Einflüsse von Erholungsprozessen auf die Entstehung von lumbalem Rückenschmerz

In bestehenden theoretischen Modellen wird die Entstehung von lumbalen Rückenschmerz mit der erfahrenen Beanspruchung durch psychosoziale Arbeitsfaktoren in Verbindung gebracht. Ziel der Dissertation war es, die möglichen schützenden Einflüsse einer adäquaten Freizeiterholung auf die Entstehung von lumbalen Rückenschmerz zu spezifizieren. Hierfür wurde in einem ersten Schritt ein theoretisches Modell zum Einfluss der Erholung auf die Entstehung von lumbalen Rückenschmerz durch psychosoziale Arbeitsfaktoren aus der Literatur abgeleitet. Mittels einer Onlinebefragung bei Verwaltungsangestellten wurden anschließend die möglichen Einflüsse der Erholung auf Rückenschmerz im Quer- und Längsschnitt untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Erholung in der Freizeit den Einfluss der psychosozialen Arbeitsbedingungen auf das Rückenschmerzrisiko positiv beeinflusst und der akute Erholungs-Beanspruchungs-Zustand mit der Entstehung von Rückenschmerzen in Verbindung steht.In recent theoretical health models the development of low back pain (LBP) is associated with the perceived stress, caused by psychosocial work factors. The aim of this dissertation was to investigate possible moderating influences of recovery in leisure time on LBP development. In a first step, a theoretical model of the influences of recovery on LBP development was formulated, based on the actual literature. In a second step, administrative employees filled in an online survey to specify the influence of recovery on LBP in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study design. The results indicate that adequate recovery functions as a buffer between psychosocial work factors and LBP development. Furthermore, employees with a high recovery and low stress state showed a reduced LBP-risk compared to employees with low recovery and high stress values

Psychological detachment as moderator between psychosocial work conditions and low back pain development

$\bf Objectives:$ Recovery processes in leisure time influence the effect of psychosocial work factors on health issues. However, this function of recovery has been neglected in research regarding the influence of work-related risk factors on low back pain (LBP) development. The aim of this prospective study was to examine the function of psychological detachment – a relevant recovery experience – concerning the influence of psychosocial work factors on LBP development. A moderating function of detachment for the interplay of work factors and LBP was assumed. $\textbf {Material and Methods:}$ Sixty pain-free administrative employees of German universities completed an online survey 3 times during a 6-month period. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate risk-factors of LBP. $\bf Results:$ Analyses revealed an increased chance of LBP development for smokers and a decreasing chance when work resources were high. Detachment had no direct influence on LBP development, although it moderated the influence of work stressors and work resources on LBP. On the one hand, high detachment values seem to protect against an increased chance of LBP development when employees were confronted with high work stressors, while on the other hand high detachment values enhance the protective effect of high work resources. $\bf Conclusions:$ The results indicated a moderating role of detachment concerning the influence of psychosocial work factors on LBP development. Therefore, it is necessary to include recovery processes in future research regarding LBP development and consequently in LBP prevention concepts