Relationships among curricular and extra-curricular activities and fundamental competencies for working persons

Two kinds of data analysis methods were applied to the retrospective survey data collected by Morita, Shimizu, and Funaba (2012) to determine which university education programs and activities influence the　alumni’s job performance. The result by correspondence analysis among university programs and activities　and the fundamental competencies for working persons defined by the Japanese Ministry of Economy,　Trade and Industry (2007) indicated the following four clusters: (1) seminar and one’s ability to deliver　opinions clearly, to analyze the status quo, and to clarify issues; (2) curriculum and one’s foreign language　ability; (3) extra-curricular activities and one’s ability to listen carefully to others’ opinions and to influence and involve others; and (4) one’s activities outside university and the ability to create new values. The causal relationships among the actual degrees of curricular and extra-curricular activities in university, the utility of such activities in university life, and the three factors extracted from the responses to the questions of the fundamental competencies were also analyzed by the path analysis method. Activities outside university affected most significantly the alumni’s ability to solve issues, while a few activitiesrelated to university life affected their ability to collaborate with various people and to manage stress. The methodological issues with the alumni survey were also discussed along with the implications of these findings.大学における教育プログラムと活動が，卒業生の仕事の遂行に与える影響について明らかにするために，森田・清水・船場（2011）によって収集された回想的調査データに2 種類の分析方法論を適用した。経済産業省（2007）によって定義された社会人基礎力と大学におけるプログラム，活動の関係についての対応分析による結果から，以下の4クラスタが得られた：⑴ゼミと自分の意見を分かりやすく伝える力，現状を分析し課題を明らかにする力，⑵講義と語学力，⑶正課外活動と相手の意見を丁寧に聴く力，他人に働きかけ巻き込む力，そして，⑷学外での活動と新しい価値を生み出す力，である。大学の正課・正課外活動，大学生活における幾つかの活動の有用性，そして基礎能力についての質問項目から抽出された3つの因子の因果関係について，パス解析による分析を行った。学外での活動は，課題解決力に対して最も有意に影響していた。大学生活における少数の活動が対人関係力，ストレス耐性力に影響していた。卒業生調査における方法論的問題とこれらの知見について考察を行った

Magnetic properties of Fe implanted SrTiO3 perovskite crystal

The results of investigations of magnetic properties of SrTiO3 perovskite crystal implanted with 40 keV Fe ions at the fluencies between 0.5 × 1017 and 1.5 × 1017 ion/cm2 are presented. It has been revealed that high-fluency implantation with Fe ions results in the formation of a granular metal particulate composite in the irradiated near-surface layer of SrTiO3 substrate, which exhibits remarkable ferromagnetic behavior. The measurements of the temperature dependence of the magnetic moment showed that the samples exhibit blocking temperature at about 350 K, above which a superparamagnetic behavior has been observed. Ferromagnetic ordering and magnetic hysteresis loops were observed in Fe implanted SrTiO3 at the temperatures lower than 350 K. It has been shown that the magnetization of the ferromagnetic state depends on the fluency of implantation. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Magnetic phase composition of strontium titanate implanted with iron ions

Thin magnetic films were synthesized by means of implantation of iron ions into single-crystalline (1 0 0) substrates of strontium titanate. Depth-selective conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (DCEMS) indicates that origin of the samples magnetism is α-Fe nanoparticles. Iron-substituted strontium titanate was also identified but with paramagnetic behaviour at room temperature. Surface magneto-optical Kerr effect (SMOKE) confirms that the films reveal superparamagnetism (the low-fluence sample) or ferromagnetism (the high-fluence sample), and demonstrate absence of magnetic in-plane anisotropy. These findings highlight iron implanted strontium titanate as a promising candidate for composite multiferroic material and also for gas sensing applications. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Magnetic resonance and magnetization in Fe implanted BaTiO3 crystal

