Magnetoplasmon-surface phonon polaritons coupling effects in radiative heat transfer

In this letter, based on the quantum Hall regime of magneto-optical graphene, we have theoretically investigated the coupling of magnetoplasmon polaritons (MPP) to surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) by investigating the radiative heat transfer between two graphene-coated SiO2 slabs. By applying an external magnetic field, the separated branches of intraband and interband MPP can both couple with SPhPs to form tunable modes, which remould the energy transport of the system. The heat transfer mechanism is completely changed from enhancement to attenuation due to the strong coupling, and the thermal stealthy is realized for the graphene. The letter has great significance for the graphene-based magneto-optical devices.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Mapping of leaf rust resistance genes in common wheat ‘Guinong08-6’

Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.), a devastating disease of wheat in the world, causes severe yield losses and therefore the development of resistant cultivars is very important. Here, a Chinese wheat line (Guinong08-6) showed adult-plant resistance against mixed fungal isolates of leaf rust, which is common in Guiyang region. It was crossed with a susceptible wheat line (Guinong19) to develop F1, F2, and F3 hybrids. Combined SSR and STS markers were used to map leaf rust resistance genes in Guinong08-6, and the resistance phenotype of Guinong08-6 was co-regulated by two complementary dominant genes, named LrGn08-6A and LrGn08-6B. LrGn08-6A was mapped to chromosome 2AS with markers URIC-LN2 and Xgpw2204, which flanked the gene at distances of 1.8 centimorgan (cM) and 14.83 cM, respectively. LrGn08-6B was mapped to chromosome 4DL with markers Xgpw342 and Xbarc93, which both flanked the gene at a distance of 26.57 cM. Genetic and molecular marker analyses demonstrated that LrGn08-6A, which was inherited from Aegilops ventricosa may be the resistance gene Lr37, while LrGn08-6B may be a newly discovered leaf rust resistance gene

Plasmonic Optical Tweezers for Particle Manipulation: Principles, Methods, and Applications

Inspired by the idea of combining conventional optical tweezers with plasmonic nanostructures, a technique named plasmonic optical tweezers (POT) has been widely explored from fundamental principles to applications. With the ability to break the diffraction barrier and enhance the localized electromagnetic field, POT techniques are especially effective for high spatial-resolution manipulation of nanoscale or even subnanoscale objects, from small bioparticles to atoms. In addition, POT can be easily integrated with other techniques such as lab-on-chip devices, which results in a very promising alternative technique for high-throughput single-bioparticle sensing or imaging. Despite its label-free, high-precision, and high-spatial-resolution nature, it also suffers from some limitations. One of the main obstacles is that the plasmonic nanostructures are located over the surfaces of a substrate, which makes the manipulation of bioparticles turn from a three-dimensional problem to a nearly two-dimensional problem. Meanwhile, the operation zone is limited to a predefined area. Therefore, the target objects must be delivered to the operation zone near the plasmonic structures. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art target delivery methods for the POT-based particle manipulating technique, along with its applications in single-bioparticle analysis/imaging, high-throughput bioparticle purifying, and single-atom manipulation. Future developmental perspectives of POT techniques are also discussed

Nanoparticle manipulation using plasmonic optical tweezers based on particle sizes and refractive indices

As an effective tool for micro/nano-scale particle manipulation, plasmonic optical tweezers can be used to manipulate cells, DNA, and macromolecules. Related research is of great significance to the development of nanoscience. In this work, we investigated a sub-wavelength particle manipulation technique based on plasmonic optical tweezers. When the local plasmonic resonance is excited on the gold nanostructure arrays, the local electromagnetic field will be enhanced to generate a strong gradient force acting on nanoparticles, which could achieve particle sorting in sub-wavelength scale. On this basis, we explored the plasmonic enhancement effect of the sorting device and the corresponding optical force and optical potential well distributions. Additionally, the sorting effect of the sorting device was investigated in statistical methods, which showed that the sorting device could effectively sort particles of different diameters and refractive indices

Genome-wide analysis of the Tritipyrum WRKY gene family and the response of TtWRKY256 in salt-tolerance

IntroductionThe transcription factor WRKY is widespread in the plant kingdom and plays a crucial role in diverse abiotic stress responses in plant species. Tritipyrum, an octoploid derived from an intergeneric cross between Triticum aestivum (AABBDD) and Thinopyrum elongatum (EE), is a valuable germplasm resource for introducing superior traits of Th. elongatum into T. aestivum. The recent release of the complete genome sequences of T. aestivum and Th. elongatum enabled us to investigate the organization and expression profiling of Tritipyrum WRKY genes across the entire genome.ResultsIn this study, 346 WRKY genes, from TtWRKY1 to TtWRKY346, were identified in Tritipyrum. The phylogenetic analysis grouped these genes into three subfamilies (I-III), and members of the same subfamilies shared a conserved motif composition. The 346 TtWRKY genes were dispersed unevenly across 28 chromosomes, with 218 duplicates. Analysis of synteny suggests that the WRKY gene family may have a common ancestor. Expression profiles derived from transcriptome data and qPCR demonstrated that 54 TtWRKY genes exhibited relatively high levels of expression across various salt stresses and recovery treatments. Tel1E01T143800 (TtWRKY256) is extremely sensitive to salt stress and is on the same evolutionary branch as the salt-tolerant A. thaliana genes AtWRKY25 and AtWRKY33. From 'Y1805', the novel AtWRKY25 was cloned. The Pearson correlation analysis identified 181 genes that were positively correlated (R>0.9) with the expression of TtWRKY256, and these genes were mainly enriched in metabolic processes, cellular processes, response to stimulus, biological regulation, and regulation of biological. Subcellular localization and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that TtWRKY256 was located in the nucleus and was highly expressed in roots, stems, and leaves under salt stress.DiscussionThe above results suggest that TtWRKY256 may be associated with salt stress tolerance in plants and may be a valuable alien gene for improving salt tolerance in wheat