ACCIDENT REASONS AND CONSEQUENCES ON HYDROTECHNICAL CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE POND NEAR NOVOSELKI VILLAGE

In the article some problems that arise during the construction of spillway and backwater structures are considered. As an example we use the object near Novoselki village in Sergiev-Posad district of the Moscow Region. In the process of the hydraulic structures reconstruction the serious deviations from the project were made and the quality of construction works turned out to be very bad. These factors led to the accident on spillway structures. In order to avoid such situations it is necessary to design small hydrotechnical constructions with maximum simplified structures which could withstand overproject work conditions. The main conclusion is the following: the reliability of the designed structures depends mostly on contracting organizations qualification. The strictures were operating well on the objects where the contracting organization was high-skilled. The structures were built not according to the project and with poor quality on the objects built by unqualified contracting agencies. As a result they were damaged or even destructed. That’s why its necessary to choose the constructive decisions that are difficult to “spoil”: provide automatic water disposal through waste chute, don’t use slope protection made of precast concrete slabs

Stability of human gut microbiome: Comparison of ecological modelling and observational approaches

The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in the human body, and perturbations in its composition have been linked to various disorders. Stability is an essential property of a healthy human gut microbiome, which allows it to maintain its functional richness under the external influences. This property has been explored through two distinct methodologies - mathematical modelling based on ecological principles and statistical analysis drawn from observations in interventional studies. Here we conducted a meta-analysis aimed to compare the two approaches utilising the data from 9 interventional and time series studies encompassing 3512 gut microbiome profiles obtained via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. By employing the previously published compositional Lotka-Volterra method, we modelled the dynamics of the microbial community and evaluated ecological stability measures. These measures were compared to those based on observed microbiome changes. There was a substantial correlation between the outcomes of the two approaches. Particularly, local stability assessed within the ecological paradigm was positively correlated with observational stability measures accounting for the compositional nature of microbiome data. Additionally, we were able to reproduce the previously reported inverse relationship between the community's robustness to microorganism loss and local stability, attributed to the distinct impacts of coefficient characterising the network decomposition on these two stability assessments. Our findings demonstrate harmonisation between the ecological and observational approaches to microbiome analysis, advancing the understanding of healthy gut microbiome concept. This paves the way to develop efficient microbiome-targeting interventions for disease prevention and treatment

Trajectory of hiPSCs derived neural progenitor cells differentiation into dermal papilla-like cells and their characteristics

Abstract Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) play roles in key functions of the epidermis such as hair generation. The use of human induced pluripotent cells (hiPSCs) makes it possible to obtain DP-like cells and study the molecular mechanisms of DPC development during embryogenesis. In this work, we studied the phenotypic trajectory of hiPSCs during their differentiation into DP-like cells and evaluated the epithelial-mesenchymal interaction potential of the resulting cell line. Specifically, we differentiated hiPSCs into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and subsequently into DP-like cells. Analysis of bulk RNA-seq data during this process enabled us to observe gene expression dynamics during five stages of dermal differentiation. Furthermore, functional assays (organoids in both collagen gels and hanging drop cultures and tubulogenesis assays) revealed that the dermal cell lines we generated could interact with epidermal cells