Marine Macroalgae: A Host for Epiphytic Microalgae at Bhavnagar District, Gujarat, India

Algae are class of autotrophic organism grows in both fresh and marine environment. Marine macro algae especially seaweed being exploited as a food, animal feed, chemical, biofuels, bio oils even in cosmetics for their bioactive components. In marine habitat some seaweed act as a civil engineer and microalgae build complex community on their host seaweed or macro algae. This association sometimes becomes fruitful by maintaining food chain and increase the rate of productivity of ecosystem and sometimes it affects the growth of host organism. Investigation on association of epiphytic microalgae with seaweed is rare in Bhavnagar district coast, Gujarat, India. Thus, this investigation carried out for forming a checklist of epiphytic microalgae at Coast of Gopnath, Bhavnagar district, Gujarat, India. During this study 7 species of epiphytic microalgae were recorded on 3 different host macro algae Gelidium crinale, Chaetomorpha crassa, Cladophora glomerata. This research was makes check list of epiphytic algae in Gopnath coast and focused on the need of extensive investigation about relationship between benthic flora and fauna with seaweed and their effect on seaweed growth, phytochemical productivity rate

Seaweed in Marine Ecosystem: A Review

A total of 221 different species of seaweed from the 32 Chlorophyta, 64 Phaeophyta, and 125 Rhodophyta are employed for a wide range of applications worldwide. Roughly 145 species are consumed as food (L. W. Zemke-White and M. Ohno). India is home to 216 different species of green seaweed, 194 different species of brown seaweed, and 434 different species of red seaweed. A supply of seaweed In addition to its 2 million km2 Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and nine marine states, the tropical South Asian nation of India is located at latitudes 08.04-37.06 N and 68.07-97.25 E. It has a coastline that is around 7500 km long. The seaweed zone served as a permanent and temporary home for fish and other aquatic creatures. Most recently according to Karthik et al., 2013 Indian seaweed diversity includes 1153 species from 271 genera. Gujarat coast consist total 198 seaweed species diversity ((Jha et al., 2009)

Assessment of clinical and functional outcomes after single dose injection of autologous platelet rich plasma in patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis: a prospective and brief follow up study

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a chronic, painful, and debilitating elbow condition. The introduction of platelet-rich plasma as an adjunct to the conservative and operative treatment has revolutionized the research in this topic. PRP is considered to be the ideal autologous biological blood-derived product which helps in regenerating the degenerated tissue rather than just repairing it and helps in relieving pain and improving function. Methods: This is a prospective study where 40 patients diagnosed with tennis elbow, failing other conservative treatment modalities were enrolled; and treated with single dose injection of autologous PRP; and were evaluated for clinical and functional outcomes using the visual analogue scale and disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand scores on the follow-ups. Results: Out of the 40 patients enrolled, there were 15 males and 25 females. The mean age of the population was 45.88±8.87 years. All the patients had improved statistically significant differences in mean VAS and DASH scores (p value<0.001) on each follow-up as compared to the baseline score with VAS score and DASH score improvement being more than 77% and 65% respectively at final follow up. Conclusion: Our study concludes that a single local injection of autologous PRP appears to be the promising and safe modality of treatment in lateral epicondylitis, helping to improve the pain as well as the clinical and functional outcomes

Finding a Way Forward: Conceptualizing Sustainability in Afghanistan's Community-Based Schools

