Óxidos de colesterol en alimentos cocinados con presencia habitual en nuestra dieta

Cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) have shown different toxic effects and are involved in the development of atherosclerosis. These compounds can be found in animal organisms, and inconsequence in animal origin foods, and they are susceptible to be absorbed from the diet. Their formation in foods would be increased by high temperatures and the presence of oxygen, as it is a chemical oxidation process. In this paper, an estimation of the presence of COPs in different types of foods treated by different cooking technologies are shown. Also different storage conditions are studied. The analysis was carried out by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. Both fish (salmon and shrimps) and meat (hamburgers, breast chicken, pork loin and frankfurters) showed low COPs values in raw products (0.003-0.552 mg/100 g food), increasing significantly after the application of cooking technologies (up to 0.7 mg/100 g food). Microwave treatment leaded to the highest increase of COPs in comparison to frying, grilling and roasting. Vacuum storage dramatically decreased COPs formation with regard to aerobic storage. Freezing minimized COPs formation more efficiently than refrigeration.Los productos de oxidación del colesterol (COPs) poseen demostrados efectos tóxicos y están implicados en el desarrollo de aterosclerosis. Pueden estar presentes en organismos animales y por ende, en alimentos de origen animal, siendo susceptibles de ser absorbidos a través de la dieta. Su formación en los alimentos se favorecería, al tratarse de un proceso de oxidación química, por la elevación de la temperatura y la presencia de oxígeno. En este trabajo se presenta una estimación de la presencia de COPs en diferentes tipos de alimentos cocinados mediante diferentes tecnologías culinarias y almacenados mediante distintas modalidades de conservación. El análisis se llevó a cabo por cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas. Tanto pescados (salmón y langostinos) como carnes (hamburguesas, pechugas de pollo, lomo y salchichas tipo frankfurt) mostraron valores bajos de COPs en crudo (0.003-0.552 mg/100 g alimento), incrementándose significativamente tras el cocinado (hasta 0.7 mg/100 g alimento). El cocinado con microondas supuso el mayor incremento de COPs en comparación con la fritura, plancha y asado. El almacenamiento a vacío disminuyó drásticamente la formación de COPs respecto al almacenamiento en aerobiosis. La congelación ralentizó más eficazmente la formación de COPs que la refrigeración

Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: Reference anthropometric measurements

Background: Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism. Methods: A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50 men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I, mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured non-invasively using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin areas were identified. Results: Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men. Conclusions: Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable differences in size between sexes.Sin financiación1.911 JCR (2019) Q3, 38/91 Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine0.731 SJR (2019) Q1, 22/148 Dentistry (miscellaneous)No data IDR 2019UE

Salivary Markers of Oxidative Stress in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment with Clear Aligners versus Self-Ligating Brackets: A Non-Randomized Clinical Trial

The aim of this work was to determine advanced the oxidative protein products (AOPPs), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) in the saliva of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear removable aligners in comparison with another group in treatment with fixed passive self-ligating brackets applying light forces, before treatment, after 30 days, and after 90 days of treatment. This non-randomized clinical trial recruited patients consecutively, all of which were over 18 years of age and due to undergo orthodontic treatment. They were divided into two groups according to treatment type: Group A, 48 patients treated with clear aligners (Invisalign®); and Group B, 19 patients treated with Damon System® 0.22” self-ligating brackets applying light forces. Saliva samples were collected by a single clinician following the same protocol and underwent three analyses—AOPPs, TAC, and MPO levels–at baseline before placing the apparatus, after 30 days, and after 90 days treatment. Orthodontic treatment, whether with clear aligners or fixed self-ligating brackets and light forces, increased AOPPs after the first 30 days of treatment. During the initial phases of orthodontic treatment, neither clear aligners nor fixed self-ligating brackets applying light forces showed changes in TAC and MPO. Orthodontic treatment with both clear aligners and fixed apparatus self-ligating brackets applying light forces increases oxidative stress (AOPPs) after the first 30 days of treatment. There are no differences in AOPP levels between treatment with clear aligners and self-ligating brackets during the first 90 days of treatment. The antioxidative capacity of saliva during the initial phases of orthodontic treatment, whether with self-ligating brackets or clear aligners, does not undergo significant changes. With either orthodontic technique, the patients’ salivary antioxidant capacity is similar

