ostalih domaćih i divljih preživara. Virus plavog jezika (Bluetongue Virus - BTV) pripada familiji Reoviridae, rod Orbivirus a karakteriše ga segmentirana dvolančana RNK. Virus među prijemčivim životinjskim vrstama prenosi hematofagni insekt iz roda Culicoides. Prema zvaničnim podacima, Srbija se u periodu između 2002. i 2014.godine smatrala zemljom slobodnom of BTV. Nakon toga, bolest se pojavila prvi put u avgustu 2014. Poslednji slučaj prijavljen je u decembru iste godine. Tokom 2015. Godine ispitana su 74 uzorka sa ciljem isključivanja bolesti plavog jezika, i to 8 uzoraka poreklom od goveda, 65 od ovaca i jedan od koza. U cilju detekcije virusnog genoma 73 uzorka krvi i jedan uzorak tkiva su ispitani metodom reverzibilne lančane reakcije polimeraze (RT-PCR). Ni jedan od testiranih uzoraka nije bio pozitivan na BTV. U skladu sa Instrukcijom Ministarstvo poljoprivrede i zaštite životne sredine - Uprave za veterinu, u oktobru 2015. godine započet je program monitoringa bolesti plavog jezika u Srbiji. Program podrazumeva identifikaciju insekata i detektovanje genoma virusa kod Culicoides spp. primenom metode RT-PCR. Od ukupno 80 uzoraka koji su primljeni na ispitivanje tokom realizacije programa u 2015. godini, samo četiri uzorka koji su prikupljeni tokom kasne jeseni sadržali su insekte iz roda Culicoides spp. Ni u jednom od uzoraka nije detektovan BTV. U svrhu diferencijalne dijagnostike 65 uzoraka ovčije krvi ispitano je na prisustvo virusa kontagioznog ektima, boginja koza i ovaca, a osam uzoraka krvi goveda testirano je na viruse goveđe virusne dijareje, infektivnog goveđeg rihotraheitisa / pustularnog vulvovaginitisa i maligne kataralne groznice. Uzorci su analizirani primenom molekularnih metoda (PCR i RT-PCR). Kod samo dva uzorka krvi goveda ustanovljena je pozitivna reakcija na prisustvo virusa goveđe virusne dijareje

Standardizacija materijalnih sredstava u Severnoatlantskom savezu / Materiel standardization in North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

U radu je prikazan proces standardizacije materijalnih sredstava u Severnoatlantskom savezu kroz sagledavanje njegovog mesta i uloge u okviru zajedničke standardizacije, koja se realizuje radi dostizanja interoperabilnosti između vojnih snaga zemalja uključenih u evroatlantske integracije. / This paper presents a process of materiel standardization in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization through analysis of its place and role in common standardization process that should achieve interoperability between allied forces

Hydrotreating of straight-run gas oil blended with FCC naphtha and light cycle oil

In order to expand diesel fuel processing capacity an option to co-hydrotreat straight run gas oil blended with fraction containing FCC naphtha and light cycle oil was investigated. Industrial test run was performed under pressure of 40 bar in the catalytic reactor with two layers of conventional Co-Mo/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst, by increasing volume content of FCC naphtha and light cycle oil fraction in the reactor inlet to 20%vol. Reactor inlet temperature was also increased during the test run from 327 to 334 degrees C. Liquid hourly space velocities between 1.05 and 1.32 h(-1) have been used with H-2/oil ratios of 908-1135 Nm(3) hydrogen/m(3) oil. Sulphur inlet concentrations of 6500-8200 ppm were reduced to 36-72 ppm in the hydrotreated oil. GC-MS analysis of the sulphur compound's sub-families has shown that most of the sulphur was present in more reactive classes like alkyl substituted benzothiophenes. High conversion of sulphur was achieved by a combination of the following process parameters: high reaction temperature, low space velocity, presence of FCC naphtha in the feed and distribution of inlet sulphur dominantly concentrated in more reactive benzothiophenes. The activation energy of 33.2 kcal/mol was determined for this type of feedstock using power law kinetic expression

Synthesis of nano-crystalline NiFe2O4 powders in subcritical and supercritical ethanol

Nano-crystalline nickel ferrite has a broad range of applications due to its favourable magnetic properties. Those characteristics can be significantly influenced by the synthesis pathway including methods conducted in the presence of supercritical alcohols. Nano-crystalline NiFe2O4 powders were obtained in the reaction under subcritical and supercritical conditions of ethanol. Both high pressure synthesis routes resulted in powders with smaller primary particles and higher mesoporosity than co-precipitation method. Upon the annealing treatment the average crystallite size increased while material structure remained uniform, resulting in significantly enhanced magnetic properties, such as coercivity and remanence. It was found that synthesis under supercritical conditions provides higher conversion but also material with larger average crystallite size upon annealing. The time and temperature of annealing stage significantly influenced the morphology and magnetic properties of the obtained powders

Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Smoked Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) in Direct Conditions Using Different Filters vs Indirect Conditions