Community-based educational (CBE) models have gained recognition across diverse contexts for closing access gaps, leveraging local assets, and shaping cost-effective and culturally relevant educational opportunities in marginalized communities. In protracted conflict contexts such as Afghanistan, CBE compensates for weak state capacity by cultivating community engagement and support. This article considers the impact of CBE in the voices of Afghanistan’s educational and community stakeholders, gained through interviews and observations with parents, teachers, students, educational officers, and school shuras (councils) across eight communities in two provinces. Against a backdrop of continued insecurity, resource shortages, and uncertain projections for future government and NGO support, conceptions of sustainability emerge as salient but poorly defined, and as lacking common understanding among stakeholders about the purposes and long-term prospects of CBE. We argue that the success of CBE models depends on how various actors define sustainability and what it is the model is seeking to sustain. The study underscores three dimensions of sustainability: (1) self-reported changed attitudes toward education, (2) decisions about student transitions from community to government schools, and (3) emergent indicators of community ownership over CBE. Across these measures of sustainable attitudes, actions, and community arrangements, quality education is positioned as a mechanism for long-term community commitment. However, increased community interest and capacity to sustain CBE is at odds with the current policy approach, which anticipates the eventual handover of all community-based schools to the government

Micro-RNA 483 deficiency increases oxidative stress in Pancreatic Beta-cells

Type 2 Diabetes is a metabolic disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. The long-term effects include cardiovascular complications, neurological damage, kidney failure, cirrhosis, and death. Altered miRNA levels have shown to have tremendous amount of effect on pancreatic β-cells which has led to increase in metabolic stress like glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity and oxidative stress. Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase has been studied for its role in human function since the 1960s and is now employed in clinical laboratories as a biomarker for liver damage. Recently, many studies have proved GGT to be a marker for oxidative stress and correlated it to understanding the adverse outcomes of several diseases. In this study, we designed and performed experiments to establish that absence of miR-483 in pancreatic β-cells induced oxidative stress. miR-483 knockout mice pancreatic islets were subjected to many lipotoxic, and cytokine/ inflammatory stress which induced oxidative stress to mimic Type 2 Diabetes condition. We found GGT1 levels increased significantly in the miR-483 knockdown mice when compared to the control mice. In conclusion, we can deduce that miR-483 deficiency causes oxidative stress in the cells

Finding a Way Forward: Conceptualizing Sustainability in Afghanistan's Community-Based Schools

Community-based educational (CBE) models have gained recognition across diverse contexts for closing access gaps, leveraging local assets, and shaping cost-effective and culturally relevant educational opportunities in marginalized communities. In protracted conflict contexts such as Afghanistan, CBE compensates for weak state capacity by cultivating community engagement and support. This article considers the impact of CBE in the voices of Afghanistan’s educational and community stakeholders, gained through interviews and observations with parents, teachers, students, educational officers, and school shuras (councils) across eight communities in two provinces. Against a backdrop of continued insecurity, resource shortages, and uncertain projections for future government and NGO support, conceptions of sustainability emerge as salient but poorly defined, and as lacking common understanding among stakeholders about the purposes and long-term prospects of CBE. We argue that the success of CBE models depends on how various actors define sustainability and what it is the model is seeking to sustain. The study underscores three dimensions of sustainability: (1) self-reported changed attitudes toward education, (2) decisions about student transitions from community to government schools, and (3) emergent indicators of community ownership over CBE. Across these measures of sustainable attitudes, actions, and community arrangements, quality education is positioned as a mechanism for long-term community commitment. However, increased community interest and capacity to sustain CBE is at odds with the current policy approach, which anticipates the eventual handover of all community-based schools to the government

Applications of Digital Health Technologies in Knee Osteoarthritis: Narrative Review

