139 research outputs found
Quasi-Two Dimensional Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors with Arbitrary Carrier Degeneracy
In the framework of the generalized mean field theory, conditions for arising
the ferromagnetic state in a two-dimensional diluted magnetic semiconductor and
the features of that state are defined. RKKY-interaction of magnetic impurities
is supposed. The spatial disorder of their arrangement and temperature
alteration of the carrier degeneracy are taken into account
Magnetic properties of nanosized diluted magnetic semiconductors with band splitting
The continual model of the nonuniform magnetism in thin films and wires of a
diluted magnetic semiconductor is considered with taking into account the
finite spin polarization of carriers responsible for the indirect interaction
of magnetic impurities (e.g. via RKKY mechanism). Spatial distributions (across
the film thickness or the wire radius) of the magnetizaton and carrier
concentrations of different spin orientations, as well as the temperature
dependence of the average magnetization are determined as the solution of the
nonlinear integral equation
Piezomagnetism and Stress Induced Paramagnetic Meissner Effect in Mechanically Loaded High-T_c Granular Superconductors
Two novel phenomena in a weakly coupled granular superconductor under an
applied stress are predicted which are based on recently suggested piezophase
effect (a macroscopic quantum analog of the piezoelectric effect) in
mechanically loaded grain boundary Josephson junctions. Namely, we consider the
existence of stress induced paramagnetic moment in zero applied magnetic field
(piezomagnetism) and its influence on a low-field magnetization (leading to a
mechanically induced paramagnetic Meissner effect). The conditions under which
these two effects can be experimentally measured in high-T_$ granular
superconductors are discussed.Comment: 4 pages (REVTEX, epsf.sty), 2 PS figure
Quantum Size Effect transition in percolating nanocomposite films
We report on unique electronic properties in Fe-SiO2 nanocomposite thin films
in the vicinity of the percolation threshold. The electronic transport is
dominated by quantum corrections to the metallic conduction of the Infinite
Cluster (IC). At low temperature, mesoscopic effects revealed on the
conductivity, Hall effect experiments and low frequency electrical noise
(random telegraph noise and 1/f noise) strongly support the existence of a
temperature-induced Quantum Size Effect (QSE) transition in the metallic
conduction path. Below a critical temperature related to the geometrical
constriction sizes of the IC, the electronic conductivity is mainly governed by
active tunnel conductance across barriers in the metallic network. The high 1/f
noise level and the random telegraph noise are consistently explained by random
potential modulation of the barriers transmittance due to local Coulomb
charges. Our results provide evidence that a lowering of the temperature is
somehow equivalent to a decrease of the metal fraction in the vicinity of the
percolation limit.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figure
The atomic structure of large-angle grain boundaries and in and their transport properties
We present the results of a computer simulation of the atomic structures of
large-angle symmetrical tilt grain boundaries (GBs) (misorientation
angles \q{36.87}{^{\circ}} and \q{53.13}{^{\circ}}),
(misorientation angles \q{22.62}{^{\circ}} and \q{67.38}{^{\circ}}). The
critical strain level criterion (phenomenological criterion)
of Chisholm and Pennycook is applied to the computer simulation data to
estimate the thickness of the nonsuperconducting layer enveloping
the grain boundaries. The is estimated also by a bond-valence-sum
analysis. We propose that the phenomenological criterion is caused by the
change of the bond lengths and valence of atoms in the GB structure on the
atomic level. The macro- and micro- approaches become consistent if the
is greater than in earlier papers. It is predicted that the
symmetrical tilt GB \theta = \q{53.13}{^{\circ}} should demonstrate
a largest critical current across the boundary.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Magnetic field induced polarization effects in intrinsically granular superconductors
Based on the previously suggested model of nanoscale dislocations induced
Josephson junctions and their arrays, we study the magnetic field induced
electric polarization effects in intrinsically granular superconductors. In
addition to a new phenomenon of chemomagnetoelectricity, the model predicts
also a few other interesting effects, including charge analogues of Meissner
paramagnetism (at low fields) and "fishtail" anomaly (at high fields). The
conditions under which these effects can be experimentally measured in
non-stoichiometric high-T_c superconductors are discussed.Comment: 10 pages (REVTEX), 5 EPS figures; revised version accepted for
publication in JET
Chemomagnetism, magnetoconcentration effect and "fishtail" anomaly in chemically-induced granular superconductors
Within a 2D model of Josephson junction arrays (created by 2D network of twin
boundary dislocations with strain fields acting as insulating barrier between
hole-rich domains in underdoped crystals), a few novel effects expected to
occur in intrinsically granular material are predicted including: (i) Josephson
chemomagnetism (chemically induced magnetic moment in zero applied magnetic
field) and its influence on a low-field magnetization (chemically induced
paramagnetic Meissner effect), and (ii) magnetoconcentration effect (creation
of oxygen vacancies in applied magnetic field) and its influence on a
high-field magnetization (chemically induced analog of "fishtail" anomaly). The
conditions under which these effects can be experimentally measured in
non-stoichiometric high-T_c superconductors are discussed.Comment: 5 LaTeX pages (jetpl.sty included), 3 EPS figures. To be published in
JETP Letters (January 2003
Controlled Transformation of Electrical, Magnetic and Optical Material Properties by Ion Beams
Key circumstance of radical progress for technology of XXI century is the
development of a technique which provides controllable producing
three-dimensional patterns incorporating regions of nanometer sizes and
required physical and chemical properties. Our paper for the first time
proposes the method of purposeful direct transformation of the most important
substance physical properties, such as electrical, magnetic, optical and others
by controllable modification of solid state atomic constitution.
The basis of the new technology is discovered by us effect of selective atom
removing out of thin di- and polyatomic films by beams of accelerated
particles. Potentials of that technique have been investigated and confirmed by
our numerous experiments. It has been shown, particularly, that selective atom
removing allows to transform in a controllable way insulators into metals,
non-magnetics into magnetics, to change radically optical features and some
other properties of materials.
The opportunity to remove selectively atoms of a certain sort out of solid
state compounds is, as such, of great interest in creating technology
associated primarily with needs of nanoelectronics as well as many other
"nano-problems" of XXI century.Comment: 22 pages, PDF, 9 figure
The Flux-Line Lattice in Superconductors
Magnetic flux can penetrate a type-II superconductor in form of Abrikosov
vortices. These tend to arrange in a triangular flux-line lattice (FLL) which
is more or less perturbed by material inhomogeneities that pin the flux lines,
and in high- supercon- ductors (HTSC's) also by thermal fluctuations. Many
properties of the FLL are well described by the phenomenological
Ginzburg-Landau theory or by the electromagnetic London theory, which treats
the vortex core as a singularity. In Nb alloys and HTSC's the FLL is very soft
mainly because of the large magnetic penetration depth: The shear modulus of
the FLL is thus small and the tilt modulus is dispersive and becomes very small
for short distortion wavelength. This softness of the FLL is enhanced further
by the pronounced anisotropy and layered structure of HTSC's, which strongly
increases the penetration depth for currents along the c-axis of these uniaxial
crystals and may even cause a decoupling of two-dimensional vortex lattices in
the Cu-O layers. Thermal fluctuations and softening may melt the FLL and cause
thermally activated depinning of the flux lines or of the 2D pancake vortices
in the layers. Various phase transitions are predicted for the FLL in layered
HTSC's. The linear and nonlinear magnetic response of HTSC's gives rise to
interesting effects which strongly depend on the geometry of the experiment.Comment: Review paper for Rep.Prog.Phys., 124 narrow pages. The 30 figures do
not exist as postscript file
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