Neumomediastino espontáneo en un paciente con COVID-19. Reporte de caso.: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in patients with COVID-19. Case report.

Introduction: Pneumomediastinum is an infrequent and rare pathology. The typical radiological manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia consist of the presence of bilateral pulmonary opacities, of peripheral distribution. In a recent series of patients with COVID-19, it indicates that 1% of patients can develop spontaneous pneumomediastinum as a complication, it is generally benign and it is not yet clear that this may be an indicator of worsening. Clinical Case: This is a 43-year-old male patient who presented a 15-day illness characterized by pharyngeal pain, fever, chest pain and respiratory distress, receiving multiple antiviral and antibiotic treatment schemes without response, for which he attended to Rebagliati Hospital where he was found respiratory failure, hypoxemia and sepsis. His tomography was compatible with ground glass infiltrate, areas of bilateral lung consolidation, and pneumomediastinum. It did not require surgical treatment and it evolved favorably to pneumonia with a decrease in inflammatory markers and remission of pneumomediastinum in tomographic control. Conclusion: This report highlights that in COVID-19 infection the pulmonary complications to take into account are bilateral pneumonia, bacterial coinfection, sepsis and spontaneous pneumomediastinum.Introducción: El neumomediastino es una patología poco frecuente y rara. Las manifestaciones radiológicas típicas en los pacientes en neumonía por SARS-CoV-2 consiste en la presencia de opacidades pulmonares bilaterales, de distribución periférica. En una reciente serie de pacientes con COVID-19 indica que el 1% de los pacientes pueden desarrollar neumomediastino espontáneo como complicación, generalmente es de curso benigno y no se aclara aún que ello puede suponer un indicador de agravamiento. Caso Clínico: Se trata de un paciente varón de 43 años que presentó un tiempo de enfermedad de 15 días caracterizado por dolor faríngeo, fiebre, dolor torácico y dificultad respiratoria, recibiendo múltiples esquemas de tratamiento tanto antiviral y antibióticos sin respuesta, por lo que acudió al Hospital Rebagliati donde se le encontró insuficiencia respiratoria, hipoxemia y sepsis. Su tomografía fue compatible con infiltrado en vidrio deslustrado, áreas de consolidación pulmonar bilateral y neumomediastino. No requirió tratamiento quirúrgico y evolucionó favorablemente a la neumonía con disminución de marcadores inflamatorios y remisión de neumomediastino en control tomográfico. Conclusión: Este reporte resalta que en la infección por COVID-19 las complicaciones pulmonares a tener en cuenta son la neumonía bilateral, coinfección bacteriana, sepsis y neumomediastino espontáneo

PERSPECTIVA AMBIENTAL DE LAS COCINAS SOLARES EN LA ZONA ALTOANDINA DE TACNA

La población altoandina de Tacna, en su gran mayoría, usa leña, bosta y yareta como fuentes de energía, para cocinar sus alimentos; esto ocasiona emisión de CO2 por combustión, contaminación atmosférica y sus consecuencias globales. El trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el impacto ambiental que produciría el uso de Cocinas Solares en la zona objetivo. Desde el punto de vista de la perspectiva ambiental que tienen las cocinas solares, los resultados obtenidos nos permiten concluir que su aplicación masiva es una alternativa de solución para la zona altoandina de Tacna, que permitirá revertir la situación actual causando impactos positivos significativos, como la reducción de la deforestación, reducción de la migración y extinción de especies, disminución de enfermedades respiratorias, reducción de la degradación de los suelos, mejoras en la calidad de la dieta alimenticia y por lo tanto una mejor calidad de vida de la población

CONSTRUCCIÓN Y EVALUACIÓN DE UNA COCINA/HORNO SOLAR TIPO CAJA

Una de las alternativas de solución al problema de la contaminación ambiental y la deforestación es el uso masivo de tecnologías que aprovechen la energía solar como fuente de energía primaria; entre estas tecnologías se encuentran las cocinas solares, las que se han desarrollado y probado con éxito en diferentes partes del mundo. En nuestro país aún se están realizando los primeros programas de investigación y difusión. Este proyecto tiene como objetivo demostrar que las cocinas solares tipo caja pueden ser usadas en nuestra región con éxito. Para evaluar nuestra cocina solar se ha aplicado un procedimiento Internacional estandarizado. Los resultados obtenidos han sido satisfactorios, llegándose a obtener temperaturas por encima de los 100°C en la cámara de cocción, lo que nos permitirá preparar algunos alimentos de los más comunes en la región

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Chitosan-based delivery of avian reovirus fusogenic protein p10 gene: in vitro and in vivo studies towards a new vaccine against melanoma

Reovirus is known to have an anticancer effect in both the preclinical and clinical assays. Current evidence suggests that the reovirus-mediated impact on tumor growth depends on the activation of specific antitumor immune responses. A feasible explanation for the oncolytic effects and immune system activation is through the expression of the fusogenic reovirus protein. In this work, we evaluated thein vivoantitumor effects of the expression of fusogenic protein p10 of avian reovirus (ARV-p10). We used chitosan nanoparticles (CH-NPs) as a vehicle for the ARV-p10 DNA in murine B16 melanoma models bothin vitroandin vivo. We confirmed that ARV-p10 delivery through a chitosan-based formulation (ARV-p10 CH-NPs) was capable of inducing cell fusion in cultured melanoma cells, showing a mild cytotoxic effect. Interestingly, intratumor injection of ARV-p10 CH-NPs delayed tumor growth, without changing lymphoid populations in the tumor tissue and spleen. The injection of chitosan nanoparticles (CH-NPs) also delayed tumor growth, suggesting the nanoparticle itself would attack tumor cells. In conclusion, we proved thatin vitroARV-p10 protein expression using CH-NPs in murine melanoma cells induces a cytotoxic effect associated with its cell fusion. Further studies are necessary for establishing a protocol for efficientin vivoDNA delivery of fusion proteins to produce an antitumoral effect.Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 1161015 11140731 11140915 1180666 Programa de Equipamiento Cientifico y Tecnologico EQM150069 EQM190024 Direccion de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica 021943AC 021801LR 021801MB Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica 21171377 Fondap 15130011 Fondequip EQM 150069 16003

TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access

10.1111/gcb.14904GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY261119-18