Antiepileptic Drug Adherence and Its Associated Factors among Epilepsy Patients on Follow-ups at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

Background: Medication adherence is a fundamental determinant of effective treatment. However, people with epilepsy have poor compliance with  their treatment because of the chronic nature of the disease. Limited studies have been conducted to address antiepileptic medication  adherence in Africa, including Ethiopia. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess antiepileptic drug adherence and its asociated factors among  patients with epilepsy attending outpatient department of Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted on 439 patients with epilepsy in Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Medication  adherence reporting scale-5 (MARS-5) was used to assess adherence to antiepileptic drugs. The Oslo social support, Jacob perceived stigma scale,  and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) were the instruments used to assess associated factors. Simple and multiple linear regression  analysis models were fitted. Then, the adjusted unstandardized beta (β) coefficient at a 95% confidence level was used. Results: The mean(SD) score of antiepileptic medication adherence was 16.38(±3.76) with 95%CI:(16.03, 16.72). Depressive symptoms (β= -1.35, 95%  CI: (-2.04, -0.65)), anxiety symptoms (β=- 1.12,95%CI:(-1,79,-0.44), perceived stigma (β= -1.64, 95% CI:- 2.16,-1.12), being single (β=-0.67, 95%CI:-1.20,-  0.14), presence of seizure per month(β=-2.11,95% CI: (-2.81,-1.41) and antiepileptic drug adverse effect(β=-0.07,95%CI:-0.11,-0.03) were factors  associated with anti-epileptic medication adherence. Conclusion: The results suggest that the mean score of adherence to antiepileptic drugs was poor as compared to other settings. Antiepileptic  medication adherence screening tool should be included in the patient’s treatment protocol

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of suicide attempt and associated factors among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of suicide attempt and associated factors among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).</p

Clinical and substance characteristics among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).

Clinical and substance characteristics among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).</p

Socio-demographic characteristic distribution among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).

Socio-demographic characteristic distribution among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).</p

Prevalence of suicidal ideations and attempts among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).

Prevalence of suicidal ideations and attempts among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).</p

Criminal and psychosocial characteristics among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).

Criminal and psychosocial characteristics among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).</p

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of suicidal ideation and associated factors among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of suicidal ideation and associated factors among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022 (n = 788).</p

S1 Data set -

BackgroundSuicide is a prominent source of harm and death globally, and it is the leading cause of premature death among prisoners. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study design was performed from May 23 to June 22, 2022. After proportional allocation to the three correctional institutions, a total of 788 study participants were randomly recruited. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to evaluate suicide ideation and attempt. To determine factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. At a 95% confidence interval (CI) of P-value ResultsThe prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners was 23.6% and 10.7%, with 95% CI (20.76, 26.70) and (8.68, 13.02), respectively. Female sex (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.12, 5.05), family history of mental illness (AOR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.93, 4.88), depression (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.43, 2.98), poor social support (AOR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.56, 4.85) and previous incarceration (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.86) were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. However, being single (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.47, 4.54), family history of suicide (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.18, 5.01), depression (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.59, 4.31) and previous imprisonments (AOR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.69) were associated with suicidal attempt.ConclusionsThe prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners were found to be high. Therefore, the findings of this study recommend that early detection and design of prison mental health services should be delivered to develop mental health care, prevention, and intervention programs for incarcerated people to improve suicidal behavior in prison.</div

Spatial distribution and determinants of alcohol consumption among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Spatial and multilevel analysis.

BackgroundAlcohol consumption during pregnancy is a known contributor to teratogen and causes a range of effects on pregnancy and birth outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the spatial variation and determinants of alcohol consumption among pregnant women in Ethiopia.MethodsA secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. A total of 1,135 pregnant women were included in the analysis. ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to explore the spatial distribution of alcohol consumption, and SaTScan version 9.6 was employed to identify the significant spatial clusters of alcohol consumption. A mixed multi-level logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the determinant factors of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.ResultsThe result showed that the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy was 22.49% (with a 95% CI: 18.18 to 26.17). The spatial analysis showed that the spatial distribution of alcohol consumption significantly varied across the country [Global Moran's I value = 0.30 (PConclusionAlcohol consumption during pregnancy in Ethiopia was high. The spatial distribution of alcohol consumption was significantly varied across the country. Therefore, public health interventions targeting areas with high alcohol consumption are needed for drinking cessation and to prevent poor pregnancy outcomes related to alcohol use

The Hot spot analysis of alcohol consumption among pregnant women in Ethiopia, 2016.

The Hot spot analysis of alcohol consumption among pregnant women in Ethiopia, 2016.</p