9 research outputs found

    Malnutrition as assessed by nutritional risk index is associated with worse outcome in patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure: an ACAP-HF data analysis

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    Malnutrition is common at hospital admission and tends to worsen during hospitalization. This controlled population study aimed to determine if serum albumin or moderate and severe nutritional depletion by Nutritional Risk Index (NRI) at hospital admission are associated with increased length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Serum albumin levels and lymphocyte counts were retrospectively determined at hospital admission in 1740 consecutive patients admitted with primary and secondary diagnosis of ADHF. The Nutrition Risk Score (NRI) developed originally in AIDS and cancer populations was derived from the serum albumin concentration and the ratio of actual to usual weight, as follows: NRI = (1.519 × serum albumin, g/dL) + {41.7 × present weight (kg)/ideal body weight(kg)}. Patients were classified into four groups as no, mild, moderate or severe risk by NRI. Multiple logistic regressions were used to determine the association between nutritional risk category and LOS

    Tratamiento nutricional en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal Nutritional management of inflammatory bowel disease

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    Los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal presentan mayor riesgo de malnutrición. Por este motivo es muy frecuente que se precise un adecuado soporte nutricional. En estos pacientes se debe utilizar la nutrición enteral a menos que existan contraindicaciones. El soporte nutricional como tratamiento primario no está indicado en adultos (al haberse demostrado una mayor eficacia del tratamiento esteroideo) salvo en caso de intolerancia o falta de respuesta al tratamiento médico. Por el contrario, la nutrición enteral se considera el tratamiento de primera línea en niños. No existe un claro beneficio con el uso de fórmulas específicas (grasa modificada, glutamina...) por lo que no se aconseja su uso rutinario. A pesar de los grandes avances técnicos y científicos existen aún numerosos campos en los que ampliar conocimientos; algunos de los mismos se esbozan en la presente publicación.Patients with inflammatory bowel disease present higher risk for hyponutrition. For this reason, an adequate nutritional support is frequently needed. In these patients, enteral nutrition should be used unless there exist contraindications. Nutritional support as the primary therapy is no indicated in adults (since steroidal therapy has shown to be more effective) but in the case of intolerance or lack of response to medical treatment. By contrast, enteral nutrition is considered a first line therapy in children. There is no clear benefit with the use of specific formulas (modified fat, glutamine...), so that their routine use is not recommended. In spite of the great technical and scientific advances, there are still many fields in which knowledge should be broaden; some of them are pointed out in this publication

    Gastroenteropatía pierde proteínas: ¿causa olvidada de hipoalbuminemia? Protein-losing gastroenteropathy: unremembered cause of hypoalbuminemia?

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    La gastroenteropatía pierde proteínas (PLE) es un síndrome que consiste en una pérdida activa proteica por el aparato digestivo y relacionada con enfermedades. Tras revisión amplia de la literatura (MEDLINE - PubMed), hemos encontrado escasas referencias de esta gastroenteropatía como causante de hipoalbuminemia asociada a desnutrición. Ello nos ha motivado para revisar la entidad y su diagnóstico, detallando algunos casos clínicos recientes de nuestra experiencia.Protein-losing gastroenteropathy (PLE) consists on an active digestive tract protein loss syndrome and it is related to some diseases. After a wide research into bibliography (MEDLINE - Pubmed),we have found few references to this gastroenteropathy as a cause of hypoalbuminemia related to malnutrition. This has motivated us to review this entity, detailing some recent clinical cases of our experience

    Recommendations from SPNS/GEAM/SENBA/SENPE/AEDN/SEDCA/GESIDA on nutrition in the HIV-infected patient Recomendaciones de SPNS/GEAM/SENBA/SENPE/AEDN/SEDCA/GESIDA sobre nutrición en el paciente con infección por VIH

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    Objective: to make recommendations on the approach to nutritional problems (malnutrition, cachexia, micronutrient deficiency, obesity, lipodystrophy) affecting HIV-infected patients. Methods: these recommendations have been agreed upon by a group of expertes in the nutrition and care of HIV-infected patients, on behalf of the different groups involved in drafting them. Therefore, the latest advances in pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical care presented in studies published in medical journals or at scientific meetings were evaluated. Results: there is no single method of evaluating nutrition, and diferent techniques -CT, MRI, and DXA-must be combined. The energy requirements of symptomatic patients increase by 20-30%. There is no evidence to support the increase in protein or fat intake. Micronutrient supplementation in only necessary in special circumstances (vitamin A in children and pregnant woman). Aerobic and resistance excercise is beneficial both for cardiovascular health and for improving lean mass and muscular strength. It is important to follow the rules of food safety at every stage in the chain. Therapeutic intervention in anorexia and cachexia must be tailored, by combining nutritional and pharmacological support (appetite stimulants, anabolic steroids, and, in some cases, testosterone). Artificial nutrition (oral supplementation, enteral or parenteral nutrition) is safe and efficacious, and improves nutritional status and response to therapy. In children, nutritional recommendations must be made early, and are a necessary component of therapy. Conclusion: appropriate nutritional evaluation and relevant therapeutic action are an essential part of the care of HIV-infected patients.Objetivo: realizar recomendaciones sobre el abordaje de los problemas nutricionales (malnutrición, caquexia, déficit de micronutrientes, obesidad, lipodistrofia) presentes en la infección VIH. Métodos: estas recomendaciones se han consensuado por un grupo de expertos en nutrición y en atención al enfermo VIH, en representación de las distintas sociedades firmantes. Para ello se han revisado los últimos avances fisiopatológicos, epidemiológicos y clínicos recogidos en estudios publicados en revistas médicas o presentados en congresos. Resultados: no existe un único método de valoración nutricional, debiendo combinarse cuestionarios y técnicas como TAC, RNM y DEXA. Los requerimientos energéticos en enfermos sintomáticos aumentan en un 20-30%. No existe evidencia que respalde el incremento del aporte proteico o graso. La suplementación de micronutrientes sólo es necesaria en circunstancias especiales (Vitamina A en niños y embarazadas). El ejercicio aeróbico de resistencia es beneficioso tanto para la salud cardiovascular como para mejorar la masa magra y la fuerza muscular. Es importante seguir normas de seguridad en toda la cadena alimentaria. La intervención terapéutica en la anorexia y caquexia debe ser individualizada, combinando soporte nutricional y farmacológico (estimulantes del apetito, agentes anabolizantes y testosterona en algún caso). La nutrición artificial (suplementación oral, nutrición enteral o parenteral) es segura y eficaz, mejorando el estado nutricional y la respuesta al tratamiento. En niños, las recomendaciones nutricionales deben ser muy precoces, formando necesariamente parte del tratamiento. Conclusión: La adecuada valoración nutricional y la pertinente actuación terapéutica son parte esencial de la asistencia del enfermo VIH
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