Bacterial Influence on Consolidation of Bone Grafts in Maxillary Sinus Elevation

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify microorganisms present on the maxillary sinus floor at the moment of sinus elevation surgery and, using tomography, to investigate the repercussions these might have for regenerated bone 9 months after the procedure. Materials and methods: 174 patients (90 women and 84 men) with a mean age of 55.92 years underwent 227 sinus elevations (120 left sinus, 107 right sinus). As the membrane was lifted, a sample of the maxillary sinus floor was collected with a cotton swab, and placed on a blood agar and chocolate agar culture to incubate for 48 h at 37°C; the samples then underwent microbiological analysis. Orthopantomographs and computerized tomographs were made immediately after the sinus grafting and after 9 months to measure the amount of remaining and regenerated bone in vertical and transversal direction. Results: 18.1% of 227 cultures were bacteria-positive. 45% of the germs were of the Streptococcus genus, most of which belonged to the S. viridans group (61.1%). Patients presenting negative cultures had 5% more regenerated bone than patients with bacteria-positive cultures, which represents an additional 2.28 mmof vertical bone (with a confidence interval between 0.83 mm and 3.73 mm). Conclusions: Patients with bacteria-positive cultures obtained previously to the sinus grafting procedure have greater risk of bone height loss after 9 months, which indicates that bacterial contamination may influence bone graft regeneration.Sin financiación3.624 JCR (2016) Q1, 6/90 Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine, 11/77 Engineering, BiomedicalUE

The antibiotic of choice determined by antibiogram in maxillary sinus elevation surgery: A clinical study

Objectives: This study set out to make antibiograms of positive bacteria cultures in samples collected when performing maxillary sinus elevations to determine a specific and effective antibiotic in each case. Material and methods: A total of 174 patients (90 women and 84 men) with a mean age of 55.92 years underwent 227 sinus elevations. As the membrane was lifted, a sample was collected from the maxillary sinus floor with a cotton swab and placed on a blood agar and chocolate agar culture to incubate for 48 h at 37°; the samples then underwent microbiological analysis. Antibiograms were made for each positive culture to identify the most sensitive antibiotic, which were regrouped according to their mechanism of action as: beta-lactam (penicillins), beta-lactam (cephalosporins), macrolides, quinolones, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Results: Of 227 cultures, 18.1% were bacteria-positive. Of the germs, 45% were of the Streptococcus genus, most of which belonged to the Streptococcus viridans group (61.1%). The germs studied showed greater resistance to macrolides and greater sensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins, and ciprofloxacin. The antibiotics that showed the greatest efficacy were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Conclusions: On the basis of antibiograms of positive cultures, the antibiotics presenting the greatest efficacy against possible complications were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Clinically, the antibiograms proved useful as they allowed the prescription of specific antibiotics to resolve possible postoperative sinus infections.Sin financiación3.825 JCR (2018) Q1, 5/91 Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine2.344 SJR (2018) Q1, 1/50 Oral SurgeryNo data IDR 2018UE

Update of Surgical Techniques for Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Systematic Literature Review

Objective: A wide range of surgical techniques are available for maxillary sinus augmentation. This review aimed to determine which techniques have achieved the highest success rates and so offer the greatest predictability. Materials and methods: A systematic literature review was performed using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases, identifying clinical trials that assessed different surgical techniques for maxillary sinus augmentation, and registered the success rates of subsequent implant placement. Results: A total of 40 articles described clinical studies involving different maxillary sinus augmentation procedures with follow-up periods of at least 6 months after dental implant placement. Implant success rates varied between 94% and 100% during the follow-up periods. Conclusion: A wide variety of clinical techniques are available for maxillary sinus augmentation; the choice of the technique will depend chiefly on the characteristics of the edentulous site, which will permit or prevent the placement of the implant at the moment of sinus augmentation surgery.Sin financiación1.107 JCR Q3, 67/790 Dentistry, Oral Surgery & MedicineUE

RELATEC : revista latinoamericana de tecnología educativa

Resumen en inglésResumen tomado de la publicaciónLos objetivos generales de la asignatura Experimentación en Química Física son: aprender a organizar un cuaderno de laboratorio, estructurar y analizar la información generada en el laboratorio de forma científicamente correcta, comprender el funcionamiento del instrumental utilizado y comprender y saber manejar los conceptos y cálculos realizados en las prácticas. Para que la evaluación de la asignatura se adaptase a todos los objetivos, se ha incluido recientemente una prueba experimental. Este hecho hacía conveniente proporcionar material nuevo para su preparación. La mayor presencia de las nuevas tecnologías de la información nos ha permitido crear un conjunto de vídeos asequibles a través de internet sobre el funcionamiento de los aparatos del laboratorio y unos test de autoevaluación sobre contenidos y los cálculos. Aunque el porcentaje de utilización en el primer curso de aplicación ha sido escaso, los alumnos señalan la utilidad del material para preparar los exámenes con información adicional a la de guiones y manuales así como la posibilidad que ofrece de detectar errores y ejercitarse en el manejo de conceptos y cálculosES