Interview with Barbara Mikulski by Brien Williams

Biographical NoteBarbara Ann Mikulski was born on July 20, 1936, and grew up in the Highlandtown neighborhood of East Baltimore, Maryland. She attended Mount Saint Agnes College and received her M.S.W. from the University of Maryland School of Social Work. She became a social worker, community organizer, and Baltimore city councilor, and she made an unsuccessful bid for the U.S. Senate in 1974 before winning election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976. After serving in the House for ten years, she ran for the U.S. Senate in 1986, becoming the first elected woman Democratic U.S. senator. She has won numerous re-elections and continued to serve in the Senate as its longest-serving female senator at the time of this interview. SummaryInterview includes discussion of: Mikulski’s run for the Senate in 1986 and Mitchell’s DSCC role in supporting her campaign; Mitchell dancing with Mikulski at a fund raiser; Mikulski’s reception in the Senate as a female senator; Mikulski-Mitchell ‘spousal impoverishment’ amendment; committee assignments during Mikulski’s first term; women in Congress; DSCC Women’s Senate Network; women’s issues worth legislating and fighting for in the Senate; Mitchell’s qualities as a leader; common constituent interests among ‘coastal senators;’ NAFTA; how Mitchell related to women; Mikulski’s reaction to Mitchell’s retirement from the Senate; Mitchell’s legacy as Senate leader

for Space Telescopes

et al., L. Williams et al.), with the red overlays indicating the degree of lensing magnification. Differences in the detailed structure of the models reflect different approaches used by the different teams, while their overall similarity across the cluster field is highly encouraging for their use in determining the properties of lensed background galaxies. The Barbara A. Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) is one of NASA’s premier astronomy data centers, along with the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) and the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA). MAST is the primary archive repository for data from several large, active space missions (Hubble, Kepler, XMM-OM and Swift-UVOT), legacy data from past missions (GALEX, FUSE, IUE, EUVE, and others), planned data from future missions, such as James Webb Space Telescope, and all-sky surveys such as VLA-FIRST, GSC and DSS. MAST supports the scientific research carried out by the astronomical community by facilitating access to its collections, offering expert user support and software for calibration and analysis, and providing value-added scientific data products. These include high-level science products (HLSPs) such as mosaics, catalogs, and spectra delivered to MAST by science teams, as well as enhanced products accessible via the Hubble Legacy Archive (HLA). As of March 2014, the total volume of MAST’s data holdings was approximately 296 terabytes (TB), with an average of 18 TB of data downloaded per month. Current MAST news and updates are continuously posted on our main archive sit