© 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. The results of investigations of the magnetic properties of Fe implanted barium titanate (BaTiO3) perovskite crystal are presented. It has been revealed that the implantation with Fe+ ions at a fluence of 0.75×1017 ions/cm2 results in the formation of iron nanoparticles with mean size of 5 nm in the implanted surface layer of BaTiO3 substrate. Room temperature magnetic resonance measurements have shown Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectra originated from Fe3+ ions in the BaTiO3 substrate, as well as ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectrum from the Fe-implanted surface layer, exhibiting the out-of-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. On the other hand, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) measurements of the static magnetization have shown that the composite Fe:BaTiO3 system displays superparamagnetic response at room temperature, and evident ferromagnetic behavior with an easy-plane magnetic anisotropy at temperature below 100 K. The observed magnetic anisotropy is discussed on a model of strong magnetic dipolar interaction between superparamagnetic nanoparticles of iron within the granular composite film formed in a result of the high-fluence implantation

Structural and magnetic studies of Co and Fe implanted BaTiO 3 crystals

Singly-charged Co or Fe ions with energy 40 keV were implanted into single-domain ferroelectric plates of barium titanate (BaTiO 3) with high fluences in the range of (0.5-1.5) × 10 17 ion/cm 2 to create new magnetoelectric materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) studies have shown that high-fluence implantation with 3d-ions results in formation of cobalt or iron nanoparticles in the near-surface irradiated region of perovskite-type crystal. With increasing the fluence, the both Co- and Fe-implanted BaTiO 3 samples reveal at first superparamagnetic, and then ferromagnetic properties at room temperature. Analysis of magnetic hysteresis loops measured in the in-plane and out-of-plane geometries have shown that ferromagnetic BaTiO 3:Co(Fe) nanocomposite layers display the "easy plane" magnetic anisotropy similar to that found for thin granular magnetic films. Together with our previous observation of the magnetoelectric effect in these samples, our structural and magnetic investigations show that the ion implantation is suitable to synthesize the desired magnetoelectric nanocomposite materials. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Structural, magnetic and magnetoelectric studies of BaTiO3:Co nanocomposite films formed by ion-beam methods

Thin-film samples of ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3) with cobalt nanoparticles were obtained by using either ion implantation or ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) techniques. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, magnetometry and ferromagnetic resonance to investigate the efficiency of above ion-beam methods in the synthesis of magnetoelectric nanocomposite materials. Our structural studies show that high-fluence implantation with Co+ ions results in the formation of cobalt nanoparticles with mean size of 5 nm in thin surface layer of monocrystalline plate of BaTiO3. On the other hand, larger nanoparticles of cobalt with sizes from 5 up to 40 nm are formed in polycrystalline BaTiO3 matrix only after high-temperature annealing of BaTiO3:Co composite film prepared by IBSD method. Both types of thin-film nanocomposite samples have similar magnetic hysteresis curves in the sample plane. However Co-implanted BaTiO3 reveals strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropy for out-of-plane orientation, while BaTiO3:Co nanocomposite film demonstrates almost isotropic magnetic response. Strong magnetoelectric effect are observed in Co-implanted BaTiO3, and no magnetoelectric coupling are detected in BaTiO3:Co nanocomposite film formed by IBSD with subsequent high-temperature annealing. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Ion beam synthesis and investigation of nanocomposite multiferroics based on barium titanate with 3d metal nanoparticles

Samples of nanocomposite multiferroics have been synthesized by implantation of Co+, Fe+, and Ni+ ions with an energy of 40 keV into ferroelectric barium titanate plates to doses in the range (0.5-1.5) × 1017 ions/cm2. It has been found that nanoparticles of metallic iron, cobalt, or nickel are formed in the barium titanate layer subjected to ion bombardment. With an increase in the implantation dose, the implanted samples sequentially exhibit superparamagnetic, soft magnetic, and, finally, strong ferromagnetic properties at room temperature. The average sizes of ion-synthesized 3d-metal nanoparticles vary in the range from 5 to 10 nm depending on the implantation dose. Investigation of the orientation dependence of the magnetic hysteresis loops has demonstrated that the samples show a uniaxial ("easy plane") magnetic anisotropy typical of thin granular magnetic films. Ferromagnetic BaTiO3: 3d metal samples are characterized by a significant shift of the ferromagnetic resonance signal in an external electric field, as well as by a large (in magnitude) magnetodielectric effect at room temperature. These results indicate that there is a strong magnetoelectric coupling between the ferroelectric barium titanate matrix and ion-synthesized nanoparticles of magnetic metals. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd