Research on damage mechanism of bearing current in high power motor

In the running process of high power motor, the shaft voltage and bearing current are sometimes present. Under the combined action of the current and the mechanical load, the corrugated groove is formed on the bearing race. The paper analyzed the causes, forms and characteristics of the early current damage of bearing, studied the relationship between the number of shaft current size and bearing pitting attack damage, presented the theoretical calculation method of the corrugated groove, got the change rule of the corrugated groove spacing with the change of the motor speed and the mechanical load. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis, the measurement value of corrugated groove average spacing is very close to its theoretical value, and the average deviation is less than 10 %

Genome-Wide Identification and Evolution of HECT Genes in Soybean

Proteins containing domains homologous to the E6-associated protein (E6-AP) carboxyl terminus (HECT) are an important class of E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. HECT-type E3s play crucial roles in plant growth and development. However, current understanding of plant HECT genes and their evolution is very limited. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the HECT domain-containing genes in soybean. Using high-quality genome sequences, we identified 19 soybean HECT genes. The predicted HECT genes were distributed unevenly across 15 of 20 chromosomes. Nineteen of these genes were inferred to be segmentally duplicated gene pairs, suggesting that in soybean, segmental duplications have made a significant contribution to the expansion of the HECT gene family. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these HECT genes can be divided into seven groups, among which gene structure and domain architecture was relatively well-conserved. The Ka/Ks ratios show that after the duplication events, duplicated HECT genes underwent purifying selection. Moreover, expression analysis reveals that 15 of the HECT genes in soybean are differentially expressed in 14 tissues, and are often highly expressed in the flowers and roots. In summary, this work provides useful information on which further functional studies of soybean HECT genes can be based

Serum interleukin-10 level in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key anti-inflammatory cytokine, and it is associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the relationship between serum IL-10 level and IBD remains controversial. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. Articles were gathered by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Chinese Biomedical Database. Relevant studies were examined to identify their eligibility. Finally, eight studies met the inclusion criteria; these studies consisted of 211 patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC), 134 patients diagnosed with Crohn’s disease ( C D), and 131 healthy control subjects. The IL-10 levels in the serum samples of UC patients significantly increased (pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08–1.03, P = 0.022). No significant association was observed in both adult (>17 years old) and pediatric (<17 years old) UC patients in a subgroup analysis performed in terms of age among all UC patients. The relationship between serum IL-10 concentration and UC patients did not differ as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and no significant differences were observed when Bio-Plex technology and Luminex assay were used for analyses. There is no statistical difference of serum IL-10 levels between patients with UC and CD. Results suggest that the IL-10 levels increased in UC patients compared with the control group, and such increase contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of UC. Therefore, serum IL-10 level may be a noninvasive biomarker for UC patients

The complete chloroplast genome of Syringa oblata (Oleaceae)

Syringa oblata Lindl. is a popular ornamental shrub with aroma compounds. Here, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of S. oblata. The complete chloroplast genome of S. oblata is 155,648 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeated (IRa and IRb) region of 25,732 bp that are separated by a large single copy (LSC) region of 86,247 bp, and a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,937 bp. A total of 132 functional genes were annotated, including 88 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on complete chloroplast genomes suggested that S. oblata is most closely related to S. vulgaris

Identification and characterization of ncRNA-associated ceRNA networks in Arabidopsis leaf development

Abstract Background Leaf development is a complex biological process that is accompanied by wide transcriptional changes. Many protein-coding genes have been characterized in plant leaves, but little attention has been given to noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Moreover, increasing evidence indicates that an intricate interplay among RNA species, including protein-coding RNAs and ncRNAs, exists in eukaryotic transcriptomes, however, it remains elusive in plant leaves. Results We detected novel ncRNAs, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and further constructed and analyzed their associated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks in Arabidopsis leaves. Transcriptome profiling showed extensive changes during leaf development. In addition, comprehensive detection of circRNAs in other plant leaves suggested that circRNAs are widespread in plant leaves. To investigate the complex post-transcriptional interactions in Arabidopsis leaves, we constructed a global circRNA/lncRNA-associated ceRNA network. Functional analysis revealed that ceRNAs were highly correlated with leaf development. These ceRNAs could be divided into six clusters, which were enriched for different functional classes. Stage-specific ceRNA networks were further constructed and comparative analysis revealed different roles of stage common and specific hub ceRNAs. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that understanding the ceRNA interactions will lead insights into gene regulations implicated in leaf development

The roles of cross-talk epigenetic patterns in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

The epigenetic mechanisms, including histone modifications, DNA cytosine methylation, histone variants and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), play a key role in determining transcriptional outcomes. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that the different epigenetic mechanisms interplay with each other rather than work independently. In this article, we outline a framework for how different epigenetic mechanisms work with each other in Arabidopsis thaliana. We build a network of cross-talk between chromatin marks based on six classes of cross-talk interactions. The first pattern details coordinated modifications that act together to enhance or repress gene expression. The second pattern details bivalent modifications that act antagonistically toward gene expression. The third pattern is for unilateral promotion of one modification by the existence of another modification. The fourth pattern is for unilateral inhibition of one modification by another modification. The fifth pattern is for mutual inhibitory patterns. The sixth pattern is for epigenetic modifications that appear independent. We also explore the mutual regulation between chromatin marks and ncRNAs in various ways. These regulations can be divided into six parts: how ncRNA affects the binding of chromatin mark, such as miR2Epi, siR2Epi and lncR2Epi; how chromatin mark regulates ncRNA, such as Epi2miR, Epi2siR and Epi2lncR. A comprehensive network of cross-talk between different epigenetic mechanisms will help in fully understanding the functional roles and biological impacts of epigenetic regulation

Non-coding RNAs and Their Roles in Stress Response in Plants

Eukaryotic genomes encode thousands of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which play crucial roles in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Accumulating evidence indicates that ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), have emerged as key regulatory molecules in plant stress responses. In this review, we have summarized the current progress on the understanding of plant miRNA and lncRNA identification, characteristics, bioinformatics tools, and resources, and provided examples of mechanisms of miRNA- and lncRNA-mediated plant stress tolerance. Keywords: lncRNA, miRNA, Stress response, RNA-directed DNA methylation, Small RN