EPIDEMIOLOGIC, CLINIC AND ETHIOPATHOGENIC STUDIES IN CANINE UROLITHIASIS

In a study performed on 983 examined dogs, urolithiasis was diagnosed in 20 cases, representing 2,03%. The highest incidence of urolithiasis was registered at the pure breeds (80%), most of them represented by males (75%). In the order of their appearance, the major symptoms for which the owners requested veterinary consult, were: anuria or dysuria (55%), bloody urine (40%), depression (40%), polakysuria (30%), stranguria (25%), urinary incontinence (15%). Using the ultrasound technique, we identified sediments in the urinary bladder in 80% of the dogs, uroliths in 20% (3 cases) and nephroliths in one case. Most of the encountered crystals were struvites (80%), cystine (10%), calcium oxalate (5%) and calcium phosphate (5%). Urolithiasis and sediment formation was found secondary to: urinary infections in 40% of the patients, chronic renal diseases in 25%, hyperproteic diet (20%), inborn errors of metabolism (10%) and diabetes mellitus (5%)

PARACLINICAL ASPECTS OF HEMOSTASIS DISTURBS IN PURPURA HEMORRHAGICA OF THE HORSES

A number of 20 work horses, clinically healthy (group no.1, control group) and 9 work horses with purpura hemorrhagica (group no.2) were investigated paraclinically using the parameters of the minimum balance of homeostasis. In both groups we determined the prothrombine time (PT), partial activated thromboplastine time (APTT) and fibrinogen. Using the average value of PT in group no.1 and group no.2 we calculated the INR value (International Normalized Ratio). The values of PT, APTT and INR were increased in horses from the 2nd group (PT= 56,43 ±86,48s; APTT = 95,53 ±14,81s; INR = 5,03) compared to the average values of the same parameters in the horses from group no. 1 (PT = 11,19 ±1,76s; APTT = 58,17 ±11,72s; INR = 1,10). Plasmatic fibrinogen was of 183 ±49,46 mg/dl in the horses of the 1st group and 136 ±57,57 mg/dl in the horses of the 2nd group

SERUM CORTISOL VARIATION OF SPORT HORSES IN RELATION WITH THE LEVEL OF TRAINING AND EFFORT INTENSITY

The aim of this research was to determine the influence of physical effort on serum cortisol values at horses in relation with physic training level and competition experience. Having in view the two parameters and the equine sport types, the horses have been divided in four groups: - group I and III , horses with a mean physic-training and a reduced competition experience - group II and IV , horses with a very good physic training and competition experience The horses from the first and second groups competed in the cross phase of the complete riding test, and those from the third and fourth groups competed in the two-hand marathon test. The results obtained in this experiment showed that the serum cortisol values were significantly increased (

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN CATTLE ENZOOTIC HAEMATURIA IN AN AREA FROM N-W OF TRANSILVANIA

The observations were made on a number of 1751 cattle, during 2007-2008, coming from 7 localities, where the enzootic haematuria evolves, from county Maramureş, next Baia Mare city (Siseşti, Negreia, Dăneşti, Surdeşti, Plopiş, Cetăţele, Budeşti). Refering to feeding, in the winter period, natural hay and maize stalks and only exceptional maize and gran flour, and during grazing was low vegetation elected in the arid years predominantly from imperial fern (Pteridium aquilinum). The appearance of haematuria is in the january-february-march period, and appears frequently in pregnant animals and in animals around 2-3 years old. Individual and group clinical examinations from the examined localities praised poor state of maintenance, most common diseases associated with enzootic haematuria, and on the cows with clinically manifested haematuria, state of anaemia, haematuria, dysuria. We have collected 11 samples of blood, respectivelly 11 samples of urine by vesical catheterism from the cattle with clinical signs. Of them were made hemograma, complete leucograma and biochemical tests (serum glucose, BUN, total protein, albumin, gamaglobulin, creatinin). As far as urine: with color variations between yellow and straw yellow, orange and pale red, pH 2.0-8.0 and urinar sediment (vesical cells, red blood cells, calcium carbonate and sulfate crystals)

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS IN DOGS AND CATS

Renal diseases represent one of the more frequent affections mostly in aged animals. Even, if we talk about acute or chronic renal suffering in this time the excretion renal function must be replaced. Peritoneal dialysis represent an easier, cheaper and relative safe way to excrete the toxic metabolism products. Peritoneal dialysis principle is represented by osmosis principle which means the capacity of small molecules to pass through semipermeable membranes until the concentration become equal on the each side of these membrane. Scope. Testing the efficiency of a non-commercial peritoneal dialysis solution, compound of one part Ringer’s solution and ¼ parts 20 % dextrose. Pacients. 6 cats and dog with different sex, age and breed which have had a kidney disease. Results. As follow as peritoneal dialysis used we obtained: Decrease of blood urea nitrogen with 14.8 % / dialysis cycle; Decrease of serum creatinine with 7.2 % / dialysis cycle. Conclusion Peritoneal dialysis represent an easy, facil and safe way to excrete the toxic metabolism products until the excretion renal function will be recovere

