Diplomasi Indonesia terhadap Unesco dalam Meresmikan Subak sebagai Warisan Budaya Dunia

This research is about Indonesia diplomacy effort to UNESCO to inaugurate Subak in Bali as a world cultural heritage from Indonesia in 2012. Subak Bali is a cultural heritage, it is an irrigation system that regulates the division of water management based on the mindset of harmony and togetherness, it based on formal rules and religious values. Many claims by other countries that take Indonesian culture, such as batik claiming by Malaysia, its make Indonesian government ask to UNESCO to recognize Subak as Indonesian culture. Many participants help the government to get the legally, its come from local community and also the government. Subak get legally as a Indonesia heritage culture after 10 years by some process like selection, filtration and fit and proper test. This research applies realist perspective, where it focuses on state as the main actor in international politics. Indonesia wants show to the world that Indonesia also has a heritage culture. To explain this research, the author used theory of diplomacy. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. It uses the library method by taking the data from books, journals, articles, internet and other source. The author visit Department Cultural of Bali to direct research. This research applies realist perspective, where it focuses on state as the main actor in international politics. Indonesia wants show to the world that Indonesia also has a heritage culture. To explain this research, the author used theory of diplomacy. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. It uses the library method by taking the data from books, journals, articles, internet and other source. The author visit Department Cultural of Bali to direct research. The result of this research indicate that Indonesian government did multi-track diplomacy effort to get legally Subak as a world cultural heritage of Indonesia from UNESCO on 2012. The effort get a feedback from UNESCO on Mei 2012, when the Bali Heritage culture The Cultural Landscape of Bali : Subak System as a Manifestation of The Tri Hita Karana was approved to be a World Cultural heritage. It assigned in the 36th session of UNESCO in St. Petersbug, Russia on 29 June 2012. The result of this research indicate that Indonesian government did multi-track diplomacy effort to get legally Subak as a world cultural heritage of Indonesia from UNESCO on 2012. The effort get a feedback from UNESCO on Mei 2012, when the Bali Heritage culture The Cultural Landscape of Bali : Subak System as a Manifestation of The Tri Hita Karana was approved to be a World Cultural heritage. It assigned in the 36th session of UNESCO in St. Petersbug, Russia on 29 June 2012. Keywords: subak, UNESCO, cultural heritage of Bali, multy-track diplomacy Keywords: subak, UNESCO, cultural heritage of Bali, multy-track diplomac

Compostos magnéticos moleculares: o desenvolvimento de novos materiais magnéticos nanoestruturados

The development of new magnetic materials has attracted attention of researchers of different areas. In the last decades, a distinguished class of materials emerged in magnetism, in which the magnetic moment is delocalized over molecules. By varying the synthetic conditions it is possible to obtain a large variety of structures and properties using the same starting molecules. These materials have a great scientific appeal due to the possibility of presenting not only magnetic, but also optical or electrical transport properties. In this review we will present an overview of some molecular magnetic compounds, in particular molecular nanomagnets

SDSS J162520.29+120308.7 – a new SU Ursae Majoris star in the period gap

We report results of an extensive world-wide observing campaign devoted to the recently discovered dwarf nova SDSS J162520.29+120308.7 (SDSS J1625). The data were obtained during the July 2010 eruption of the star and in August and September 2010 when the object was in quiescence. During the July 2010 superoutburst, SDSS J1625 clearly displayed superhumps with a mean period of Psh = 0.095942(17) days (138.16 ± 0.02 min) and a maximum amplitude reaching almost 0.4 mag. The superhump period was not stable, decreasing very rapidly at a rate of ˙P = −1.63(14) × 10−3 at the beginning of the superoutburst and increasing at a rate of ˙P = 2.81(20) × 10−4 in the middle phase. At the end of the superoutburst, it stabilized around the value of Psh = 0.09531(5) day. During the first twelve hours of the superoutburst, a low-amplitude double wave modulation was observed whose properties are almost identical to early superhumps observed in WZ Sge stars. The period of early superhumps, the period of modulations observed temporarily in quiescence, and the period derived from radial velocity variations are the same within measurement errors, allowing us to estimate the most probable orbital period of the binary to be Porb = 0.09111(15) days (131.20 ± 0.22 min). This value clearly indicates that SDSS J1625 is another dwarf nova in the period gap. Knowledge of the orbital and superhump periods allows us to estimate the mass ratio of the system to be q ≈ 0.25. This high value poses serious problems for both the thermal and tidal instability (TTI) model describing the behaviour of dwarf novae and for some models explaining the origin of early superhumps

