Isolated anaemia as a manifestation of Rh isoimmunisation

Rh isoimmunisation leads to haemolytic anaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia in the first h of life. Isolated early onset neonatal anaemia has rarely been reported. The authors describe the case of a term infant, born to an 'A' negative, second gravida mother. On the second day of life, pallor was noticed. His haemoglobin (Hb) was 6.8 g/dl, he had reticulocytosis and a positive direct antiglobulin test. However, he did not have a high total serum bilirubin (TSB) (87.2 μmol/l). He was transfused with red blood cells and kept under phototherapy for 3 days. Three weeks later, he received another transfusion for severe anaemia (Hb 6 5 g/dl). During this period, he was never jaundiced and the maximum level of TSB was 122 μmol/l. On follow-up, his Hb stabilised and he had no further problems. This report highlights the possibility of early onset anaemia without jaundice as the sole manifestation of Rh isoimmunisation

Plane-symmetric inhomogeneous Brans-Dicke cosmology with an equation of state p=γρp=\gamma \rho

We present a new exact solution in Brans-Dicke theory. The solution describes inhomogeneous plane-symmetric perfect fluid cosmological model with an equation of state $p=\gamma \rho$. Some main properties of the solution are discussed.Comment: 6 pages, Late

Brane Isotropisation in Extra-Dimensional Tolman-Bondi Universe

We consider the dynamics of a 3-brane embedded in an extra-dimensional Tolman-Bondi Universe where the origin of space plays a special role. The embedding is chosen such that the induced matter distribution on the brane respects the spherical symmetry of matter in the extra dimensional space. The mirage cosmology on the probe brane is studied, resulting in an inhomogeneous and anisotropic four dimensional cosmology where the origin of space is also special. We then focus on the spatial geometry around the origin and show that the induced geometry, which is initially inhomogeneous and anisotropic, converges to an isotropic and homogeneous Friedmann-Lemaitre 4d space-time. For instance, when a 3-brane is embedded in a 5d matter dominated model, the 4d dynamics around the origin converge to a Friedmann-Lemaitre Universe in a radiation dominated epoch. We analyse this isotropisation process and show that it is a late time attractor.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, one reference adde

Ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva intermitente - experiência de 7 anos

Introduction: Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is a non invasive ventilation method that combines the benefits of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) and the cycles of positive pressure. Objectives: Description of the NIPPV experience in a neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: A descriptive study of newborns ventilated with NIPPV, from January 2002 to December 2008. Were considered two groups: the first group had mechanical ventilation before NIPPV, and in the second group the initial method was non-invasive ventilation. These 2 groups were subdivided: Group 1: sub-group A, NIPPV immediately after weaning and sub- group B, NIPPV after mechanical ventilation followed by NCPAP. The group 2 was sub-divided in sub-group C, NIPPV after NCPAP, and sub-group D, NIPPV as the initial mode of ventilation. Results: In group 1 we analysed 79 cycles of ventilation with 89% of success and in group 2 55 cycles, with 69% of success. Newborns in group 1 had a median weight of 925g and gestational age of 27 weeks and the group 2 had 1350g and 30 weeks, respectively. Conclusions: NIPPV was used mainly after conventional ventilation in lighter and immature babies, without relevant complications

Tratamientos de consolidación aplicados en materiales cerámicos: ¿Son homogéneos?

The mass consolidation treatment of azulejos is necessary when ceramic biscuits show signs of disaggregation. Such treatment is often used as a complementary conservation technique to the reestablishment of weakened glaze-ceramic bonds. In this research, two commonly used consolidants (ethyl silicate and acrylic resin) were tested on artisanal ceramic tiles via mass consolidation and the resulting impregnation profiles were evaluated. The results indicated that after consolidation, hard zones frequently formed due to localized consolidant concentration after the polymerization and curing processes. These inhomogeneous hard zones subsequently influenced the results obtained through conventional mechanical strength testing (i.e. flexural and compression), creating a false impression of success. This research demonstrated that by using the Drilling Resistance Measuring System, impregnation characteristics such as penetration depth and distribution of consolidant could be observed that otherwise could not be discerned through the more common testing methods. As such, a more extensive evaluation of consolidation effects was achieved.En la conservación de los azulejos alterados se utilizan productos con acción consolidante a fin de recuperar la cohesión del cuerpo cerámico disgregado. En este trabajo se investiga el efecto de la consolidación de dos productos muy utilizados en la práctica de la conservación de los azulejos (un silicato de etilo comercial y una resina acrílica), aplicados en un material cerámico artesanal. Los resultados obtenidos indican que pueden producirse zonas con resistencias mayores debido a la concentración local del producto y, a la vez de un material consolidado homogéneo, resulta un material heterogéneo. Por otro lado, la existencia de estas zonas puede conducir a falsos resultados en los ensayos destructivos (resistencia mecánica a la flexión y compresión) utilizados frecuentemente en la evaluación de la acción de consolidación. Se demuestra que mediante el uso de la resistencia a la perforación (DRMS) es posible definir las características, la distribución y el patrón de impregnación, los cuales no pueden ser observadas por los métodos comúnmente utilizados

Generating G2G_2--cosmologies with perfect fluid in dilaton gravity

We present a method for generating exact diagonal $G_2$-cosmological solutions in dilaton gravity coupled to a radiation perfect fluid and with a cosmological potential of a special type. The method is based on the symmetry group of the system of $G_2$-field equations. Several new classes of explicit exact inhomogeneous perfect fluid scalar-tensor cosmologies are presented.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe

Stability analysis of cosmological models through Liapunov's method

We investigate the general asymptotic behaviour of Friedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) models with an inflaton field, scalar-tensor FRW cosmological models and diagonal Bianchi-IX models by means of Liapunov's method. This method provides information not only about the asymptotic stability of a given equilibrium point but also about its basin of attraction. This cannot be obtained by the usual methods found in the literature, such as linear stability analysis or first order perturbation techniques. Moreover, Liapunov's method is also applicable to non-autonomous systems. We use this advantadge to investigate the mechanism of reheating for the inflaton field in FRW models.Comment: Latex file, 8 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in Class. & Quant. Gra

Tachyon warm inflationary universe model in the weak dissipative regime

Warm inflationary universe model in a tachyon field theory is studied in the weak dissipative regime. We develop our model for an exponential potential and the dissipation parameter $\Gamma=\Gamma_0$=constant. We describe scalar and tensor perturbations for this scenario.Comment: 9 pages, accepted by European Physical Journal

Sufficient conditions for curvature invariants to avoid divergencies in Hyperextended Scalar Tensor theory for Bianchi models

We look for sufficient conditions such that the scalar curvature, Ricci and Kretchmann scalars be bounded in Hyperextended Scalar Tensor theory for Bianchi models. We find classes of gravitation functions and Brans-Dicke coupling functions such that the theories thus defined avoid the singularity. We compare our results with these found by Rama in the framework of the Generalised Scalar Tensor theory for the FLRW models.Comment: 13 page

Scaling solutions from interacting fluids

We examine the dynamical implications of an interaction between some of the fluid components of the universe. We consider the combination of three matter components, one of which is a perfect fluid and the other two are interacting. The interaction term generalizes the cases found in scalar field cosmologies with an exponential potential. We find that attracting scaling solutions are obtained in several regions of parameter space, that oscillating behaviour is possible, and that new curvature scaling solutions exist. We also discuss the inflationary behaviour of the solutions and present some of the constraints on the strength of the coupling, namely those arising from nucleosynthesis.Comment: RevTeX, 21 pages, 8 figure