Development of the Five-Factor Borderline Inventory-Other Report

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is one of the most studied personality disorders and is associated with significant outcomes such as suicide. Although BPD is represented in DSM-5 as a categorical diagnosis, it may be better characterized dimensionally, such as using the five-factor model of general personality (FFM; Clark, 2007; O'Connor, 2005; Samuel & Widiger, 2004; Samuel & Widiger, 2008; Saulsman & Page, 2004; Lynam & Widiger, 2001). Mullins-Sweatt and colleagues (2012) developed a self-report measure, the Five Factor Borderline Inventory (FFBI) to assess BPD traits using eleven facets from the FFM that are highly related to BPD. Previous research suggests that informant-reports may increase the reliability and validity of assessments and provide additional information (Klonsky, Oltmanns, & Turkeheimer, 2002). The current study developed an informant measure of the FFBI, Five Factor Borderline Inventory- Other Report (FFBI-OR) and examined its convergent and discriminant validity compared to the FFBI, FFM, and traditional measure of PDs. Overall, the FFBI-OR demonstrated good convergent validity and moderate discriminant validity with the FFBI, FFM, and other traditional measures of PDs. Additionally, the current study explored the incremental validity of the FFBI-OR over the FFBI in predicting functional impairment. The FFBI-OR did not exhibit incremental validity over the FFBI in predicting functional impairment

ConMatch: Semi-Supervised Learning with Confidence-Guided Consistency Regularization

We present a novel semi-supervised learning framework that intelligently leverages the consistency regularization between the model's predictions from two strongly-augmented views of an image, weighted by a confidence of pseudo-label, dubbed ConMatch. While the latest semi-supervised learning methods use weakly- and strongly-augmented views of an image to define a directional consistency loss, how to define such direction for the consistency regularization between two strongly-augmented views remains unexplored. To account for this, we present novel confidence measures for pseudo-labels from strongly-augmented views by means of weakly-augmented view as an anchor in non-parametric and parametric approaches. Especially, in parametric approach, we present, for the first time, to learn the confidence of pseudo-label within the networks, which is learned with backbone model in an end-to-end manner. In addition, we also present a stage-wise training to boost the convergence of training. When incorporated in existing semi-supervised learners, ConMatch consistently boosts the performance. We conduct experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of our ConMatch over the latest methods and provide extensive ablation studies. Code has been made publicly available at https://github.com/JiwonCocoder/ConMatch.Comment: Accepted at ECCV 202

Understanding Cultural Issues in the Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors of Korean Immigrants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore potential factors affecting self-management behaviors in Korean immigrants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (KIT2Ds). METHODS: A qualitative descriptive design guided this study. Semi-structured interviews lasting 45-60 minutes were conducted with 20 KIT2Ds in the participant’s preferred language; in all cases this was Korean. Each interview was audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Data analysis was performed in two steps. The data written in Korean were initially analyzed by three bilingual researchers. A qualitative researcher then participated in the analysis to refine the findings for presentation to an English speaking audience while staying true to the data and preserving the nuanced Korean meanings. RESULTS: The mean age of the sample was 64. 5 ± 11.6 years (9 men and 11 women). The mean years of staying in the U. S. and age at diabetes mellitus diagnosis were 23.6 ± 9.7 years and 52.5 ± 12.3 years, respectively. Three major ideas were identified: (a) issues on treatment regimen related to both medications and diet, (b) resources that helped or hindered their ability to manage diabetes, and (c) the physician/patient relationship. CONCLUSIONS: There were important cultural nuances that need to be addressed to better prepare KIT2Ds to manage their diabetes more effectively. A culture specific program should extend beyond a diabetes self-management education delivered in Korean language. Rather, content and education methods need to consider acculturation effects on diabetes management behaviors

