What explains the variation in estimates of labour supply elasticities?

This paper performs a meta-analysis of empirical estimates of uncompensated labour supply elasticities. We find that much of the variation in elasticities can be explained by the variation in gender, participation rates, and country fixed effects. Country differences appear to be small though. There is no systematic impact of the model specification or marital status on reported elasticities. The decision to participate is more responsive than is the decision regarding hours worked. Even at the intensive margin, we find that the elasticity for women exceeds that for men. For men and women in the Netherlands, we predict an uncompensated labour supply elasticity of 0.1 (or 0.2 if an alternative specification is preferred) and 0.5, respectively. These values are robust for alternative samples and specifications of the meta regression.

A guide robot at the airport:First impressions

In order to be successful, guide robots in public space require socially-intelligent navigation behaviors. Evaluation of these behaviors can be done through lab studies, though these do not always capture the complexities of interactions in "the wild". In this extended abstract we present initial results of a field trial of a multi-year project in which we developed and deployed a robot which provided guiding services to real passengers at one of the top-20 busiest airports in the world. During this field trial 9 groups of passengers were guided by the robot. We will present initial results and implications for field studies.</p

Tax Competition under Minimum Rates: The Case of European Diesel Excises

This paper estimates Nash-type fiscal reaction functions for European governments competing for revenue from diesel excises. It appears that European governments strategically set their excise levels by responding to their neighbors’ tax rates. This provides evidence for the presence of tax competition in diesel excises. In fact, a 10 percent higher rate in neighboring countries (in terms of the user price) induces a country to raise its own rate by between 2 and 3 percent. This impact is robust for alternative specifications. By imposing restrictions on excise levels, EU harmonization of excises in 1987 and the introduction of a minimum in 1992 exerted a positive impact on the excise level in a number of EU countries. It has not, however, significantly reduced the intensity of tax competition. Indeed, strategic tax responses have not significantly been reduced by these harmonization policies. We also find that high-tax countries appear to compete more aggressively than low-tax countries in the sense that they feature larger strategic tax responses. There is no significant difference between large and small countries.Diesel excise, strategic tax setting, minimum rates, European Union

What Explains the Variation in Estimates of Labour Supply Elasticities?

This paper performs a meta-analysis of empirical estimates of uncompensated labour supply elasticities. We find that much of the variation in elasticities can be explained by the variation in gender, participation rates, and country fixed effects. Country differences appear to be small though. There is no systematic impact of the model specification or marital status on reported elasticities. The decision to participate is more responsive than is the decision regarding hours worked. Even at the intensive margin, we find that the elasticity for women exceeds that for men. For men and women in the Netherlands, we predict an uncompensated labour supply elasticity of 0.1 and 0.5, respectively. These values are robust for alternative samples and specifications of the meta regression.labour supply, meta-analysis, uncompensated elasticity

Short duration robot interaction at an airport: challenges from a socio-psychological point of view

This extended abstract concerns the FP7-project Spencer. As part of the Spencer project, a demonstrator robot will be developed which provide services to passengers at a major European airport. Example services include (1) guiding transfer passengers from their arrival gate to the so-called Schengen barrier, and (2) assisting in the transfer process by printing boarding passes. The goal of the robot is to make sure that passengers will make their connecting flight, with our own focus being on the human-robot interaction. In the following, we describe a sample use case of the project scenario. Based on this we identify possible challenges that are of interest with respect to interactive robots in public spaces

How a Guide Robot Should Behave at an Airport - Insights Based on Observing Passengers

As part of the EU FP7 project SPENCER a robot demonstrator will be developed which provides location based services (information, guiding) to passengers in the context of an international airport. In this report we describe a contextual analysis, conducted in order to discover how people behave in a given context (here Schiphol airport) and in relevant situations within this context. From this analysis we arrive at guidelines for robot behavior

Arbeidsaanbodelasticiteit en beleid

De invloed van beleidshervormingen op de werkgelegenheid is in belangrijke mate afhankelijk van de loonelasticiteit van het arbeidsaanbod. Ondanks de enorme hoeveelheid empirische studies is de hoogte van deze elasticiteit nog altijd onderwerp van discussie

Europees minimum voor vennootschapsbelasting is goede zaak

Het voorstel voor een Europees minimumtarief voor de vennootschapsbelasting is verstandig. Enerzijds voorkomt een minimumtarief een al te scherpe race naar de bodem. Anderzijds blijft de mogelijkheid voor belastingsconcurrentie bestaan

What explains the Variation in Estimates of Labour Supply Elasticities?

This paper performs a meta-analysis of empirical estimates of uncompensated labour supply elasticities. We find that much of the variation in elasticities can be explained by the variation in gender, participation rates, and country fixed effects. Country differences appear to be small though. There is no systematic impact of the model specification or marital status on reported elasticities. The decision to participate is more responsive than is the decision regarding hours worked. Even at the intensive margin, we find that the elasticity for women exceeds that for men. For men and women in the Netherlands, we predict an uncompensated labour supply elasticity of 0.1 (or 0.2 if an alternative specification is preferred) and 0.5, respectively. These values are robust for alternative samples and specifications of the meta regression

Making Appearances:How Robots Should Approach People

To prepare for a future in which robots are more commonplace, it is important to know what robot behaviors people find socially normative. Previous work suggests that for robots to be accepted by people, the robot should adhere to the prevalent social norms, such as those related to approaching people. However, we do not expect that socially normative approach behaviors for robots can be translated on a one-on-one basis from people to robots, because currently robots have unique and different features to humans, including (but not limited to) wheels, sounds, and shapes. The two studies presented in this article go beyond the state-of-the-art and focus on socially normative approach behaviors for robots. In the first study, we compared people's responses to violations of personal space done by robots compared to people. In the second study, we explored what features (sound, size, speed) of a robot approaching people have an effect on acceptance. Findings indicate that people are more lenient toward violations of a social norm by a robot as compared to a person. Also, we found that robots can use their unique features to mitigate the negative effects of norm violations by communicating intent.</p