Synthesis, Structural and Magnetic Characterization of a New Copper(II)-Nitronyl Nitroxide Radical Complex

In this work we describe the structure and the magnetic properties of a new copper(II)-NIT complex, where NIT stands for nitronyl nitroxide radical. This was achieved using (NBu4)4[Cu2(bopba)] as a precursor (where NBu4+ is the tetrabutylammonium cation and bopba is bis-o-phenylenebis(oxamate)), whose crystal structure was resolved and its magnetics properties studied. From the reaction of this precursor with a cationic nitronyl nitroxide radical, a new compound was prepared and magnetically characterized, namely (pEtRad)4[Cu2(bopba)] (where pEtRad+ stands for the cationic para-2-(4-pyridil)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1 -oxyl-3-oxide radical). The magnetic properties suggest that in this six-spin complex there is a competition between short range ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. The ferromagnetic interaction can be explained by the orthogonality of the involved magnetic orbitals

Quantum-Classical Transition of the Escape Rate of a Uniaxial Spin System in an Arbitrarily Directed Field

The escape rate \Gamma of the large-spin model described by the Hamiltonian H = -DS_z^2 - H_zS_z - H_xS_x is investigated with the help of the mapping onto a particle moving in a double-well potential U(x). The transition-state method yields $\Gamma$ in the moderate-damping case as a Boltzmann average of the quantum transition probabilities. We have shown that the transition from the classical to quantum regimes with lowering temperature is of the first order (d\Gamma/dT discontinuous at the transition temperature T_0) for h_x below the phase boundary line h_x=h_{xc}(h_z), where h_{x,z}\equiv H_{x,z}/(2SD), and of the second order above this line. In the unbiased case (H_z=0) the result is h_{xc}(0)=1/4, i.e., one fourth of the metastability boundary h_{xm}=1, at which the barrier disappears. In the strongly biased limit \delta\equiv 1-h_z << 1, one has h_{xc} \cong (2/3)^{3/4}(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})\delta^{3/2}\cong 0.2345 \delta^{3/2}, which is about one half of the boundary value h_{xm} \cong (2\delta/3)^{3/2} \cong 0.5443 \delta^{3/2}.The latter case is relevant for experiments on small magnetic particles, where the barrier should be lowered to achieve measurable quantum escape rates.Comment: 17 PR pages, 16 figures; published versio

Survey of Period Variations of Superhumps in SU UMa-Type Dwarf Novae. II: The Second Year (2009-2010)

As an extension of the project in Kato et al. (2009, arXiv:0905.1757), we collected times of superhump maxima for 61 SU UMa-type dwarf novae mainly observed during the 2009-2010 season. The newly obtained data confirmed the basic findings reported in Kato et al. (2009): the presence of stages A-C, as well as the predominance of positive period derivatives during stage B in systems with superhump periods shorter than 0.07 d. There was a systematic difference in period derivatives for systems with superhump periods longer than 0.075 d between this study and Kato et al. (2009). We suggest that this difference is possibly caused by the relative lack of frequently outbursting SU UMa-type dwarf novae in this period regime in the present study. We recorded a strong beat phenomenon during the 2009 superoutburst of IY UMa. The close correlation between the beat period and superhump period suggests that the changing angular velocity of the apsidal motion of the elliptical disk is responsible for the variation of superhump periods. We also described three new WZ Sge-type objects with established early superhumps and one with likely early superhumps. We also suggest that two systems, VX For and EL UMa, are WZ Sge-type dwarf novae with multiple rebrightenings. The O-C variation in OT J213806.6+261957 suggests that the frequent absence of rebrightenings in very short-Porb objects can be a result of sustained superoutburst plateau at the epoch when usual SU UMa-type dwarf novae return to quiescence preceding a rebrightening. We also present a formulation for a variety of Bayesian extension to traditional period analyses.Comment: 63 pages, 77 figures, 1 appendix, Accepted for publication in PASJ, data correctio