Deicing Composition

A deicing composition is provided. The composition includes a potassium or sodium salt of a carboxylic acid and a lithium salt of a carboxylic acid or lithium nitrate, wherein the molar ratio of lithium to potassium or lithium to sodium is from 10 percent to 80 percent

Deicing composition

A deicing composition is provided. The composition includes a potassium or sodium salt of a carboxylic acid and a lithium salt of a carboxylic acid or lithium nitrate, wherein the molar ratio of lithium to potassium or lithium to sodium is from 10 percent to 80 percent

Influence of Malnutrition on Adverse Outcome in Children with Confirmed or Probable Viral Encephalitis: A Prospective Observational Study

to explore the independent predictors of adverse outcome in the patients with confirmed/probable viral encephalitis. The primary outcome variable was the incidence of adverse outcomes defined as death or severe neurological deficit such as loss of speech, motor deficits, behavioural problems, blindness, and cognitive impairment. Patients with confirmed or probable viral encephalitis were classified into two groups based on their -score of weight-for-age as per WHO growth charts. Group I. Patients with confirmed or probable viral encephalitis with weight-for-age (W/A) -scores below −2SD were classified as undernourished. Group II. Patients with confirmed or probable viral encephalitis were classified as having normal nutritional status (weight-for-age -score >−2SD). A total of 114 patients were classified as confirmed or probable viral encephalitis based on detailed investigations. On multivariate logistic regression, undernutrition (adjusted OR: 5.05; 95% CI: 1.92 to 13.44) and requirement of ventilation (adjusted OR: 6.75; 95% CI: 3.63 to 77.34) were independent predictors of adverse outcomes in these patients. Thus, the results from our study highlight that the association between undernutrition and adverse outcome could be extended to the patients with confirmed/probable viral encephalitis

Targeting eosinophils in respiratory diseases: Biological axis, emerging therapeutics and treatment modalities

Eosinophils are bi-lobed, multi-functional innate immune cells with diverse cell surface receptors that regulate local immune and inflammatory responses. Several inflammatory and infectious diseases are triggered with their build up in the blood and tissues. The mobilization of eosinophils into the lungs is regulated by a cascade of processes guided by Th2 cytokine generating T-cells. Recruitment of eosinophils essentially leads to a characteristic immune response followed by airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling, which are hallmarks of chronic respiratory diseases. By analysing the dynamic interactions of eosinophils with their extracellular environment, which also involve signaling molecules and tissues, various therapies have been invented and developed to target respiratory diseases. Having entered clinical testing, several eosinophil targeting therapeutic agents have shown much promise and have further bridged the gap between theory and practice. Moreover, researchers now have a clearer understanding of the roles and mechanisms of eosinophils. These factors have successfully assisted molecular biologists to block specific pathways in the growth, migration and activation of eosinophils. The primary purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the eosinophil biology with a special emphasis on potential pharmacotherapeutic targets. The review also summarizes promising eosinophil-targeting agents, along with their mechanisms and rationale for use, including those in developmental pipeline, in clinical trials, or approved for other respiratory disorders

Late Effects in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients with Acquired Severe Aplastic Anemia: A Report from the Late Effects Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research

