Uso de goma de soja como emulsificante em dietas para poedeiras comerciais

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the inclusion of soybean (Glycine max) gum in the diet of laying hens on egg production, egg external and internal quality, and economic viability, as well as of temperature and storage time on the oxidative stability of eggs. One hundred and eighty 40-week-old Lohmann-LSL layers were fed 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% soybean gum in the diet. In the economic analysis, the average productive performance of the layers and the cost of feed were considered. In order to evaluate oxidative stability, eggs were stored at room temperature (~30oC) or refrigerated (5oC) for 0, 7, and 21 days. The inclusion of soybean gum in the diet increased feed intake and also egg production, average weight, and mass. Soybean gum improved external and internal egg quality parameters, but reduced the Haugh unit. Oxidative stability was higher in eggs from hens fed 4% gum, at 5oC, for 21 days; however, the largest economic return was with 1% gum. The inclusion of soybean gum promotes improvements in the production, external and internal quality, and oxidative stability of eggs from commercial laying hens.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da inclusão de goma de soja (Glycine max) na dieta de poedeiras comerciais sobre a produção de ovos, a qualidade externa e interna dos ovos, e a viabilidade econômica, bem como da temperatura e do tempo de armazenamento sobre a estabilidade oxidativa dos ovos. Cento e oitenta poedeiras Lohmann-LSL com 40 semanas de idade foram alimentadas com 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5% de goma de soja na dieta. Na análise econômica, foram considerados o desempenho produtivo médio das poedeiras e o custo da ração. Para a avaliação da estabilidade oxidativa, os ovos foram armazenados à temperatura ambiente (~ 30oC) ou sob refrigeração (5oC) por 0, 7 e 21 dias. A inclusão de goma de soja na dieta aumentou o consumo de ração e também a produção, o peso médio e a massa dos ovos. A goma de soja melhorou os parâmetros de qualidade externa e interna dos ovos, mas reduziu a unidade de Haugh. A estabilidade oxidativa foi maior nos ovos de galinhas alimentadas com 4% de goma, a 5oC, por 21 dias; entretanto, o maior retorno econômico foi com 1% de goma. A inclusão de goma de soja promove melhorias na produção, na qualidade externa e interna, e na estabilidade oxidativa dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais

Effects of ω-3 PUFA-Rich Oil Supplementation on Cardiovascular Morphology and Aortic Vascular Reactivity of Adult Male Rats Submitted to an Hypercholesterolemic Diet

Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease associated with abnormalities of vascular functions. The consumption of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids can be considered a strategy to reduce clinical events related to atherosclerosis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of supplementation with 310 mg of ω-3 PUFAs (2:1 eicosapentaenoic/docosahexaenoic acids) for 56 days on rats with hypercholesterolemia induced by a diet containing cholesterol (0.1%), cholic acid (0.5%), and egg yolk. Serum biochemical parameters were determined by the enzymatic colorimetric method. Assessment of vascular effects was performed by analysis of histological sections of the heart and aortic arch stained with hematoxylin and eosin and vascular reactivity of the aorta artery. We observed that treatment with ω-3 PUFAs did not promote alterations in lipid profile. On the other hand, we documented a favorable reduction in liver biomarkers, as well as contributions to the preservation of heart and aortic arch morphologies. Interestingly, the vascular reactivity of rat thoracic aortic preparations was improved after treatment with ω-3 PUFAs, with a decrease in hyperreactivity to phenylephrine and increased vasorelaxation promoted by acetylcholine. Our findings suggest that the supplementation of hypercholesterolemic rats with ω-3 PUFAs promoted improvement in liver and vascular endothelial function as well as preserving heart and aortic tissue, reinforcing the early health benefits of ω-3 PUFAs in the development of atherosclerotic plaque and further related events

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2012: volume 6: formação de professores e trabalho docente

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data