BackgroundWith the increasing adoption of high-speed internet and mobile technologies by older adults, digital health is a promising modality to enhance clinical care for people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), including those with knee replacement (KR). ObjectiveThis study aimed to summarize the current use, cost-effectiveness, and patient and clinician perspectives of digital health for intervention delivery in KOA and KR. MethodsIn this narrative review, search terms such as mobile health, smartphone, mobile application, mobile technology, ehealth, text message, internet, knee osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty, and knee replacement were used in the PubMed and Embase databases between October 2018 and February 2021. The search was limited to original articles published in the English language within the past 10 years. In total, 91 studies were included. ResultsDigital health technologies such as websites, mobile apps, telephone calls, SMS text messaging, social media, videoconferencing, and custom multi-technology systems have been used to deliver interventions in KOA and KR populations. Overall, there was significant heterogeneity in the types and applications of digital health used in these populations. Digital patient education improved disease-related knowledge, especially when used as an adjunct to traditional methods of patient education for both KOA and KR. Digital health that incorporated person-specific motivational messages, biofeedback, or patient monitoring was more successful at improving physical activity than self-directed digital interventions for both KOA and KR. Many digital exercise interventions were found to be as effective as in-person physical therapy for people with KOA. Many digital exercise interventions for KR incorporated both in-person and web-based treatments (blended format), communication with clinicians, and multi-technology systems and were successful in improving knee range of motion and self-reported symptoms and reducing the length of hospital stays. All digital interventions that incorporated cognitive behavioral therapy or similar psychological interventions showed significant improvements in knee pain, function, and psychological health when compared with no treatment or traditional treatments for both KOA and KR. Although limited in number, studies have indicated that digital health may be cost-effective for these populations, especially when travel costs are considered. Finally, although patients with KOA and KR and clinicians had positive views on digital health, concerns related to privacy and security and concerns related to logistics and training were raised by patients and clinicians, respectively. ConclusionsFor people with KOA and KR, many studies found digital health to be as effective as traditional treatments for patient education, physical activity, and exercise interventions. All digital interventions that incorporated cognitive behavioral therapy or similar psychological treatments were reported to result in significant improvements in patients with KOA and KR when compared with no treatment or traditional treatments. Overall, technologies that were blended and incorporated communication with clinicians, as well as biofeedback or patient monitoring, showed favorable outcomes

Impacts of MicroRNA-483 on Human Diseases

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in distinct cell types. This review provides a com-prehensive overview of the current understanding regarding the involvement of miR-483-5p and miR-483-3p in various physiological and pathological processes. Downregulation of miR-483-5p has been linked to numerous diseases, including type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, diabetic nephropathy, and neurological injury. Accumulating evidence indicates that miR-483-5p plays a crucial protective role in preserving cell function and viability by targeting specific transcripts. Notably, elevated levels of miR-483-5p in the bloodstream strongly correlate with metabolic risk factors and serve as promising diagnostic markers. Consequently, miR-483-5p represents an appealing biomarker for predicting the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and holds potential as a therapeutic target for intervention strategies. Conversely, miR-483-3p exhibits significant upregulation in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and has been shown to induce cellular apoptosis and lipotoxicity across various cell types. However, some discrepancies regarding its precise function have been reported, underscoring the need for further investigation in this area

Novel approach for the LULC change detection using GIS & Google Earth Engine through spatiotemporal analysis to evaluate the urbanization growth of Ahmedabad city

Changes in Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) have a significant impact on both urban and environmental planning, especially in the context of rapidly urbanising areas. The largest city in the state of Gujarat, Ahmedabad, has experienced substantial growth. Utilising the powerful tools of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Google Earth Engine (GEE), this study uses a thorough methodology to track and examine changes in LULC over the last ten years. Modifications in LULC have a significant impact on both urban and environmental planning, especially in light of the fast urbanisation cycle. This study uses a comprehensive approach to monitor and analyze Landsat imagery changes in LULC over the past ten years, leveraging the powerful capabilities of Google Earth Engine and GIS. Important insights into LULC patterns are revealed by analysing Landsat imagery from Ahmedabad from 2013 to 2023. Pre-processing with GIS and GEE, accuracy evaluation, and classification of satellite images are all included in the methodology. With a notable 0.85 Kappa and 89 % accuracy in LULC classification, the resulting LULC classifications cover settlements, vegetation, water bodies, arid land, and other relevant features. Results show that over the previous ten years, Ahmedabad has seen a noteworthy decrease in agricultural lands of 13.74 % and a reduction in barren areas of 4.78 %. Meanwhile, the total LULC patterns have shown a significant expansion of 23.56 %. This study is significant because it highlights how urbanisation reduces vegetation cover. The results will helpful for urban planning strategies that take changing environmental dynamics into account