With improvements in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) outcomes for severe aplastic anemia (SAA), there is a growing population of SAA survivors after HCT. However, there is a paucity of information regarding late effects that occur after HCT in SAA survivors. This study describes the malignant and nonmalignant late effects in survivors with SAA after HCT. A descriptive analysis was conducted of 1718 patients post-HCT for acquired SAA between 1995 and 2006 reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR). the prevalence and cumulative incidence estimates of late effects are reported for 1-year HCT survivors with SAA. of the HCT recipients, 1176 (68.5%) and 542 (31.5%) patients underwent a matched sibling donor (MSD) or unrelated donor (URD) HCT, respectively. the median age at the time of HCT was 20 years. the median interval from diagnosis to transplantation was 3 months for MSD HCT and 14 months for URD HCT. the median follow-up was 70 months and 67 months for MSD and URD HCT survivors, respectively. Overall survival at I year, 2 years, and 5 years for the entire cohort was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 74-78), 73% (95% CI: 71-75), and 70% (95% CI: 68-72). Among 1-year survivors of MSD HCT, 6% had 1 late effect and 1% had multiple late effects. for 1-year survivors of URD HCT, 13% had 1 late effect and 2% had multiple late effects. Among survivors of MSD HCT, the cumulative incidence estimates of developing late effects were all <3% and did not increase over time. in contrast, for recipients of URD HCT, the cumulative incidence of developing several late effects exceeded 3% by 5 years: gonadal dysfunction 10.5% (95% CI: 7.3-14.3), growth disturbance 7.2% (95% CI: 4.4-10.7), avascular necrosis 6.3% (95% CI: 3.6-9.7), hypothyroidism 5.5% (95% CI: 2.8-9.0), and cataracts 5.1% (95% CI: 2.9-8.0). Our results indicated that all patients undergoing HCT for SAA remain at risk for late effects, must be counseled about, and should be monitored for late effects for the remainder of their lives.Public Health Service Grant from the National Cancer InstituteNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Cancer InstituteHealth Resources and Services Administration/Department of Health and Human ServicesOffice of Naval ResearchAllosAmgenAngioblastChildrens Hosp Orange Cty, Dept Hematol, Orange, CA 92668 USACIBMTR Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Biostat, Milwaukee, WI USAMed Coll Wisconsin, CIBMTR Stat Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USAKing Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Dept Oncol, Riyadh 11211, Saudi ArabiaNew York Med Coll, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol & Stem Cell Transplanta, Valhalla, NY 10595 USAStemcyte, Covina, CA USADana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Pediat Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USAUniv Florida, Dept Hematol Oncol, Gainesville, FL USAPrincess Margaret Hosp, Dept Med, Toronto, ON M4X 1K9, CanadaUniv S Florida, All Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Hematol & Oncol, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USAUniv Basel Hosp, Dept Hematol, CH-4031 Basel, SwitzerlandOregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USAChildrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Blood & Marrow Transplantat, Washington, DC 20010 USABaylor Coll Med, Ctr Cell Therapy, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USAUniv N Carolina Hosp, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USAUniv Hosp Case, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH USAUniv Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USACincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Bone Marrow Transplantat & Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati, OH USATufts Med Ctr, Dept Med & Pediat, Boston, MA USAUniv S Florida, Coll Med, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Tampa, FL 33612 USAFlorida Ctr Cellular Therapy, Dept Med, Orlando, FL USAUniv Fed Parana, Dept Bone Marrow Transplantat, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, BrazilVanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USAInst Oncol Pediat, Dept Pediat, São Paulo, BrazilFred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Dept Clin Res & Transplantat, Seattle, WA 98104 USAMt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Bone Marrow & Stem Cell Transplantat, New York, NY 10029 USAUniv N Carolina Hosp, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Chapel Hill, NC USAUniv Manitoba, CancerCare Manitoba, Dept Manitoba Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Winnipeg, MB, CanadaKarolinska Univ Hosp, Ctr Allogene Stem Cell Transplantat, Dept Pediat, Stockholm, SwedenLouisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, New Orleans, LA USADept Natl Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN USAPublic Health Service Grant from the National Cancer Institute: U24-CA76518National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: 5U01HL069294Office of Naval Research: N00014-06-1-0704Office of Naval Research: N00014-08-1-0058HHSH234200637015CWeb of Scienc

Late effects in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients with acquired severe aplastic anemia: a report from the late effects working committee of the center for international blood and marrow transplant research (CIBMTR)

CHOC Children’s Hospital - UC Irvine, Orange, CAMedical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WIMedical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WIKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, TX, Saudi ArabiaNew York Medical College, Valhalla, NYStemcyte, Covina, CADana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MAUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, FLPrincess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, CanadaAll Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FLUniversity Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandOregon Health and Science University, Portland, ORChildren’s National Medical Center, Washington, DCBaylor College of Medicine Center for Cell Therapy, Houston, TXUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NCUniversity Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OHUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, ARCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OHTufts Medical Center, Boston, MAH Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FLFlorida Center for Cellular Therapy, Orlando, FLUniversidade Federal de Parana, Curitiba, BrazilVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TNInstituto de Oncologia Pediatrica, Sao Paulo, BrazilFred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WAMount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NYUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NCCancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaKarolinska University Hospital, Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Stockholm, SwedenChildrens Hospital LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LANational Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MNWeb of Scienc

Ticagrelor with or without Aspirin in High-Risk Patients after PCI.

BACKGROUND: Monotherapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor after a minimum period of dual antiplatelet therapy is an emerging approach to reduce the risk of bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: In a double-blind trial, we examined the effect of ticagrelor alone as compared with ticagrelor plus aspirin with regard to clinically relevant bleeding among patients who were at high risk for bleeding or an ischemic event and had undergone PCI. After 3 months of treatment with ticagrelor plus aspirin, patients who had not had a major bleeding event or ischemic event continued to take ticagrelor and were randomly assigned to receive aspirin or placebo for 1 year. The primary end point was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. We also evaluated the composite end point of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke, using a noninferiority hypothesis with an absolute margin of 1.6 percentage points. RESULTS: We enrolled 9006 patients, and 7119 underwent randomization after 3 months. Between randomization and 1 year, the incidence of the primary end point was 4.0% among patients randomly assigned to receive ticagrelor plus placebo and 7.1% among patients assigned to receive ticagrelor plus aspirin (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45 to 0.68; P<0.001). The difference in risk between the groups was similar for BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding (incidence, 1.0% among patients receiving ticagrelor plus placebo and 2.0% among patients receiving ticagrelor plus aspirin; hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.74). The incidence of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke was 3.9% in both groups (difference, -0.06 percentage points; 95% CI, -0.97 to 0.84; hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.25; P<0.001 for noninferiority). CONCLUSIONS: Among high-risk patients who underwent PCI and completed 3 months of dual antiplatelet therapy, ticagrelor monotherapy was associated with a lower incidence of clinically relevant bleeding than ticagrelor plus aspirin, with no higher risk of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. (Funded by AstraZeneca; TWILIGHT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02270242.)

Report of the Task Force on Enhancing technology use in agriculture insurance

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is a flagship scheme of the Government of India to provide insurance coverage and financial support to farmers in the event of failure of any of the notified crops, unsown area and damage to harvest produce as a result of natural calamities, pests and diseases to stabilise the income of farmers, and to encourage them to adopt modern agricultural practices. The scheme is a considerable improvement over all previous insurance schemes in India and is heavily subsidised by the state and central governments. The scheme aims to cover 50 percent of the farming households within next 3 years. During its implementation in the last one season, several challenges relating to enrolment, yield estimation, loss assessment, and claim settlement were reported by farmers, insurance companies as well as the state governments. It was also noted that several technological opportunities existed for possibly leveraging support to the Indian crop insurance program for enhanced efficiency and effectiveness. NITI Aayog of the Government of India, therefore, constituted a Task Force to deliberate on this subject and identify such potential opportunities. This report summarises the recommendations of the Task Force. The Task Force constituted to address the issue of technology support to crop insurance comprised the following 5 sub-groups: (1) Remote Sensing & Drones; (2) Decision Support Systems, Crop Modelling & Integrated Approaches; (3) IT/ICT in Insurance; (4) Crop Cutting Experiments (CCEs); and (5) Technologies for Livestock and Aquaculture Insurance. Each sub-group had several discussions with experts in the respective areas, and submitted draft reports. More than 100 experts related to professional research agencies, insurance industry, banks, and the government contributed to these discussions. Technological options available in the country and abroad were considered by all groups. The Task Force together with the sub-groups then deliberated on key issues and formulated its recommendations as presented in this report. During the discussions it was realised that there were many administrative and institutional issues that needed to be addressed in PMFBY. However, the focus of the Task Force was on its main mandate, technology use in crop insurance. We hope these recommendations would help the Indian crop insurance sector take full advantage of the technological options suggested so as to increase its efficacy and effectiveness leading to reduced agrarian distress in the country

Ticagrelor With or Without Aspirin After Complex PCI.

BACKGROUND: Whether a regimen of ticagrelor monotherapy attenuates bleeding complications without increasing ischemic risk in patients undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ticagrelor monotherapy versus ticagrelor plus aspirin in patients undergoing complex PCI from the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled TWILIGHT (Ticagrelor with Aspirin or Alone in High-Risk Patients after Coronary Intervention) trial. METHODS: In the TWILIGHT trial, after 3 months of ticagrelor plus aspirin, event-free and adherent patients remained on ticagrelor and were randomly assigned to receive aspirin or placebo for 1 year. Complex PCI was defined as any of the following: 3 vessels treated, ?3 lesions treated, total stent length >60 mm, bifurcation with 2 stents implanted, atherectomy device use, left main PCI, surgical bypass graft or chronic total occlusion as target lesions. Bleeding and ischemic endpoints were evaluated at 1 year after randomization. RESULTS: Among 7,119 patients randomized in the main trial, complex PCI was performed in 2,342 patients. Compared to ticagrelor plus aspirin, ticagrelor plus placebo resulted in significantly lower rates of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding (4.2% vs. 7.7%; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38 to 0.76). BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding was also significantly reduced (1.1% vs. 2.6%; HR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.80). There were no significant between-group differences in death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (3.8% vs. 4.9%; HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.52 to 1.15), nor in stent thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients undergoing complex PCI who initially completed 3 months of ticagrelor plus aspirin, continuation of ticagrelor monotherapy was associated with lower incidence of bleeding without increasing the risk of ischemic events compared to continuing ticagrelor plus aspirin. (Ticagrelor With Aspirin or Alone in High-Risk Patients After Coronary Intervention [TWILIGHT]; NCT02270242)