Vivienda social y localización en 4 barrios de la ciudad de Sincelejo-Sucre

La ciudad de Sincelejo, capital del departamento de Sucre, ha contado en los últimos años con el desarrollo de programas de vivienda social como parte de políticas del Estado Colombiano, a fin de solucionar la problemática de personas sin recursos que no poseen una vivienda. Por lo cual se hace necesario evaluar el habitar en estas viviendas sociales y cómo la localización en los barrios donde encuentran permite o no integrar a la población beneficiaria con la ciudad de Sincelejo; como centro de oportunidades a nivel de educación, trabajo, servicios de salud, ocio, y seguridad. Apoyándose en información que se tomó de los beneficiarios por medio de una encuesta que se divide en tres dimensiones: Dimensión A: Conociendo al beneficiario; Dimensión B: Conociendo la vivienda social (Donde habitan los beneficiarios) y Dimensión C: localización de las viviendas sociales en los distintos barrios. Aplicada en 4 grupos de viviendas entregadas en el año 2015 distribuidas en los barrios Altos de la Sabana, Villa Orieta V etapa, Tierra Grata II Etapa, Villa Karen. La información resultante da las pautas que en 3 aspectos: Conociendo al beneficiario, Conociendo la vivienda social (Donde habitan los beneficiarios) y localización de las viviendas a fin de crear nuevas posibilidades de soluciones arquitectónicas para el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida. Los resultados, además arrojan nuevas estrategias de diseño; desde incluir un cuarto adicional, que permita cumplir con división de géneros, vida marital de jefes de hogar, disminuir hacinamientos por habitación, etc. Que el Estado podría las incluir en sus nuevas propuestas. Permitiendo así las mejoras en las condiciones físicas para que las nuevas residencias no se conviertan en los antiguos lugares de residencia y el acercamiento de post evaluación de política pública por medio de un bien entregado desde la percepción de la población beneficiaria

Fighting obesity: non-pharmacological interventions

The abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that impairs health is one of the criteria that fulfills obesity. According to epidemiological data, obesity has become a worldwide public health problem that in turn would trigger additional pathologies such as cardiorespiratory dysfunctions, cancer, gastrointestinal disturbances, depression, sleep disorders, just to mention a few.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A single dose polyanhydride-based vaccine platform promotes and maintains anti-GnRH antibody titers

Traditionally, vaccination strategies require an initial priming vaccination followed by an antigen boost to generate adequate immunity. Here we describe vaccination against a self-peptide for reproductive sterilization utilizing a three-stage vaccine platform consisting of gonadotropin releasing hormone multiple antigenic peptide (GnRH-MAP) as a soluble injection coupled with subcutaneous administration of polyanhydride-immobilized GnRH-MAP and a cyto-exclusive implant containing GnRH-MAP dendrimer-loaded polyanhydride. This strategy generated and maintained cell-mediated and humoral immunity for up to 41 weeks after a single vaccination in mice with enhanced antibody avidity over time. All intact implants had a grossly visible tissue interface with neovascularization and lymphocytic aggregates. Despite detectable immunity, sterility was not achieved and the immune response did not lead to azoospermia in male mice nor prevent estrus and ovulation in female mice. However, the vaccine delivery device is tunable and the immunogen, adjuvants and release rates can all be modified to enhance immunity. This technology has broad implications for the development of long-term vaccination schemes

Centerscope

Centerscope, formerly Scope, was published by the Boston University Medical Center "to communicate the concern of the Medical Center for the development and maintenance of improved health care in contemporary society.

Characterization of dengue cases among patients with an acute illness, Central Department, Paraguay

