Methane Fermentation of Organic Waste with Different C/N Ratios

Poster Session

Characterizing the Key Factors in Potential Suppressive Anaerobic Digester Effluent on Bacterial Wilt Disease (Ralstonia solanacearum)

Poster Session

DDX58 deficiency leads to triple negative breast cancer chemotherapy resistance by inhibiting Type I IFN-mediated signalling apoptosis

IntroductionTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its aggressive nature and absence of specific therapeutic targets, necessitating the reliance on chemotherapy as the primary treatment modality. However, the drug resistance poses a significant challenge in the management of TNBC. In this study, we investigated the role of DDX58 (DExD/H-box helicase 58), also known as RIG-I, in TNBC chemoresistance.MethodsThe relationship between DDX58 expression and breast cancer prognosis was investigated by online clinical databases and confirmed by immunohistochemistry analysis. DDX58 was knockout by CRISPR-Cas9 system (DDX58-KO), knockdown by DDX58-siRNA (DDX58-KD), and stably over expressed (DDX58-OE) by lentivirus. Western blotting, immunofluorescence and qPCR were used for related molecules detection. Apoptosis was analyzed through flow cytometry (Annexin V/7AAD apoptosis assay) and Caspase 3/7 activity assay.ResultsPatients with lower expression of DDX58 led to lower rate of pathological complete response (pCR) and worse prognosis by online databases and hospital clinical data. DDX58-KD cells showed multiple chemo-drugs resistance (paclitaxel, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil) in TNBC cell lines. Similarly, DDX58-KO cells also showed multiple chemo-drugs resistance in a dosage-dependent manner. In the CDX model, tumours in the DDX58-KO group had a 25% reduction in the tumour growth inhibition rate (IR) compared to wild-type (WT) group after doxorubicin (Dox) treatment. The depletion of DDX58 inhibited proliferation and promoted the migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells. The findings of our research indicated that DDX58-KO cells exhibit a reduction in Dox-induced apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Dox treatment leads to a significant increase in the expression of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) and activates the DDX58-Type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathway, ultimately promoting apoptosis in TNBC cells.DiscussionIn the process of TNBC chemotherapy, the deficiency of DDX58 can inhibit Dox-induced apoptosis, revealing a new pathway of chemotherapy resistance, and providing a possibility for developing personalized treatment strategies based on DDX58 expression levels

Potential hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic bioactive constituents in Cyclocarya paliurus leaves explored by affinity ultrafiltration with α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase

Abstract Cyclocarya paliurus has been widely applied for therapeutic feeding as a traditional Chinese medicine homologous food with high nutritional and medical value. Nevertheless, the specific bioactive compounds liable for hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties and underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. In the present study, the in vitro hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of C. paliurus were assessed by α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibition assays, and the results indicated that 70% ethanol extract exhibited remarkable α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 3.14 μg/mL and 0.98 μg/mL, respectively. A total of 18 and 15 potential ligand candidates were screened, and the chemical structures were characterized. Furthermore, the docking result showed that chlorogenic acid, quercetin, kaempferol 3‐O‐rhamnoside, and pterocaryoside A contributed to the underlying hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of C. paliurus, further strengthened the bindings of the enzyme‐ligand complex and suppressed the enzyme's activity with the binding energies ranged from −4.00 to −6.31 kcal/mol. The interrelations between the specific bioactive constituents, α‐glucosidase or lipase, and hypoglycemic or hypolipidemic activities were also carified. The present study reveals substantial prospects of C. paliurus to be developed as a natural dietotherapy, disease‐prevention, and healthcare for diabetes and obesity in the near future

Complete chloroplast genome of Eucampia zodiacus (Mediophyceae, Bacillariophyta)

The cosmopolitan phytoplankton species Eucampia zodiacus Ehrenberg 1839 is a common harmful algal bloom (HAB) species with significant negative ecological impact. However, molecular information for this HAB species is limited. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) of E. zodiacus was constructed for the first time. The circular genome was 118,107 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeats (IR) (6991 bp each). The overall GC content of E. zodiacus cpDNA was 31.64%. It encoded 169 genes, including 131 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 30 tRNA genes, one tmRNA gene, one ncRNA gene, and six rRNA genes in IR regions. Phylogenetic analysis using concatenated PCGs of 56 diatom cpDNAs strongly supported that E. zodiacus was closely related to Cerataulina daemon, which belongs to the same family Hemiaulaceae according to AlgaeBase. Syntenic analysis revealed nearly identical gene order between the two cpDNAs, except for an inversion in the small single-copy (SSC) region

Changes in Soil C and N Stocks and Their Effects on Rice Yield under Long-Term Upland-Paddy Rotations

Observations of the effects of long-term paddy-upland rotations on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks are scarce. This experiment aimed to examine soil C and N stock characteristics and their relationships with rice yield using four long-term rotation systems. The results showed that in the topsoil at 50 cm, compared to rice-fallow (RF), rice-potato with rice straw mulch and return (RP) and rice-Chinese milk vetch (RC) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) stock by 19.67% and 15.29%, total nitrogen (TN) stock by 20.40% and 18.54%, and available nitrogen (AN) density by 61.54% and 34.44%, respectively; while rice-wheat (RW) increased AN density by 30.24%. Furthermore, the increases in densities of soil C and N at 20–30 cm were likely to increase rice above biomass and yield. The highest soil C and N densities were observed in RP, which was the best choice for increasing soil nutrients and rice yield. In addition, SOC, TN, and AN had obvious stratification and surface aggregation characteristics, and more than 70% of the total stocks were concentrated at the top 30 cm. These results provide a theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation of rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

Improved Energy Storage Performance of All-Organic Composite Dielectric via Constructing Sandwich Structure

Improving the energy storage density of dielectrics without sacrificing charge-discharge energy storage efficiency and reliability is crucial to the performance improvement of modern electrical and electronic systems, but traditional methods of doping high-dielectric ceramics cannot achieve high energy storage densities without sacrificing reliability and storage efficiency. Here, an all-organic energy storage dielectric composed of ferroelectric and linear polymer with a sandwich structure is proposed and successfully prepared by the electrostatic spinning method. Additionally, the effect of the ferroelectric/linear volume ratio on the dielectric properties, breakdown, and energy storage is systematically studied. The results show that the structure has good energy storage characteristics with a high energy storage density (9.7 J/cm3) and a high energy storage efficiency (78%). In addition, the energy storage density of the composite dielectric under high energy storage efficiency (90%) is effectively improved (25%). This result provides theoretical analysis and experience for the preparation of multilayer energy storage dielectrics which will promote the development and application of energy storage dielectrics