Can we profit from a loss and still expect substantial gains? Grammatical metaphors as discourse builders and translational choices

The present paper starts from proposed points of synergy between Halliday’s (1998) grammatical metaphors and conceptual metaphors as proposed in Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Ritchie & Zhu, 2015) and concentrates on the nature and function of lexical choices in expert texts on economics in English and their translations in Croatian. The paper identifies and inspects the proposed instantiation types of grammatical metaphor (e.g. nominalizations and transformations to a verb or adjective as instances of transcategorization, taking place not only between lexical items, but also between syntactic categories and through series of transformations. Translational choices and strategies employed in their Croatian translations are then examined to determine the degree of overlap in the adoption and use of grammatical metaphor as both a language possibility and a translation strategy. The choice of translations of economics discourse from English into Croatian aims to test the hypothesis that translations, especially literal ones and those of novel metaphors may introduce new linguistic metaphors in the target language (Samaniego Fernández et al., 2005)

Uticaj jonskog sastava zemljišta na halofite

The concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the root and above­ground organs of three halophyte species (Salicornia europaea, Suaeda maritima and Salsola soda) as well as in the soil where they grew from maritime and inland saline areas were investigated. The aim of the research was to evaluate the capability of some halophyte species to absorb different cations and to find if a differentiation of salt accumulation between the populations from inland and maritime saline areas exists. In five analyzed localities (Tivatska solila, Ulcinj salina, Slano Kopovo, Melenci and Okanj), the external Na+ concentrations exceeded those of the other investigated cations. The investigated halophytes accumulated more Na+ than Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+ and more cations were recorded in the above-ground organs than in the root. The populations from maritime saline areas generally had higher cation concentrations than plants from inland saline areas.U ovom radu su ispitivane koncentracije Na+, K+, Ca2+ i Mg2+ u korenu i nadzemnim biljnim organima kod tri halofitske vrste (Salicornia europaea, Suaeda maritima i Salsola soda), kao i sastav zemljišta na kojima ove biljke rastu sa maritimnih i kontinentalnih halobioma. Cilj rada je bio da se utvrdi sposobnost halofitskih vrsta da apsorbuju različite katjone, kao i da se ispita da li postoji diferencijacija populacija sa maritimnih i kontinentalnih halobioma u odnosu na sposobnost njihove akumulacije soli. U zemljištu kod pet analiziranih lokaliteta (Tivatska solila, Ulcinjska solana, Slano Kopovo, Melenci i Okanj) je konstatovana veća koncentracija Na+ u odnosu na druge katjone. Istraživane halofitske vrste akumuliraju više Na+ nego Mg2+, Ca2+ i K+. Takođe, veća koncentracija katjona zabeležena je u nadzemnim organima, nego u korenu. U vegetativnim organima populacija sa maritimnih halobioma konstatovana je veća koncentracija katjona u poređenju sa biljkama sa kontinentalnih halobioma

Acquired hemophilia A secondary to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: a case report

The acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a life-threatening condition. The incidence of AHA is extremely low, which requires a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. This is case report of 73-year-old man who presented with AHA secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia. The patient had extensive skin bleeding and hematomas. In the coagulation screening tests activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was prolonged with normal prothrombin time (PT), which was indication for further investigation. The APTT in a mixing study with normal plasma did not correct so clotting factors inhibitors were suspected. With signs of bleeding, extremely low factor VIII (FVIII) activity (2%) and presence of FVIII inhibitors, AHA was diagnosed and treatment initiated. Patient was treated with factor eight inhibitor bypassing agent (FEIBA) for three days, followed by long-term corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide therapy. Malignant and autoimmune diseases as the most common causes of AHA were ruled out. The patient had a good response to therapy with gradual normalization of APTT and FVIII activity. To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first reported case of de novo AHA after SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The diagnosis of AHA should be suspected in a patient with bleeding into the skin and mucous membranes without a previous personal and family history of bleeding, and with isolated prolonged APTT. It is important to investigate any isolated prolongation of APTT in cooperation with clinical laboratory experts