Gender differences in psychopathy and Machiavellianism traits

Purpose/Background: Psychopathy and Machiavellianism are the two constructs that make up the Dark Triad alongside the construct of narcissism. The Dark Triad describes three personality traits significantly associated with difficulties in interpersonal relationships. While some argue that psychopathy and Machiavellianism are extremely similar (Miller et al., 2016), a number of researchers argue they are different enough to be separate constructs. Recent studies have found gender differences within psychopathy or Machiavellianism individually. Specifically, men expressed higher levels of both psychopathy traits (Miller et al., 2010) and Machiavellianism traits (Collison et al., 2020). However, no study has examined gender differences in both Machiavellianism and psychopathy. The goal of this study is to provide further evidence of gender differences shown in the expression of Machiavellianism and psychopathy traits within one sample.Methods: Participants (N = 191) for the current study were undergraduate college students from Oklahoma State University who worked over 20 hours a week, as this data comes from a larger study that assessed workplace behaviors. Participants were given research credits for participation. Participants completed a variety of self-report measures to assess psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism. These measures included demographic information (e.g. sex), The Dirty Dozen (DD; Jonason & Webster, 2010), Elemental Psychopathy Assessment (EPA; Lynam et al., 2011), and Mach-IV Scale (Christie & Geis, 1970). The sample was 71.8% female and 74.8% Caucasian. Gender differences will be measured for Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. A series of T-tests will be used to determine whether there are significant gender differences in psychopathy and Machiavellianism traits.Results: It is hypothesized that males will express significantly higher levels of psychopathy traits and Machiavellianism traits.Implications: This study will provide further evidence whether there are significant gender differences in psychopathy and Machiavellianism. Knowing the prevalence of these traits in males and females will aid in diagnoses, treatments, interventions, and further research.Oklahoma State University. Freshman Research Scholars ProgramPsycholog

Optical transitions of a single nodal ring in SrAs3_3: radially and axially resolved characterization

We perform polarized optical reflection measurements on a single nodal-ring semimetal $\rm{SrAs_3}$. For the radial and axial directions of the ring, the optical conductivity $\sigma_1(\omega)$ exhibits a flat absorption $\sigma^{\mathrm{flat}}$ over a certain frequency range. In addition, a prominent optical peak appears at 2$\Delta_{\mathrm{SOC}}$ = 30 meV. For comparison, we theoretically calculate $\sigma_1(\omega)$ using an effective model Hamiltonian and first-principles calculations, which successfully reproduces the data for both directions. The $\sigma^{\mathrm{flat}}$ establishes that the universal power-law of optical conductivity holds robustly in the nodal ring. Furthermore, key quantities of the nodal ring such as the band overlap energy, average ring radius, ring ellipticity, and the SOC-gap are determined from this comparative study. As temperature increases, $\sigma_1(\omega)$ shows a substantial change, suggesting that a $T$-driven evolution occurs in the nodal ring.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures + supplemental material (18 pages, 7 figures

Perceived marginalization and mental health of young adults with migration backgrounds in South Korea: exploring moderating and mediating mechanisms

This study explored the mediating effect of career maturity moderated by intimacy with parents and immigration backgrounds (native- or foreign-born young adults) on the relationship between perceived marginalization and the mental health of young adults with migration backgrounds (having mixed parentage of one Korean and one non-Korean immigrant parent) in South Korea. We collected data from 300 adults aged 25–34 with migration backgrounds (204 born in Korea and 96 born abroad) through the Gallup Research Institute of Korea and conducted a moderated-moderated mediation analysis using Model 21 of PROCESS Macro in SPSS. The analysis showed that career maturity moderated by intimacy with parents and migration backgrounds mediated the relationship between perceived marginalization and mental health. However, the results were only significant for participants who were born abroad and immigrated to Korea, and not for those who were born in Korea. These findings suggest that while greater perceived marginalization leads to lower career maturity and negatively impacts the mental health of foreign-born young adults, higher levels of intimacy with parents can buffer these negative effects

Characteristics and surgical outcomes of cleft palate in kabuki syndrome: a case series of 11 patients

Objective A significant number of patients with KS have cleft palate (CP) or submucous cleft palate (SMCP) and show delayed speech development. However, few reports have discussed the characteristics of CP in KS and the outcomes of postoperative speech development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and surgical outcomes of CP in patients with KS, and to discuss the importance of the diagnosis of CP or SMCP. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on patients with clinically diagnosed KS who underwent palatoplasty. Clinical and surgical data were collected from patients medical records, and velopharyngeal function was evaluated using nasopharyngoscopy and speech analysis. Results In 11 cases, 5 patients had CP (45.5%) and 6 had SMCP (54.5%). Four patients who were genetically tested had a pathogenic variant of KMT2D. Seven of nine patients (77.8%) who underwent conventional palatoplasty showed velopharyngeal insufficiency and hypernasality. All patients who underwent pharyngeal flap surgery achieved velopharyngeal competency. Statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in postoperative results between non-syndromic and KS patients. Conclusion Patients with SMCP may be more common than previously reported. The results showed that it is difficult to produce optimal results with conventional palatoplasty; therefore, pharyngeal flap surgery should be considered as a treatment to obtain favorable results. Pharyngeal flap surgery in patients with KS should be carefully designed based on speech evaluation and nasopharyngoscopic findings