1,095 research outputs found
The Effects of Eliminating the Work Search Requirement on Job Match Quality and Other Long-Term Employment Outcomes
Cosmological backreaction of a quantized massless scalar field
We consider the backreaction problem of a quantized minimally coupled
massless scalar field in cosmology. The adiabatically regularized stress-energy
tensor in a general Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background is approximately
evaluated by using the fact that subhorizon modes evolve adiabatically and
superhorizon modes are frozen. The vacuum energy density is verified to obey a
new first order differential equation depending on a dimensionless parameter of
order unity, which calibrates subhorizon/superhorizon division. We check the
validity of the approximation by calculating the corresponding vacuum energy
densities in fixed backgrounds, which are shown to agree with the known results
in de Sitter space and space-times undergoing power law expansions. We then
apply our findings to slow-roll inflationary models. Although backreaction
effects are found to be negligible during the near exponential expansion, the
vacuum energy density generated during this period might be important at later
stages since it decreases slower than radiation or dust.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, v2: comments and a reference added, to appear in
JCA
Venous infarction mimicking a neoplasm in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: an unusual cause of Parinaud's syndrome
We present a case of longstanding, undiagnosed spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) with an acute presentation of Parinaud's syndrome, in whom serial imaging demonstrated development of a midbrain mass. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with tumefactive venous infarction secondary to SIH. However, this patient underwent a brainstem biopsy, which in retrospect may have been avoidable. This case demonstrates the imaging features of tumefactive venous infarction in SIH and highlights the risk of misinterpretation as a neoplasm with potentially catastrophic consequences
Data Ethics Emergency Drill:A Toolbox for Discussing Responsible AI for Industry Teams
Researchers urge technology practitioners such as data scientists to consider the impacts and ethical implications of algorithmic decisions. However, unlike programming, statistics, and data management, discussion of ethical implications is rarely included in standard data science training. To begin to address this gap, we designed and tested a toolbox called the data ethics emergency drill (DEED) to help data science teams discuss and reflect on the ethical implications of their work. The DEED is a roleplay of a fictional ethical emergency scenario that is contextually situated in the team’s specific workplace and applications. This paper outlines the DEED toolbox and describes three studies carried out with two different data science teams that iteratively shaped its design. Our findings show that practitioners can apply lessons learnt from the roleplay to real-life situations, and how the DEED opened up conversations around ethics and values
Weak field and slow motion limits in energy-momentum powered gravity
We explore the weak field and slow motion limits, Newtonian and
Post-Newtonian limits, of the energy-momentum powered gravity (EMPG), viz., the
energy-momentum squared gravity (EMSG) of the form
with
and being constants. We have shown that EMPG with and
general relativity (GR) are not distinguishable by local tests, say, the Solar
System tests; as they lead to the same gravitational potential form, PPN
parameters, and geodesics for the test particles. However, within the EMPG
framework, , the mass of an astrophysical object inferred from
astronomical observations such as planetary orbits and deflection of light,
corresponds to the effective mass , being the actual physical mass and
being the modification due to EMPG. Accordingly, while in GR we simply have the
relation , in EMPG we have . Within
the framework of EMPG, if there is information about the values of
pair or from other independent phenomena (from
cosmological observations, structure of the astrophysical object, etc.), then
in principle it is possible to infer not only alone from
astronomical observations, but and separately. For a proper
analysis within EMPG framework, it is necessary to describe the slow motion
condition (also related to the Newtonian limit approximation) by (where and ), whereas this condition leads to in
GR.Comment: 12 pages, no figures and table
Global smoothness and approximation by generalized discrete singular operators
In this article we continue with the study of generalized discrete singular operators over the real line regarding their simultaneous global smoothness preservation property with respect to norm for by involving higher order moduli of smoothness.
Additionally we study their simultaneous approximation to the unit operator with rates involving the modulus of smoothness. The Jackson type inequalities produced in this article are almost sharp, containing neat
constants, and they reflect the high order of differentiability of involved
function
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