The Primacy-of-Warmth Effect on Spontaneous Trait Inferences and the Moderating Role of Trait Valence: Evidence From Chinese Undergraduates

Research has shown that warmth and competence are the fundamental content dimensions underlying social judgment, and warmth judgments are primary. However, the overwhelming majority of research concerning “primacy-of-warmth” rests on trait judgment or lexical recognition, and little attention has been paid to spontaneous trait inferences (STIs) that are made on exposure to trait-implying behaviors. Two studies were performed to examine the primacy-of-warmth effect on STIs and to further explore whether trait valence moderates the effect. Consistent with our expectations, the results of Experiments 1 and 2 (for spontaneous trait activation and spontaneous trait binding, respectively) consistently demonstrated the primacy-of-warmth on STIs. Participants were more likely to draw STIs from behaviors implying warmth traits than those implying competence traits. Moreover, the primacy-of-warmth effect on STIs was moderated by trait valence. In concrete terms, participants were more likely to draw STIs from negative warmth behavioral sentences than negative competence behavioral sentences, whereas participants draw STIs from positive warmth behavioral sentences and from positive competence behavioral sentences equally. An original contribution made by our study is that we obtained the primacy-of-warmth effect on STIs, providing further evidence for the primacy-of-warmth effect in the domain of implicit social cognition

Synthesis of dental resins using diatomite and nano-sized SiO2 and TiO2

AbstractThe mechanical properties of dental composites were improved by porous diatomite and nano-sized silica (OX-50) used as co-fillers. The resin composites, filled with silanized OX-50 and silanized diatomite (40:60wt/wt), presented the best flexural strength (133.1MPa), elastic modulus (9.5GPa) and Vickers microhardness (104.0HV). Besides these, TiO2 nanoparticles were introduced to tune the dental resin composites colours which were valued by the CIE-Lab system. The colour parameters (L⁎, a⁎, b⁎) showed that the colour changes of resin composites could be perceived obviously, when 300–400nm TiO2 particles were introduced as fillers. The resin composite, filled with 0.5wt% TiO2, exhibited both clear discolouration (ΔE⁎=3.22) and high mechanical strength. Using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), the titanium elemental mapping results indicated that the TiO2 particles were distributed evenly in the prepared dental composites

Cross-modal self-attention mechanism for controlling robot volleyball motion

IntroductionThe emergence of cross-modal perception and deep learning technologies has had a profound impact on modern robotics. This study focuses on the application of these technologies in the field of robot control, specifically in the context of volleyball tasks. The primary objective is to achieve precise control of robots in volleyball tasks by effectively integrating information from different sensors using a cross-modal self-attention mechanism.MethodsOur approach involves the utilization of a cross-modal self-attention mechanism to integrate information from various sensors, providing robots with a more comprehensive scene perception in volleyball scenarios. To enhance the diversity and practicality of robot training, we employ Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to synthesize realistic volleyball scenarios. Furthermore, we leverage transfer learning to incorporate knowledge from other sports datasets, enriching the process of skill acquisition for robots.ResultsTo validate the feasibility of our approach, we conducted experiments where we simulated robot volleyball scenarios using multiple volleyball-related datasets. We measured various quantitative metrics, including accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 score. The experimental results indicate a significant enhancement in the performance of our approach in robot volleyball tasks.DiscussionThe outcomes of this study offer valuable insights into the application of multi-modal perception and deep learning in the field of sports robotics. By effectively integrating information from different sensors and incorporating synthetic data through GANs and transfer learning, our approach demonstrates improved robot performance in volleyball tasks. These findings not only advance the field of robotics but also open up new possibilities for human-robot collaboration in sports and athletic performance improvement. This research paves the way for further exploration of advanced technologies in sports robotics, benefiting both the scientific community and athletes seeking performance enhancement through robotic assistance

Homogenisation of water and sediment bacterial communities in a shallow lake (lake Balihe, China)