In this study, the common carp fish were smoked in direct and indirect smoke chambers. Direct smokings in craft chamber were conducted in four ways: smoked without filter (Fo), with zeolite filter (Fz), filter with granular activated carbon (Fc) and gravel filter (Fg). The content of 16 different PAHs in smoked common carp was analyzed using GCMS method. Addition of zeolite, activated carbon and gravel filters significantly reduced PAH levels (P lt 0.05). Levels of naphthalene, acenaphthylene, fluorine, phenanthrene and fluoranthene were reduced using zeolite, activated carbon and gravel filters by 42.14, 40.64, 42.5 (Naph), 49.81, 48.96, 48.96 (Acy), 32.71, 30.79, 26.15 (Fln), 28.79, 31.68, 18.34 (Phe) and 4.14, 3.87 and 1.12 (Flt) µg/kg, respectively. The addition of zeolite and activated carbon filters reduced amount of anthracene by 15.28 and 11.89 µg/kg and amount of pyrene by 1.25 and 0.6 µg/kg, while addition of gravel filters did not influence significantly these PAHs (P > 0.05). However all filters decreased acenaphthene, benz[a]anthracene and chrysene below detection limits. Zeolite was the most effective adsorbent for PAHs. All samples were under maximum limit of BaP (2 μg/kg) and PAH4 (12 μg/kg) set by European Commission Regulation 835/2011. Based on results in the present study it can be stated that common carp smoked in both direct and indirect conditions can be considered to be safe for consumption

Fatty acid composition of hot smoked Common carp meat

Production of smoked fish is one of the most important sector in European aquaculture. Smoked common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and smoked trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are present in our country and they are more present on the market in the recent years. Smoking fish is one of the most acceptable method of fish meat processing which is relatively inexpensive, has shortime of production, and is very acceptable on our market by the consumers due to their preference to smoked products (smoked pork). Smoked fish is significant part of human nutrition worldwide, due to the desirable sensory properties, high nutritional value, high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, liposoluble vitamins, essential minerals and essential amino acids. Apart from optimal amounts of essential fatty acids, the ratio of essential fatty acids is very important. The World Health Organization has recommended that the ratio of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids should be above 0.4, and within polyunsaturated fatty acids, the ratio of ω6 and ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids should be less than 4. This ratio is adequate in the most type of fish and fishery products. In the present study, fatty acid composition of hot smoked common carp meat packed in vacuum and modified atmosphere (MAP) with argon was analysed. For determination of fatty acid composition, gas chromatograph Agilent 7890A with flame ionization detector (FID) and column Supelco SP-2560 (100 m x 0,25 mm; width stationary phase 0,20 μm) was used. The ratio of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids was according to recommendation of the World Health Organization and it was above 1. Within polyunsaturated fatty acids, the ratio of ω6 and ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids also was according to recommendation, less than 4. The results obtained from present study confirm that hot smoked common carp meat should be significant part of well-balanced diet.Proizvodnja dimlјene ribe je jedan od najvažnijih sektora u ribarstvu Evrope. U našoj zemlјi su zastupljeni dimlјeni šaran (Cyprinus carpio) i dimlјena pastrmka (Oncorhynchus mykiss) koji su u poslednje vreme sve prisutniji na tržištu. Dimljenje riba je jedan od najprihvatljivijih načina prerade mesa riba, ne zahteva skupu opremu, proizvodnja kratko traje, a prihvatljivost proizvoda na našem tržištu je, s obzirom na navike potrošača (kao što je dimljeno svinjsko meso), veoma dobra. Dimljena riba predstavlja značajan deo ishrane ljudi u svetu pre svega zbog poželjnih senzornih svojstava, kao i zbog visoke nutritivne vrednosti, visokog sadržaja polinezasićenih masnih kiselina, liposolubilnih vitamina, esencijalnih minerala i esencijalnih aminokiselina. Pored optimalnih količina esencijalnih masnih kiselina, veoma je bitan i njihov odnos. Prema preporukama Svetske zdravstvene organizacije odnos polinezasićenih i zasićenih masnih kiselina treba da bude iznad 0,4, a unutar polinezasićenih masnih kiselina, odnos ω6 i ω3 polinezasićenih masnih kiselina manji od 4. Ovaj odnos je u mesu riba uglavnom adekvatan. U ovom radu je analiziran masnokiselinski sastav toplo dimljenog šarana prethodno upakovanog u vakuum i u modifikovanu atmosferu (MAP) sa argonom. Za određivanje sastava masnih kiselina je korišćen gasni hromatograf Agilent 7890A sa plameno-jonizujućim detektorom (FID) i kolonom Supelco SP-2560 (100 m x 0,25 mm; debljina stacionarne faze 0,20 μm). Odnos polinezasićenih i zasićenih masnih kiselina u ovoj studiji je u skladu sa preporukama i iznosi čak i preko 1. Odnos ω6 i ω3 toplodimljenog šarana je u skladu sa preporukama, odnosno manji je od 4. Rezultati ove studije potvrđuju da bi toplodimljeni šaran s aspekta masnokiselinskog sastava trebalo da bude značajan deo balansirane ishrane.Conference Proceeding