A biblioteca pública como espaço de interação social e cultural

Expõe considerações sobre o novo modelo de biblioteca que ora surge no País, decorrente das novas exigências do mercado informacional, e destaca a importância das bibliotecas públicas como facilitadoras de interação social e cultural. Analisa as mudanças sofridas pelas bibliotecas ao longo de sua existência e sua evolução no Brasil. Através de estudo bibliográfico e tendo a Biblioteca de São Paulo como parâmetro desse modelo procura-se esclarecer esse novo conceito de biblioteca pública, levando em conta os novos papéis que estas deverão assumir frente à atual realidade. Dessa forma, este trabalho traz sua contribuição para a reflexão dos profissionais da área, gestores e entidades governamentais

Ocorrência de cianobactérias em um reservatório de abastecimento público do semiárido cearense / Occurrence of cyanobacteria in a public supply reservoir in the semi-arid region of Ceará

As cianobactérias são organismos procariontes que apresentam propriedades tanto das algas como das bactérias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e quantificar as espécies de cianobactérias no reservatório Canoas, Ceará, Brasil, em diferentes períodos (seco e chuvoso). As amostras foram coletadas mensalmente (outubro/16 a maio/17) em três pontos amostrais (P1, P2 e P3). Considerando a análise da composição, realizou-se arrastos horizontais com rede de plâncton (20µm) na subsuperfície da água, sendo fixadas com formol neutro a 4%, analisadas utilizando-se microscópio óptico Trinocular (QUIMIS) - Motic, Modelo: Q711T – BA310. Para a quantificação, as amostras foram coletadas diretamente da subsuperfície, sendo fixadas com lugol, analisadas e contadas segundo o método de Utermöhl, utilizando-se microscópio invertido Zeiss Axiovert. Foram determinadas as densidades, espécies dominantes e abundantes. Entre os táxons, apenas duas espécies foram consideradas dominantes e quatro abundantes. A presença de grandes densidades observadas para espécies de Cyanobacteria alertam para possíveis riscos à saúde pública, visto que esse reservatório é utilizado para o abastecimento público, com isso torna-se relevante a necessidade de monitoramento constante para prevenir e minimizar possíveis transtornos que possam ocorrer pela presença da grande concentração desses organismos na água

New rhizobia strains isolated from the Amazon region fix atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with cowpea and increase its yield

Studies in the Amazon indicate a wide diversity of rhizobia with the ability for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), which could expand the number of strains approved for cowpea. Thus, the aim of this field study was to evaluate the agronomic performance in cowpea of the several strains isolated from the soils of the Brazilian states Acre and Rondônia, and to compare them withstrains approved by the Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA) and withnon-inoculated controls (without and with mineral nitrogen fertilizer). The inoculants performed well. Though less effective than the other strains, the UFLA 03-36 strain also was prominent with respect to grain yield. Because of the positive response of the UFLA 03-129 strain, which led to yield increases greater than the obtained from the control without inoculation plus mineral-N, it can be recommended as an inoculum for cowpea. Further investigations should be carried out to obtain MAPA’s approval for their use. Other experiments involving this strain and several cultivars are being carried out on other types of soil and environmental conditions of the state of Minas Gerais

New rhizobia strains isolated from the Amazon region fix atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with cowpea and increase its yield

ABSTRACT Studies in the Amazon indicate a wide diversity of rhizobia with the ability for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), which could expand the number of strains approved for cowpea. Thus, the aim of this field study was to evaluate the agronomic performance in cowpea of the several strains isolated from the soils of the Brazilian states Acre and Rondônia, and to compare them withstrains approved by the Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA) and withnon-inoculated controls (without and with mineral nitrogen fertilizer). The inoculants performed well. Though less effective than the other strains, the UFLA 03-36 strain also was prominent with respect to grain yield. Because of the positive response of the UFLA 03-129 strain, which led to yield increases greater than the obtained from the control without inoculation plus mineral-N, it can be recommended as an inoculum for cowpea. Further investigations should be carried out to obtain MAPA’s approval for their use. Other experiments involving this strain and several cultivars are being carried out on other types of soil and environmental conditions of the state of Minas Gerais

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora