An Ethnohistorical Perspective on Cheyenne Demography

Administrative censuses of the Southern Cheyenne Indians from 1880,1891, and 1900 permit family reconstitution, identification of residence groups, and comparisons of fertility between monogamous and polygynous women, when the records are approached by ethnohistori cal methods. This approach includes an awareness of the aboriginal adoption practices, kinship system, and naming practices. It is argued that the biases and distortions of administrative records can be effectively corrected to add to our store of information on band and tribal societies.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Demystifying ECMO

DATE OF PRESENTATION: September 15, 2022 Presented by: Michael Zubrow, MD, Medical Director, Pediatric ECMO, The Barbara Bush Children\u27s Hospital at Maine Medical Center, Assistant Professor, Tufts University CME available for 1 year after presentation. CME Text Code: 79288https://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/pediatrics_gr/1004/thumbnail.jp

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid reduces secondary organ injury in septic rats after cecal ligation and puncture.

BACKGROUND: Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a plant extract that has been shown to act as a free radical scavenger and pluripotent inhibitor of pro-inflammatory cytokines, two major cellular processes involved in the pathophysiology of sepsis. We investigated whether NDGA would improve markers of organ injury as well as survival in a rodent model of sepsis. METHODS: Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and double puncture (CLP) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. NDGA was administered either at the time of injury (pre-) or 6 hours later (post-treatment). A sham surgery group and a vehicle only group were also followed as controls. Blood and lung tissue were collected 24 h after CLP. Lung tissue was used for histopathologic analysis and to measure pulmonary edema. Arterial oxygenation was measured directly to generate PaO2/FiO2, and markers of renal injury (blood urea nitrogen), liver injury (alanine aminotransferase), and tissue hypoxia (lactate) were measured. In a separate set of animals consisting of the same treatment groups, animals were followed for up to 36 hours for survival. RESULTS: NDGA pre-treatment resulted in improved oxygenation, less lung edema, lower lactate, lower BUN, and reduced histologic lung injury. NDGA post-treatment resulted in less lung edema, lower lactate, lower BUN, and less histologic lung injury, but did not significantly change oxygenation. None of the NDGA treatment groups statistically affected ALT or creatinine. NDGA pre-treatment showed improved survival compared with control CLP animals at 36 hours, while post-treatment did not. CONCLUSIONS: NDGA represents a novel pleiotropic anti-inflammatory agent with potential clinical utility for modulation of organ injury secondary to sepsis

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid reduces secondary organ injury in septic rats after cecal ligation and puncture.

BACKGROUND:Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a plant extract that has been shown to act as a free radical scavenger and pluripotent inhibitor of pro-inflammatory cytokines, two major cellular processes involved in the pathophysiology of sepsis. We investigated whether NDGA would improve markers of organ injury as well as survival in a rodent model of sepsis. METHODS:Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and double puncture (CLP) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. NDGA was administered either at the time of injury (pre-) or 6 hours later (post-treatment). A sham surgery group and a vehicle only group were also followed as controls. Blood and lung tissue were collected 24 h after CLP. Lung tissue was used for histopathologic analysis and to measure pulmonary edema. Arterial oxygenation was measured directly to generate PaO2/FiO2, and markers of renal injury (blood urea nitrogen), liver injury (alanine aminotransferase), and tissue hypoxia (lactate) were measured. In a separate set of animals consisting of the same treatment groups, animals were followed for up to 36 hours for survival. RESULTS:NDGA pre-treatment resulted in improved oxygenation, less lung edema, lower lactate, lower BUN, and reduced histologic lung injury. NDGA post-treatment resulted in less lung edema, lower lactate, lower BUN, and less histologic lung injury, but did not significantly change oxygenation. None of the NDGA treatment groups statistically affected ALT or creatinine. NDGA pre-treatment showed improved survival compared with control CLP animals at 36 hours, while post-treatment did not. CONCLUSIONS:NDGA represents a novel pleiotropic anti-inflammatory agent with potential clinical utility for modulation of organ injury secondary to sepsis

Recreational ‘mud fever’: Leptospira interrogans induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in a U.S. Navy seaman following ‘mud-run’ in Hawaii

A 23-year-old man with a viral-like prodrome developed sudden severe dyspnea and was found to have renal failure, anemia, shock, and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage with acute respiratory distress syndrome, requiring emergent endotracheal intubation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Travel and exposure history from peripheral sources revealed that the patient had participated in a ‘mud-run’ in Hawaii two weeks prior to symptom onset. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with leptospirosis and treated with ceftriaxone and doxycycline. He was discharged on hospital day 13 with full recovery. Leptospirosis is associated with exposure to water, soil, or other matter contaminated with urine of carrier animals. It has been associated with a multitude of activities over time; most recently recreational water-based activities including ‘mud-runs’ in endemic areas have been added to the list of routes of exposure. This case underscores the importance of obtaining a thorough epidemiological exposure and travel history and being aware of areas of endemicity for life-threatening infections. Additionally, to our knowledge this is the second case of a patient in the United States treated with ECMO for leptospirosis induced pulmonary hemorrhage. Keywords: Leptospira interrogans, Leptospirosis, Leptospirosis pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome, Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, Extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation, Mud-ru

Chapters in the prehistory of Eastern Arizona,

v.65 (1975