FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIA EDUCATION IN RUSSIA IN THE PERIOD FROM THE 18th CENTURY UP TO THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS

Purpose: Analysis of the formation and development of media education in Russia during the 18th – early 20th centuries. The main emphasis is placed on the formation of media education in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. Methodology: The methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach, which was implemented using the content analysis of scientific publications on the topic of research; generalization and analysis of empirical-static data; comparative historical analysis of objectively observed trends and patterns in the formation in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century of the prototype of the modern media educational environment. Results: From a historical point of view, media education is the process of studying the impact of mass media on public consciousness, perception of reality, as well as on the ability of individuals or social groups to use media educational technologies as part of an increment of individual and collective knowledge; Media education, representing a new area for interdisciplinary research, is of high practical value to society. This value lies in teaching people new ways of understanding, processing and critically perceiving information. Application: The introduction of media educational technologies in the scientific and educational sphere will allow for better preparation of students and citizens in general for life in the modern information society. Novelty/originality: The article demonstrates that media education is not the result of the transition from an industrial to a post-industrial information society (as is commonly accepted now), but the result of experience that allows for qualified use of mass media (both traditional and modern) for social, economic, scientific and other interactions and in some cases – promotion of the state ideology in the collective consciousness