Sedimentological Study of the Ryukyu Group

application/pdfThe sedimentology of the Pleistocene Ryukyu Group in the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan, was investigated. The deposition of the Ryukyu Group, which is characterized by limestone of organic origin, is an important event in the Late Cenozoic history of the Ryukyu Islands. The limestone of the Ryukyu Group is classified into a coral, algal mat, an algal ball and a detrital facies. Definition of each facies is based on both field and laboratory studies. A model of deposition for the limestone is presented and statistically examined applying the Markov chain analysis. The depositional sequence of the Ryukyu Group is strongly Markovian. Special attention is given to the explanation of the mechanism of cyclic sedimentation, which must have caused the growth of such a Markovian-type sequence. In the course of mathematical treatment of the problem, subtracting the independent trials probability matrix leaves a residual matrix of positive probabilities that define the fully developed cyclothem. The fully developed cyclothem of the Itokina Formation can be expressed as conglomeratic sandstone; (fine-grained) sandstone and mudstone; calcareous (fine-grained) sandstone and mudstone; limestone; calcareous (fine-grained) sandstone and mudstone; (fine-grained) sandstone and mudstone; and conglomeratic sandstone. Dynamical analysis of limestone deposition in this fully developed cyclothem was carried out. Considering the geologic history of the Ryukyu Islands, It is concluded from the analyses that sudden subsidence and isolation of the Islands provided a favorable environment for the development of the limestone under warm water conditions.紀要類(bulletin)5294551 bytesdepartmental bulletin pape

Comparative Effectiveness of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Other Classes of Glucose-Lowering Medications on Renal Outcome in Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: To assess whether sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) therapy is associated with a favorable renal prognosis for patients with type 2 diabetes melllitus (T2DM) outside the clinical trials setting. Participants and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed routinely collected health care records of ∼160 medical institutions in Japan from April 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017/2018 (varying at the institutional level). Adults with T2DM but without end-stage renal disease who initiated either SGLT2i or other classes of glucose-lowering medications (o-GLM) were matched using propensity score. The primary outcome was the time course of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) displayed in spline curve. The composite of renal worsening (>40% decline in eGFR) and the development of eGFR<30 mL/1.73 m2 per minute was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Two sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine the robustness of results. Results: We compared a matched cohort of 1433 SGLT2i users and 2739 o-GLM users (mean age: 61 years). The eGFR declined over time in both groups during the observation period (median: 17 months; maximum: 54 months), with a slower eGFR slope observed in SGLT2i users. This slower decline was consistently observed across different SGLT2i agents and different baseline eGFR groups. The cumulative incidence of composite renal endpoints was lower in the SGLT2i group with a hazard ratio of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.50-0.98; P=.039). Those findings were consistent in sensitivity analyses limited to the period adherent to the initial drug regimen and with a different approach for propensity score calculation. Conclusion: In a matched cohort of T2DM patients, SGLT2i use was associated with preserved renal function relative to o-GLM use over 2 to 4 years

Foraminiferal evidence of submarine sediment transport and deposition by backwash during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

Micropaleontological analysis of nearshore to offshore sediments recovered from the southwestern coast of Thailand was performed to clarify the submarine processes of sediment transport and deposition during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The distribution pattern of benthic foraminifers showed seaward migration after the tsunami event. Agglutinated foraminifers, which are characteristic of an intertidal brackish environment, were identified in the post-tsunami samples from foreshore to offshore zones. These suggest that sediments originally distributed in foreshore to nearshore zones were transported offshore due to the tsunami backwash. On the other hand, the distribution pattern of planktonic and benthic species living in offshore zones showed slight evidence of landward migration by the tsunami. This suggests that landward redistribution of sediments by the tsunami run-up did not occur in the offshore seafloor of the study area. Our results and a review of previous studies provide an interpretation of submarine sedimentation by tsunamis. It is possible that tsunami backwashes induce sediment flows that transport a large amount of coastal materials seaward. Thus, traces of paleotsunami backwashes can be identified in offshore sedimentary environments as the accumulation of allochthonous materials. This can be recognized as changes in benthic foraminiferal assemblages. © 2009 The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

A novel 10Be proxy of cosmic-ray intensity between 11-28 ka from Dome Fuji, Antarctica.

第2回極域科学シンポジウム　氷床コアセッション 11月16日（水） 国立極地研究所 2階大会議室前フロ

Practice Patterns of Medications for Patients With Malignant Bowel Obstruction Using a Nationwide Claims Database and the Association Between Treatment Outcomes and Concomitant Use of H₂-Blockers/Proton Pump Inhibitors and Corticosteroids With Octreotide

Context: Malignant bowel obstruction impairs the quality of life in patients with advanced cancer. Octreotide, acid-suppressing medications such as H₂-receptor antagonists (H₂-blockers) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and corticosteroids are often used in combination for symptom control. Objectives: We evaluated the practice patterns of medications for patients hospitalized with malignant bowel obstruction using a large claims database in Japan. In addition, we explored the association of adding H₂-blockers/PPIs or corticosteroids to octreotide on treatment outcomes. Methods: We analyzed data from a nationwide medical claims database from April 2010 to March 2015 containing 975, 000 patients. We included all adult inpatients with cancer who used octreotide 300 μg/day or more and summarized each patient's medication use. We also assessed whether concomitant use of H₂-blockers/PPIs or corticosteroids was associated with the number of days of nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion; logistic regression was used to adjust the patients' baseline factors. Results: We included 3090 patients; octreotide alone was used in 1649 (53%) cases. A combination of octreotide and H₂-blockers or PPIs was used in 419 and 337 cases (14% and 11%), respectively; a combination of octreotide and corticosteroids was used in 374 cases (12%). Of the 1595 patients who underwent NGT insertion, those using corticosteroids with octreotide had a higher odds ratio of NGT removal within four days of insertion (adjusted odds ratio = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.08–1.23). Conclusion: Octreotide alone was used in the majority of patients, and the concomitant use of corticosteroids was more likely to be associated with early NGT removal

Compact automated culture machine for human induced pluripotent stem cell maintenance and differentiation

令和4年