Corresponding authors: Alejandra Rojas, [email protected]; Jesse Waggoner, [email protected]. In 2018, Paraguay experienced a large dengue virus (DENV) outbreak. The primary objective of this study was to characterize dengue cases in the Central Department, where the majority of cases occur, and identify factors associated with DENV infection. Methods. Patients were enrolled from January-May 2018 if they presented with a suspected arboviral illness. Acute-phase specimens (≤8 days after symptom onset) were tested using rRT-PCR, a rapid diagnostic test for DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and anti-DENV IgM and IgG, and ELISA for IgG against NS1 from Zika virus (ZIKV). Results. A total of 231 patients were enrolled (95.2% adults) at two sites: emergency care and an outpatient clinical site. Patients included 119 (51.5%) dengue cases confirmed by rRT-PCR (n = 115, 96.6%) and/or the detection of NS1 and anti-DENV IgM (n = 4, 3.4%). DENV-1 was the predominant serotype (109/115, 94.8%). Epidemiologically, dengue cases and non-dengue cases were similar, though dengue cases were less likely to reside in a house/apartment or report a previous dengue case. Clinical and laboratory findings associated with dengue included red eyes, absence of sore throat, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. At an emergency care site, 26% of dengue cases (26/100) required hospitalization. In univariate analysis, hospitalization was associated with increased viral load, anti-DENV IgG, and thrombocytopenia. Among dengue cases that tested positive for IgG against ZIKV NS1, the odds of DENV NS1 detection in the acute phase were decreased 10-fold (OR 0.1, 0.0–0.3). Conclusions. Findings from a predominantly adult population demonstrate clinical and laboratory factors associated with DENV infections and the potential severity of dengue in this group. The combination of viral load and specific IgG antibodies warrant further study as a prognostic to identify patients at risk for severe disease.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Financiamiento para la vinculación de científicos y tecnólogo

Búsqueda de los virus del nilo occidental, de la encefalitis de san Luis y de la encefalitis equina venezolana en mosquitos de Paraguay – resultados preliminares.

El objetivo general del proyecto fue determinar la presencia de arbovirus encefalíticos (VEEV, WNV y SLEV) en poblaciones humanas y de mosquitos de Paraguay.CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Búsqueda de virus encefalíticos (wnv, slev y veev) en sueros de pacientes con sospecha de síndrome febril agudo y trastornos neurológicos.

Los virus del Nilo Occidental (WNV), de la Encefalitis de San Luis (SLEV) y de la Encefalitis Equina Venezolana (VEEV) pueden producir enfermedades febriles agudas que podrían ser confundidas con el dengue u otras patologías; también pueden causar trastornos neurológicos graves. Estos virus todavía no han sido detectados en nuestro país, sin embargo, existen reportes de circulación de los mismos en países limítrofes. El Paraguay cuenta con las condiciones favorables para propiciar el mantenimiento del ciclo de transmisión de estos virus, por lo que se considera de suma importancia el estudio de ellos en pacientes con afecciones previamente mencionadas.CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the transcriptome structure of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 using RNA-Seq

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Clostridium beijerinckii </it>is an important solvent producing microorganism. The genome of <it>C. beijerinckii </it>NCIMB 8052 has recently been sequenced. Although transcriptome structure is important in order to reveal the functional and regulatory architecture of the genome, the physical structure of transcriptome for this strain, such as the operon linkages and transcript boundaries are not well understood.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we conducted a single-nucleotide resolution analysis of the <it>C. beijerinckii </it>NCIMB 8052 transcriptome using high-throughput RNA-Seq technology. We identified the transcription start sites and operon structure throughout the genome. We confirmed the structure of important gene operons involved in metabolic pathways for acid and solvent production in <it>C. beijerinckii </it>8052, including <it>pta</it>-<it>ack</it>, <it>ptb</it>-<it>buk</it>, <it>hbd</it>-<it>etfA</it>-<it>etfB</it>-<it>crt </it>(<it>bcs</it>) and <it>ald</it>-<it>ctfA</it>-<it>ctfB</it>-<it>adc </it>(<it>sol</it>) operons; we also defined important operons related to chemotaxis/motility, transcriptional regulation, stress response and fatty acids biosynthesis along with others. We discovered 20 previously non-annotated regions with significant transcriptional activities and 15 genes whose translation start codons were likely mis-annotated. As a consequence, the accuracy of existing genome annotation was significantly enhanced. Furthermore, we identified 78 putative silent genes and 177 putative housekeeping genes based on normalized transcription measurement with the sequence data. We also observed that more than 30% of pseudogenes had significant transcriptional activities during the fermentation process. Strong correlations exist between the expression values derived from RNA-Seq analysis and microarray data or qRT-PCR results.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Transcriptome structural profiling in this research provided important supplemental information on the accuracy of genome annotation, and revealed additional gene functions and regulation in <it>C. beijerinckii</it>.</p