Adjunctive surgical procedures enhancing treatment outcome : A literature review

The face is the most expressive zone of the human body that communicates our feelings and thoughts. This may also influence the interaction between people. The aesthetic adjunctive procedures are life-changing. In contemporary orthodontic treatment, orthognathic surgeries are performed to correct the functional aspects of dento facial deformities. In cases where the aesthetic outcome is not improved, patient dissatisfaction is often encountered. Many adjunctive surgical procedures can be used to enhance the anaesthetics of orthodontic or orthognathic surgical cases. Dwelling not merely on the ideal occlusion, the results could be enhanced by analysing the whole-face to improve the overall treatment outcome

Effectiveness of antimicrobial gels on gingivitis during fixed orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All randomized and non-randomized clinical trials done on human subjects were explored in major health science databases (PubMed, CINAHL Plus, EBSCO Dent & Oral Sciences and Cochrane). An additional manual search was done on Google Scholar and on www.clinicaltrials.gov to identify any grey literature and unpublished data. Date of publication was not restricted during the data search. The assessment of risk of bias was done using the Cochrane Collaboration\u27s Risk of Bias assessment tool. The meta-analysis was done using Review Manager Version 5.3.5 to analyse probing depth to be in two and four-week follow-up. This systematic review is reported according to the PRISMA statement and registered at PROSPERO (CRD42018084530).RESULTS: The electronic database search yielded 3733 records; hand search identified 14 articles meeting the selection criteria which were included in the qualitative data synthesis. Significant improvement in gingivitis has been reported using antioxidant-essential oil gel, cervitec gel (0.2% chlorhexidine), 2% chlorhexidine gel, amine fluoride gel, and 0.4% stannous fluoride gel with\u3e98% availability of Sn+2 ions. Three articles with probing depth as comparable parameter were used for quantitative analysis. At the two and four-week follow-up, overall insignificant differences were observed in the antimicrobial gel group compared to the control group with regard to probing depth.CONCLUSIONS: The use of antioxidant-essential oil gel, amine fluoride gel, 0.4% stannous fluoride gel (98% availability of Sn+2) and 2% chlorhexidine gel resulted in significant improvement in gingivitis. However, probing depth in follow-up visits showed no significant difference between antimicrobial gel and control group

Comparison of upper and lower lip position, length and thickness in sagittal and vertical malocclusion

This study aimed to compare the upper and lower lips position, length, and thickness in different malocclusions, in randomly selected 180 patients’ pre-treatment lateral cephalograms. The subjects were grouped sagittally by using Steiner’s analysis and Wits appraisal and vertically based on Frankfort horizontal and mandibular plane (FHMP) angle and lower facial height. One-way ANOVA was applied to compare the upper and lower lip positions, thickness, and length in sagittal and vertical malocclusion and independent sample T test was applied for comparison between genders among soft tissue variables. Post-hoc Dunnett T3 was performed for comparison of lip variables in adjacent malocclusion groups. The level of significance was not less than or equal to 0.05 The anteroposterior position of the upper and lower lips with respect to E and S planes and upper and lower lip thicknessaried significantly (p < 0.05) in all classes of sagittal malocclusion, ---Continu