Systematic study of elliptic flow parameter in the relativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC energies

We employed the new issue of a parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE 2.1 to systematically investigate the charged particle elliptic flow parameter $v_2$ in the relativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC energies. With randomly sampling the transverse momentum $x$ and $y$ components of the particles generated in string fragmentation on the circumference of an ellipse instead of circle originally, the calculated charged particle $v_2(\eta)$ and $v_2(p_T)$ fairly reproduce the corresponding experimental data in the Au+Au/Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=0.2/2.76 TeV. In addition, the charged particle $v_2(\eta)$ and $v_2(p_T)$ in the p+p collisions at $\sqrt s$=7 TeV as well as in the p+Au/p+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=0.2/5.02 TeV are predicted.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Higher moment singularities explored by the net proton non-statistical fluctuations

We use the non-statistical fluctuation instead of the full one to explore the higher moment singularities of net proton event distributions in the relativistic Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ from 11.5 to 200 GeV calculated by the parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE. The PACIAE results of mean ($M$), variance ($\sigma^2$), skewness ($S$), and kurtosis ($\kappa$) are consistent with the corresponding STAR data. Non-statistical moments are calculated as the difference between the moments derived from real events and the ones from mixed events, which are constructed by combining particles randomly selected from different real events. An evidence of singularity at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\sim$ 60 GeV is first seen in the energy dependent non-statistical $S$ and $S\sigma$.Comment: 5 pages,5 figure

Targeting EZH2 Regulates Tumor Growth and Apoptosis Through Modulating Mitochondria Dependent Cell-Death Pathway in HNSCC

EZH2 is a negative prognostic factor and is overexpressed or activated in most human cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC data indicated that EZH2 over-expression was associated with high tumor grade and conferred poor prognosis. EZH2 inhibition triggered cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and decreased cell growth in vitro. MICU1 (mitochondrial calcium uptake1) was shown to be down regulated when EZH2 expression was inhibited in HNSCC. When the EZH2 and MICU1 were inhibited, HNSCC cells became susceptible to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration analysis suggested that EZH2 and MICU1 were required to maintain mitochondrial membrane potential stability. A xenograft tumor model was used to confirm that EZH2 depletion inhibited HNSCC cell growth and induced tumor cell apoptosis. In summary, EZH2 is a potential anti-tumor target in HNSCC

A Retrospective View of Using Translation in Chinese Teaching

For non-native Chinese speaking adult immigrants, learning Chinese as a second language with the help of translation is cognitively natural. Such learners, already versed in their mother tongue, can well justify themselves to have “the ability to move appropriately between languages” when translation can be seen as a natural language skill to use, often being used with these learners’ scant awareness. Moreover, what goes on in learners’ mind is an on-going process that not only draws on analytical and associative resources but also a more elaborated analysis of the new input in an effort to turn the input into intake. Meanwhile, translation is a communicative tool that both the teacher and students find it practical to use in a class. Understanding how to maximize this tool to enhance learners’ learning becomes indispensable. The present investigation focuses on classroom observation of two classes where non-native speakers of different proficiency take Chinese lessons for three months. Both teacher-learner and learner-learner interaction indicates translation is a handy medium that learners use to assist learning a new language. Learners with the same language background readily use their mother tongue to help one another grasp the linguistic concepts under study. Other than that, English serves as a common denominator for the interaction between a teacher and his/ her learners