Planktonic and benthic bacterial communities hold central roles in the functioning of freshwater ecosystems and mediate key ecosystem services such as primary production and nutrient remineralisation. Although it is clear that such communities vary in composition both within and between lakes, the environmental factors and processes shaping the diversity and composition of freshwater bacteria are still not fully understood. In order to assess seasonal and spatial variability in lake bacterial communities and identify environmental factors underpinning biogeographical patterns, we performed a large-scale sampling campaign with paired water and sediment sample collection at 18 locations during four seasons in Lake Balihe, a subtropical shallow fish-farming lake in mid-eastern China. Pelagic and benthic bacterial communities were distinctly different in terms of diversity, taxonomic composition and community structure, with Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria dominating lake water, and Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria dominating sediment. Nevertheless, these two communities had stronger spatial concordance and overlap in taxa during spring and autumn seasons. Together, the main drivers of both the spatial and temporal variations in Lake Balihe bacterial communities were identified as water temperature, turbidity, nitrogen and phosphorus availability, and thermal stratification controlled by wind-mixing and activity of the dense farmed fish populations. Notably, populations affiliated with Firmicutes, known to be abundant in fish gut microbiome, were especially abundant in the summer season and locations where high fish biomass was found, suggesting a potential link between fish gut microbiome and the pelagic bacterial communities. Our findings demonstrated seasonal homogenisation of pelagic and benthic bacterial communities linked to marked shifts in a set of seasonally-driven environmental variables including water temperature and nutrient availability

Electrophysiology as a prognostic indicator of visual recovery in diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery

Purpose: Visual outcomes after cataract surgery in diabetic patients with retinal or visual pathway disease are difficult to predict as the fundus may be obscured, and assessment of visual potential is challenging. This study assessed the value of visual electrophysiology as a prognostic indicator of visual recovery in diabetic patients with cataract, prior to cataract surgery. Methods: Forty-one diabetic patients (aged 52–80; 74 eyes) and 13 age-matched non-diabetic control patients (21 eyes) were examined prior to cataract surgery. Pre-surgical examinations included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp bio-microscopy, ISCEV-standard full-field electroretinography (ffERG), and flash visual evoked potential (flash VEP) testing. Electrophysiological assessments included quantification of the DA and LA ERG, oscillatory potentials (OPs; OP1, OP2, OP3, OP4) and flash VEP P1, P2, and P3 components. Post-operative BCVA was measured in all cases and the diabetic patients grouped according to the severity of visual acuity loss: mild (logMAR ≤ 0.1), moderate (0.1 < logMAR < 0.5), or severe (logMAR ≥ 0.5). A fourth group included those without diabetes. The pre-surgical electrophysiological data was compared between the four groups by analysis of variance. Results: The severity of post-surgical visual acuity loss in the diabetic patients was classified as mild (N=22 eyes), moderate (N=31 eyes), or severe (N=21 eyes). In the group without diabetes, post-surgical visual impairment was classified as mild (N=21 eyes). The pre-operative DA 10.0 ERG a-wave amplitudes, DA 3.0 ERG OP2 amplitudes, and the LA 3.0 a- and b-wave amplitudes showed best significant differences among the four groups. The flash VEP did not show significant difference between groups. Conclusion: Electrophysiological assessment of diabetic patients with cataract can provide a useful measure of retinal function. Full-field ERG components, including the DA 10.0 ERG a-wave, DA 3.0 ERG OP2 component, and the LA 3.0 a- and b-wave amplitudes, are of prognostic value in predicting post-surgical visual acuity, and may inform the surgical management of cataract patients with diabetes. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Related Liver Failure: Active Hepatitis B and Comprehensive Literature Analysis

SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination is closely associated with liver injury, and autoimmune hepatitis episodes have been described, but liver failure has not been reported. Here, we report the case of a 41-year-old man, presenting with fatigue, anorexia after activity, greasy, decreased intake, yellow urine, and occasionally acid reflux in the stomach, occurring 2–3 weeks after receiving the first dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, thought to be associated with his underlying chronic hepatitis B and fatty liver condition. The patient took the drug irregularly and did not achieve viral conversion to negative and appear rtA181T-resistant HBV mutation. Recently, the laboratory results showed abnormal liver function with high alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and there was no improvement in liver function after hepatoprotective therapy, and the serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) concentration was greater than 2.0 × 106 IU/mL. Later, after being admitted to our hospital, it was found that he was in, malaise, jaundice, his eyes and sclera were yellow, his lungs were coarse breath sounds, his liver function was abnormally elevated, and his HBV virus developed a drug-resistant mutation. He has no history of autoimmune disease and tests negative for autoimmune antibodies. He became severely ill after intermittently stopping HBV treatment, worsened liver injury after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and was diagnosed with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). By summarizing the case report, it will provide important information on the vaccine safety assessment of vaccine components, immunization routes, and dosage for people with underlying liver disease

Evaluation of Performance of Background Traffic-based CMT-SCTP with Active Queue Management Algorithms

Abstract Existing researches on performance analysis of SCTP&apos;s Concurrent Multipath Transfer (CMT-SCTP) usually use DropTail algorithm as queue management algorithm without considering the impact of the background traffic. However, the background traffic of realistic network environments has an important impact on the QoS of SCTP. Besides, more and more Active Queue Management (AQM) algorithms have been proposed as a router-based mechanism for early congestion detection to keep the stability of the whole network. This paper investigates the effect of background traffic on the performance of CMT-SCTP, and evaluates the performance of CMT-SCTP under two realistic simulation topologies with reasonable background traffic and different AQM algorithms in NS-2. The simulation results show that: 1) the performance of CMT-SCTP depends on characteristic of background traffic; and 2) the different AQM algorithms used as queue management algorithm under same background traffic have the different effects. Finally, this paper summarizes the proposals to satisfy the QoS requirements in terms of throughput, end-to-end packet delay and loss rate. Since CMT-PF2 is recommended by RFC4960 but without taking impact of cross traffic into account. In the second part, we use the most promising topology which meets the developing network and base on result of analysis mentioned in the first part to analyze the performance CMT-PF1/2/3/4 played respectively, in this part, the most common scenario, symmetric CMT-SCTP, is adopted and CMT-PF algorithm is turned on. A conclusion had been nailed down that, CMT-PF3 can get more advantage in terms of average throughput than CMT-PF2 which is recommended by RFC4960. Per reasonable analyzing, we lastly recommend a more reasonable resolution for realistic network in order to reaching more satisfied QoS

Twist Promotes Tumor Metastasis in Basal-Like Breast Cancer by Transcriptionally Upregulating ROR1

Rationale: Twist is a key transcription factor for induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which promotes cell migration, invasion, and cancer metastasis, confers cancer cells with stem cell-like characteristics, and provides therapeutic resistance. However, the functional roles and targeted genes of Twist in EMT and cancer progression remain elusive. Methods: The potential targeted genes of Twist were identified from the global transcriptomes of T47D/Twist cells by microarray analysis. EMT phenotype was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence of marker proteins. The dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were employed to observe the direct transcriptional induction of ROR1 by Twist. A lung metastasis model was used to study the pro-metastatic role of Twist and ROR1 by injecting MDA-MB-231 cells into tail vein of nude mice. Bio-informatics analysis was utilized to measure the metastasis-free survival of breast cancer patients. Results: Twist protein was proved to directly activate the transcription of ROR1 gene, a receptor of Wnt5a in non-canonical WNT signaling pathway. Silencing of ROR1 inhibited EMT process, cell migration, invasion, and cancer metastasis of basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) cells. Knockdown of ROR1 also ameliorated the pro-metastatic effect of Twist. Furthermore, analyses of clinical specimens indicated that high expression of both ROR1 and Twist tightly correlates with poor metastasis-free survival of breast cancer patients. Conclusion: ROR1 is a targeted gene of Twist. Twist/ROR1 signaling is critical for invasion and metastasis of BLBC cells