Numerical study of the effects of crown discharge on the separation bulbs of the leading edge with low Reynolds numbers

Surface atmospheric plasmas can act on the boundary layer of a flow along a profile. Different types of plasma actuators are currently being studied in specialized laboratories. The objectives in the aerodynamic domain can be to control the laminar-turbulent transition, the decrease in drag, the increase in lift, the reduction of noise and consumption.The object of this work is to use plasma actuators by characterizing their physical properties and their effects on flows. Two configurations were used: surface discharges with strip electrodes and wire electrodes. The ionic wind induced by these actuators is of low speed (a few m/s). This mechanical property was used to modify the boundary layer developing on a flat plate. The leading edge detachments from the profile flow have been delayed or even eliminated. The digital modeling and resolution of flow subjected to surface corona discharges, consists of a study based on the numerical simulation of the stationary behavior of a corona discharge in air at atmospheric pressure, carried out using the FLUENT software

Numerical study of the effects of crown discharge on the separation bulbs of the leading edge with low Reynolds numbers

Surface atmospheric plasmas can act on the boundary layer of a flow along a profile. Different types of plasma actuators are currently being studied in specialized laboratories. The objectives in the aerodynamic domain can be to control the laminar-turbulent transition, the decrease in drag, the increase in lift, the reduction of noise and consumption.The object of this work is to use plasma actuators by characterizing their physical properties and their effects on flows. Two configurations were used: surface discharges with strip electrodes and wire electrodes. The ionic wind induced by these actuators is of low speed (a few m/s). This mechanical property was used to modify the boundary layer developing on a flat plate. The leading edge detachments from the profile flow have been delayed or even eliminated. The digital modeling and resolution of flow subjected to surface corona discharges, consists of a study based on the numerical simulation of the stationary behavior of a corona discharge in air at atmospheric pressure, carried out using the FLUENT software

Les marqueurs biologiques chez les patients suspectés d infarctus du myocarde (IDM) aux urgences (étude d un nouveau marqueur précoce d IDM : la Copeptine)

MONTPELLIER-BU Pharmacie (341722105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Factors affecting germination of Diplotaxis erucoides and their effect on selected quality properties of the germinated products

