Invisible Trade Barriers: Trade Effects of US Antidumping Actions Against the People’s Republic of China

We conduct an empirical analysis on the impact of the United States (US) antidumping actions against the People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the bilateral trade and US imports from other trade partners. Using the data set based on the Harmonized System (HS) tariff code, we examine the trade patterns of the PRC and other countries, and find evidence for the trade restriction effect and the trade diversion effect. Further, we examine the intensity and duration of both restriction and diversion effects. The antidumping measures have effectively raised the prices of imports from the PRC and reduced US imports from the PRC only in the short term. Nevertheless, due to the coexistence of trade diversion effects, the overall remedy effect of antidumping actions on domestic industries is considerably limited. In addition, we investigate other factors that influence the efficiency of antidumping measures, such as the antidumping duty amount, the PRC’s market position in the US, and the US market share in the PRC

Fiscal Policy and Growth in Developing Asia

In this paper we empirically explore the relationship between fiscal policy and economic growth in developing Asia. The region’s overall level of taxes and government spending are substantially lower than those prevailing in advanced economies. Nevertheless, there are conceptual grounds why fiscal policy, including the composition of taxes and government spending, can have a significant effect on growth, as our empirical analysis shows. In line with economic theory, property taxes have a more benign impact on growth than direct taxes, and spending more on education has a sizable positive impact on growth

Intellectual Property Rights, Quality of Institutions, and Foreign Direct Investment into Developing Asia

Developing Asian countries are strengthening their intellectual property rights (IPR) regime as they themselves become producers of intellectual property. At the same time, developing Asia has attracted large amounts of foreign direct investment (FDI) and this trend is expected to continue in light of the region's strong growth prospects. In this paper, we explore the relationship between IPR and FDI in developing Asia. To do so, we develop a theoretical model which predicts that stronger IPR protection attracts more FDI in countries with small informal economies - i.e., strong institutions - but not in countries with large informal economies - i.e., weak institutions. Our empirical analysis, based on a threshold effect model, yields some evidence which supports our theoretical model

Trend Analysis of Physical Activity Measurement Research Using Text Mining in Big Data Analytics

Measurements of physical activity taken in a valid and reliable way are essential in characterizing the relationship between physical activity and health outcomes. Given the steadily growing interest in the physical activity measurement and the lack of research to identify current trends, this study investigated the research trend of physical activity measurement by applying four text data mining techniques (i.e., future signal, keyword network analysis, keyword trend, and keyword association rule). A total of 54,670 publications from 1982 to 2021 were collected from PubMed. As a result, the current study 1) confirmed two weak signal topics (i.e., “validity of physical activity instrument” and “classification of physical activity patterns using machine learning algorithms”) that are likely to affect future research trends, 2) identified keywords (e.g., “youth,” “adult,” “woman,” “survey,” “questionnaire,” and “monitor”) from the perspective of populations and measurement tools, 3) examined that the relative importance of keyword, “senior” increased rapidly, and 4) indicated that new keywords (i.e., “smartphone,” “wearable device,” “GPS,” “tracker,” and “app”) appeared in the early 2000s. The findings of this study provided implications for the selection of research topics and the use of text mining techniques in physical activity measurement research

An Analysis of Fiscal Policy and Economics Growth: The Case of Transition Economies

Based on a low level of elasticity of substitution between labour and capital in the transitional economies, this paper theoretically suggests how they should be able to reach a stable growth path after a period of rapid dynamic short-run movement. The paper places particular emphasis on the role of government fiscal policy in exploring this phenomenon.The transition economies, capital accumulation, budget deficit, tax rate

Sovereign Risk, Elections, and Contagion

This paper aims to quantify the political risk effect and its different economic implications in normal and crisis situations through the proxy analysis of election and the sovereign bond spreads. Our study leads to three main findings. First, in normal economic situations, elections and government turnovers expand bond spreads, demonstrating investors' concern over the possibility of government policies or instability brought by the election. During a crisis, however, investors prefer change, indicating hope in new policies ameliorate public finances. Second, due to the prolonged eurozone sovereign debt crisis, elections in European countries have stronger contagion effects in their own region during a global slowdown period than a normal period. However, their effect does not carry over globally after the 2008 financial crisis. Third, results show that the election induced peak shrinks from 3 months before and after the election date to 1–2 months when the economic situation turns from normal to a downgraded period