CANINE LYMPHOMA: CLINICAL SIGNS AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES

Objectives: to underline the most common clinical signs and biochemical disturbances in dogs with lymphosarcoma, multicentre typ

DIFFERENT ASPECTS AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUE OF HEMOTRANSFUSION OF DOGS AT THE VETERINARIAN CLINICAL HOSPITAL IN CLUJ-NAPOCA

The blood transfusion in dogs recorded remarkable progress lately, even though the transfusion therapy with animal blood is still hard to access. The sustained efforts of researchers and clinical practitioners from U.S.A. (Lucas et. all., 2004), Europe (Waldrop et. all., 2005) and Japan (Ejima et. all., 2004), made it possible for some blood transfusion centers and blood banks for dogs to be constructe

TESTING COMPATIBILITY AND EVALUATING THE RISK OF BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS IN A SAMPLE OF DOGS THAT UNDERWENT INTENSIVE THERAPY

Recurring to blood; transfusion as a procedure in intensive therapy was based on the assessment of compatibility and transfusion risks; by testing blood groups performing major Crossmatch compatibility test; in a heterogeneous population of dogs (n = 139) from the central Transylvania. Compatibility tests were conducted in the laboratory of Physiology FMV Cluj-Napoca; and the blood transfusions Emergency hospital of the same institution. The blood types were determined through the tube agglutination method; with SHIGETA kits; containing 4 types of monoclonal antibodies. There have been verified also 3 variants major Crossmatch; one of which; in consisting of rapid testing on glass slate; and was used alongside blood typing in assessing the compatibility of 22 patients that underwent and transfusions. The average values (+++; ++++) of increased intensity of the agglutination reaction have shown that monoclonal SHIGETA antibodies performed a good detection of each erythrocyte antigen type for this antigenic system. In the frequency evolution of the blood phenogroup; the major percentage possessed the B antigen: 1.1B (45.32%); 1 (-) B (23.74%) and 1.2B (20.86%). These were predominant in all breeds investigated; similar percentages being registered for 1(-) B and 1.1B in German shepherd and English bulldog. Major percentage of 1.1B was registered in other breeds. Analysis of the overall compatibility tests indicated German Shepard bread as an important source of potential donors. Confirmation of this was given by increased proportion of German shepherds 1 (-) B positive (50%); as a result of the correlation between 2 antigenic systems (SHIGETA and DEA) these have proven to be DEA 1 negative. Results of preliminary tests verify the blood compatibility based on blood type and Crossmatch were negative in the case of a family of 4 German shepherd females 1 (-) B positive. Using these tests in the case of patients subjected to blood transfusions contributed to their recovery in the proportion of 90%. On other two patients the very serious development has been associated with fatal hemolysis after the third; respectively the fourth transfusion with blood from compatible a donor

OBSERVATIONS REGARDING THE COMPARATIVE VALUE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATOBILIARY DISEASES IN DOGS

In dogs and cats, the physical examination of the liver provides limited data from an early diagnosis of the hepatic diseases. It is established that in many liver diseases the apparition of clinical signs corresponds more often to some serious injuries of the hepatic tissue. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity for two methods used in paraclinical assessment of the liver diseases: the ultrasonography and laboratory diagnosis. The researches were performed on 10 dogs from different breeds, age and sex. By the paraclinical methods above-mentioned were diagnosed the following hepatic diseases: hepatic abscesses, chronic cholecystitis, hepatic cirrhosis, hepatic neoplasms (hemangiosarcoma, lymphoma), congenital abnormalities of gallbladder (septate gallbladder), cholelithiasis and gallbladder polypus. Intensity of the biochemical changes were’not always correlative with the severity of liver lesions that were found by ultrasonograph

Magnesium in Canine Epilepsy

Epilepsy is the expression of a functional paroxysmal neural impulses disturbance where neurons discharge excessive nerve impulses with a high frequency and abnormal synchrony. Investigations were conducted on a total of 45 dogs diagnosed with epilepsy aged between 3 months and 10 years. A number of 40 clinically healthy dogs were controll group (group M). Were determined plasma and erythrocyte magnesium, calcium, inorganic phosphate, potassium and sodium by molecular absorption spectrophotometry (colorimetric methods). In dogs with primary and secondary epilepsy has recorded a negative balance of magnesium with a statistically significant decrease of plasma and erythrocyte magnesium and also a negative correlation between attacks frequency-plasma and erythrocyte magnesium; the dogs with status epilepticus recorde the lowest levels of plasma and erythrocyte magnesium. The hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia recorded in dogs with secondary epilepsy are the important biochemical changes of magnesium deficiency syndrome with neuromusculare symptoms