Pulmonary Rhodococcus equi infection in a renal transplant patient: case report with review of literature

Aim: Rhodococcus equi (R. equi) is an opportunistic, Gram-positive coccobacillus, largely unknown and whose infections are often misdiagnosed in transplant patients. The aim of this article is to acquaint the medical public with R. equi infections in order to include them in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in transplanted and immunocompromised patients. Case report: We report a case of a renal transplant patient with a productive cough. Chest X-ray showed pulmonary infiltrate. Three months into the disease R. equi was identified in the sputum. Treatment with vancomycin, azithromycin and levofloxacin rendered the improvement in a few months. To the authors\u27 knowledge, this is the first case of R. equi infection in a renal transplant patient in Croatia. Conclusion: Since the clinical presentation and diagnostic results can be unspecific and misleading, R. equi infections are often misdiagnosed and might be more frequent than usually thought. There is a need for establishing treatment guidelines, as inconsistent antimicrobial combinations of various duration were reported in literature

The importance of local community attitudes for sustainable tourism in protected areas: The case of Tikvara Nature Park, Serbia

One of the most important elements of tourism development is encouraging the participation of the local community. In order to encourage their participation, it is necessary to be aware of the attitudes of the local residents with respect to the development of tourism. The aim of this research is to determine the attitudes of the local community towards the development of sustainable tourism and ecotourism in the protected area Tikvara, along with the local residents’ level of nature protection and preservation in the Tikvara Nature Park. A survey was conducted among 301 residents and the results indicate that while good community support for sustainable tourism activities in each area captured by the survey (planning, participation, activities, and decision-making) exists, local residents’ attitudes are affected by their sociodemographic characteristics. Nonetheless, a large number of locals were happy to participate in protection programs and believed that the environment should be protected for future generations to enjoy the natural and cultural resources of this area. These findings should be considered when designing sustainable tourism management strategies, while respecting the needs and rights of the local community, as the willingness of locals to develop sustainable tourism is essential for the success of this sector

The role of ecotourism in community development: The case of the Zasavica Special Nature Reserve, Serbia

This study explores local community attitudes toward ecotourism as a form of sustainable tourism in the Zasavica Special Nature Reserve in Serbia using the Sustainable Tourism Attitude Scale (SUS-TAS). Residents of the Zasavica Special Nature Reserve acknowledge the sociocultural and economic benefits of ecotourism development while recognizing the negative impacts of development on the natural environment. Low awareness of non-charismatic species among residents contrasts with strong awareness of them among large communities of scientists and naturalists in Serbia. This study shows the importance of local community support for ecotourism and conservation development. Moreover, the study revealed that the SUS-TAS scale can be successfully applied in ecotourism research

Structural adaptation of Salsola soda L. (Chenopodiaceae) from inland and maritime saline area

The microscopic analysis of leaf and stem in two populations of Salsola soda was carried out in order to examine mechanism of anatomical adaptations to environmental condition on saline habitats and to determine if there exists a morpho-anatomical differentiation between populations from maritime and inland saline area. Analysis included 26 quantitative characters of leaf and stem. The results showed that both populations exhibited halomorphic and xeromorphic adaptations, which refered to ecological plasticity and adaptations of plants to their habitats. Our research also showed that S. soda had quite a stable morphoanatomical structure, since only quantitative changes were recorded. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 173002

Sadržaj i distribucija žive (Hg) u kućnoj prašini i zemljištu grada Šida

Mercury (Hg) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are components of household dust and are a risk for human health. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of Hg and PTEs in household dust in individual housing facilities in the town of Šid, Serbia and their correlation to the content of the elements found in the surrounding garden soil. Total of 64 samples of household dust were collected from 16 locations of individual housing facilities on 4 occasions. Samples of surrounding yard and garden soil were simultaneously collected. None of the 64 analysed soil samples exceeded the threshold limit (TL) prescribed by law for non-agricultural soil, which is 0.3 mg kg-1 DM. Content of Hg in household dust was much higher than in the surrounding soil and ranged from 0.005 to 1.566 mg kg-1 DM. The resulting values of PTEs (As, B, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in household dust had a significantly higher range than in the soil. Contents of Hg, B, Cu, and Zn were much higher in household dust than in the soil. According to the results of correlations of the analysed elements in household dust and surrounding soil, and according to the analysed locations, direct effect of Hg and PTEs contents on the content of the same elements in household dust was not confirmed.Živa i potencijalno toksični elementi (PTE) kao sastavni deo kućne prašine predstavljaju rizik za ljudsko zdravlje. Cilj ovog rada je utvrđivanje koncentracija Hg i PTE u kućnoj prašini, u objektima individualnog stanovanja, grada Šida i njihova veza sa sadržajem elemenata u okolnom zemljištu baštâ i okućnica. Uzeto je 64 uzorka kućne prašine na 16 lokacija individualnog stanovanja u četiri vremenska perioda. Istovremeno su uzeti uzorci okolnog zemljišta okućnicâ i baštâ. Nijedan od 64 ispitivana uzorka zemljišta ne prelazi zakonski propisanu graničnu vrednost (GV) za nepoljoprivredno zemljište od 0,3 mg kg-1 SM. Sadržaj Hg u kućnoj prašini je mnogo viši od okolnog zemljišta i kretao se u intervalu od 0,005 do 1,566 mg kg-1 SM. Dobijene vrednosti PTE (As, B, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) u kućnoj prašini imaju statistički značajan veći raspon u odnosu na zemljište. Sadržaj Hg, B, Cu, Zn je mnogo veći u kućnoj prašini u odnosu na okolno zemljište. Prema dobijenim korelacijama posmatranih elemenata u prašini i zemljištu, kao i prema posmatranim lokacijama, generalno nije utvrđen direktni uticaj sadržaja Hg i PTE u zemljištu na sadržaj ovih elemenata u kućnoj prašini

PREGLED ŽENSKE SPOLNE FUNKCIJE S PRIKAZOM HRVATSKOG PRIJEVODA INDEKSA ŽENSKE SPOLNE FUNKCIJE

Introduction: The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a questionnaire used to assess female sexual function and diagnose sexual dysfunction (SD). Aim: to provide a Croatian translation of the FSFI. Methods: The translation procedure consisted of creating two independent forward translations, merging them into a single forward translation, creating a back translation, comparing the back translation with the original, and deciding on a fi nal translation. Results: no semantic differences were found when comparing the back translation with the original. Therefore, minimal changes were made to the earlier translation when the fi nal translation was created. Conclusions: The Croatian translation of the FSFI is now available for assessing the widespread problem of female SD in the Croatian-speaking population.Uvod: Indeks ženske seksualne funkcije (engl. Female Sexual Function Index, FSFI) je upitnik koji se rabi za procjenu ženske seksualne funkcije i dijagnosticiranje seksualne disfunkcije (SD). Cilj: prikazati prijevod upitnika FSFI na hrvatski jezik. Postupci: Postupak prevođenja sastojao se od stvaranja dvaju neovisnih prijevoda upitnika s engleskog na hrvatski jezik, njihovog spajanja u jedan prijevod, ponovnog prevođenja stvorene hrvatske inačice upitnika na engleski jezik te usporedbe konačne inačice prijevoda s originalnim upitnikom i konačnih prilagodba fi nalne verzije prijevoda. Rezultati: Nisu pronađene semantičke razlike pri usporedbi hrvatskog prijevoda s originalnom verzijom upitnika. Stoga su napravljene minimalne promjene u prvoj verziji prijevoda pri stvaranju konačnog prijevoda. Zaključak: Hrvatski prijevod upitnika FSFI je sada na raspolaganju za ispitivanje raširenog problema SD u ženskoj populaciji hrvatskog govornog područja