[EN] Wall rocket (Diplotaxis erucoides) is a wild vegetable with potential as a crop. Its seeds present secondary dormancy mechanisms that can become essential for the survival of wall rocket as a weed or in the wild. However, adaptation to crop conditions requires high and synchronised germination. The present work was aimed at studying whether different treatments improve the germination success of wall rocket seeds, and the effects on subsequent crop quality (morphology, yield, ascorbic acid and phenolics). By using of a L8 orthogonal array design, the main effects of soaking the seeds, scarification with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), gibberellic acid (GA3), potassium nitrate (KNO3), cold, and heat treatments on germination traits of wall rocket were evaluated. NaClO scarification was the most efficient treatment and significantly increased the early and final germination, the germination rate and the vigour index. The best germination results were obtained when the NaClO scarification was followed by application of GA3. Thus, a protocol consisting on scarification with 2.5% NaClO for 5 min followed by treatment with 150 ppm GA3 for 24 h was proposed to improve wall rocket germination success. In addition, the germination treatments did not greatly affect the agronomic characters of baby-leaf plants. Scarification with NaClO reduced the days to harvest but did not affect the yield, so its use could have commercial benefits. Moreover, the content in ascorbic acid increased in treatments using NaClO, which may increase the added value of the potential crop. Overall, this study contributes to the domestication of wall rocket by providing a simple germination method that in addition has potential beneficial effects for crop quality.C. Guijarro-Real thanks the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte (MECD) of Spain for financial support by means of a predoctoral grant (FPU14-06798). The research did not receive any other specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Guijarro-Real, C.; Adalid-Martinez, AM.; Gregori-Montaner, A.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Rodríguez Burruezo, A.; Fita, A. (2020). Factors affecting germination of Diplotaxis erucoides and their effect on selected quality properties of the germinated products. Scientia Horticulturae. 261:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.109013S18261Bell, L., Oruna-Concha, M. J., & Wagstaff, C. (2015). Identification and quantification of glucosinolate and flavonol compounds in rocket salad (Eruca sativa, Eruca vesicaria and Diplotaxis tenuifolia) by LC–MS: Highlighting the potential for improving nutritional value of rocket crops. Food Chemistry, 172, 852-861. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.116Cano, A., & Bermejo, A. (2011). Influence of rootstock and cultivar on bioactive compounds in citrus peels. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91(9), 1702-1711. doi:10.1002/jsfa.4375Caruso, G., Parrella, G., Giorgini, M., & Nicoletti, R. (2018). Crop Systems, Quality and Protection of Diplotaxis tenuifolia. Agriculture, 8(4), 55. doi:10.3390/agriculture8040055Cavaiuolo, M., & Ferrante, A. (2014). Nitrates and Glucosinolates as Strong Determinants of the Nutritional Quality in Rocket Leafy Salads. Nutrients, 6(4), 1519-1538. doi:10.3390/nu6041519Ceccanti, C., Landi, M., Benvenuti, S., Pardossi, A., & Guidi, L. (2018). Mediterranean Wild Edible Plants: Weeds or «New Functional Crops»? Molecules, 23(9), 2299. doi:10.3390/molecules23092299Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G., & Preston, C. (2006). African mustard (Brassica tournefortii) germination in southern Australia. Weed Science, 54(5), 891-897. doi:10.1614/ws-06-053r.1Chun, S.-C., Schneider, R. W., & Cohn, M. A. (1997). Sodium Hypochlorite: Effect of Solution pH on Rice Seed Disinfestation and Its Direct Effect on Seedling Growth. Plant Disease, 81(7), 821-824. doi:10.1094/pdis.1997.81.7.821Darmency, H., Colbach, N., & Le Corre, V. (2017). Relationship between weed dormancy and herbicide rotations: implications in resistance evolution. Pest Management Science, 73(10), 1994-1999. doi:10.1002/ps.4611Di Gioia, F., Avato, P., Serio, F., & Argentieri, M. P. (2018). Glucosinolate profile of Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis tenuifolia and Diplotaxis erucoides grown in soil and soilless systems. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 69, 197-204. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2018.01.022Dueñas, M., Martínez-Villaluenga, C., Limón, R. I., Peñas, E., & Frias, J. (2015). Effect of germination and elicitation on phenolic composition and bioactivity of kidney beans. Food Research International, 70, 55-63. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2015.01.018Evans, A. S., Randall, J. M., & Cabin, R. J. (1996). Morphological side effects of using gibberellic acid to induce germination: consequences for the study of seed dormancy. American Journal of Botany, 83(5), 543-549. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1996.tb12737.xFigàs, M. R., Prohens, J., Casanova, C., Fernández-de-Córdova, P., & Soler, S. (2018). Variation of morphological descriptors for the evaluation of tomato germplasm and their stability across different growing conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 238, 107-115. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2018.04.039Figàs, M. R., Prohens, J., Raigón, M. D., Pereira-Dias, L., Casanova, C., García-Martínez, M. D., … Soler, S. (2018). Insights Into the Adaptation to Greenhouse Cultivation of the Traditional Mediterranean Long Shelf-Life Tomato Carrying the alc Mutation: A Multi-Trait Comparison of Landraces, Selections, and Hybrids in Open Field and Greenhouse. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9. doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01774Finch-Savage, W. E., & Footitt, S. (2017). Seed dormancy cycling and the regulation of dormancy mechanisms to time germination in variable field environments. Journal of Experimental Botany, 68(4), 843-856. doi:10.1093/jxb/erw477Finkelstein, R., Reeves, W., Ariizumi, T., & Steber, C. (2008). Molecular Aspects of Seed Dormancy. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59(1), 387-415. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092740González-Benito, M. E., Pérez-García, F., Tejeda, G., & Gómez-Campo, C. (2011). Effect of the gaseous environment and water content on seed viability of four Brassicaceae species after 36 years storage. Seed Science and Technology, 39(2), 443-451. doi:10.15258/sst.2011.39.2.16Gordillo, L. F., Stevens, M. R., Millard, M. A., & Geary, B. (2008). ScreeningTwo Lycopersicon peruvianumCollections for Resistance toTomato spotted wilt virus. Plant Disease, 92(5), 694-704. doi:10.1094/pdis-92-5-0694GRAEBER, K., NAKABAYASHI, K., MIATTON, E., LEUBNER-METZGER, G., & SOPPE, W. J. J. (2012). Molecular mechanisms of seed dormancy. Plant, Cell & Environment, 35(10), 1769-1786. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02542.xGrivetti, L. E., & Ogle, B. M. (2000). Value of traditional foods in meeting macro- and micronutrient needs: the wild plant connection. Nutrition Research Reviews, 13(1), 31-46. doi:10.1079/095442200108728990Guarrera, P. M., & Savo, V. (2016). Wild food plants used in traditional vegetable mixtures in Italy. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 185, 202-234. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.050Guijarro-Real, C., Prohens, J., Rodriguez-Burruezo, A., Adalid-Martínez, A. M., López-Gresa, M. P., & Fita, A. (2019). Wild edible fool’s watercress, a potential crop with high nutraceutical properties. PeerJ, 7, e6296. doi:10.7717/peerj.6296Guijarro-Real, C., Rodríguez-Burruezo, A., Prohens, J., & Fita, A. (2018). Importance of the growing system in the leaf morphology of Diplotaxis erucoides. Acta Horticulturae, (1202), 25-32. doi:10.17660/actahortic.2018.1202.4Guijarro-Real, C., Rodríguez-Burruezo, A., Prohens, J., Raigón, M. D., & Fita, A. (2019). HS-SPME analysis of the volatiles profile of water celery (Apium nodiflorum), a wild vegetable with increasing culinary interest. Food Research International, 121, 765-775. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.054Handa, V., Kumar, V., Panghal, A., Suri, S., & Kaur, J. (2017). Effect of soaking and germination on physicochemical and functional attributes of horsegram flour. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54(13), 4229-4239. doi:10.1007/s13197-017-2892-1Hsiao, A. I. (1979). The effect of sodium hypochlorite and gibberellic acid on seed dormancy and germination of wild oats (Avena fatua). Canadian Journal of Botany, 57(16), 1729-1734. doi:10.1139/b79-212Hsiao, A. I. (1979). The effect of sodium hypochlorite, gibberellic acid, and light on seed dormancy and germination of wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus) and cow cockle (Saponaria vaccaria). Canadian Journal of Botany, 57(16), 1735-1739. doi:10.1139/b79-213HSIAO, A. I. (1980). THE EFFECT OF SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE, GIBBERELLIC ACID AND LIGHT ON SEED DORMANCY AND GERMINATION OF STINKWEED AND WILD MUSTARD. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 60(2), 643-649. doi:10.4141/cjps80-091Katzman, L. S., Taylor, A. G., & Langhans, R. W. (2001). Seed Enhancements to Improve Spinach Germination. HortScience, 36(5), 979-981. doi:10.21273/hortsci.36.5.979Kaur, S., Gupta, A. K., & Kaur, N. (2000). Plant Growth Regulation, 30(1), 61-70. doi:10.1023/a:1006371219048Liang, Y.-C., Reid, M. S., & Jiang, C.-Z. (2014). Controlling plant architecture by manipulation of gibberellic acid signalling in petunia. Horticulture Research, 1(1). doi:10.1038/hortres.2014.61Martínez-Laborde, J. B., Pita-Villamil, J. M., & Pérez-García, F. (2007). Short communication. Secondary dormancy in Diplotaxis erucoides: a possible adaptative strategy as an annual weed. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(3), 402. doi:10.5424/sjar/2007053-265Marty, J. E., & Kettenring, K. M. (2017). Seed Dormancy Break and Germination for Restoration of Three Globally Important Wetland Bulrushes. Ecological Restoration, 35(2), 138-147. doi:10.3368/er.35.2.138Molina, M., Tardío, J., Aceituno-Mata, L., Morales, R., Reyes-García, V., & Pardo-de-Santayana, M. (2014). Weeds and Food Diversity: Natural Yield Assessment and Future Alternatives for Traditionally Consumed Wild Vegetables. Journal of Ethnobiology, 34(1), 44-67. doi:10.2993/0278-0771-34.1.44Morales, P., Ferreira, I. C. F. R., Carvalho, A. M., Sánchez-Mata, M. C., Cámara, M., Fernández-Ruiz, V., … Tardío, J. (2014). Mediterranean non-cultivated vegetables as dietary sources of compounds with antioxidant and biological activity. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 55(1), 389-396. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2013.08.017Mostafa, G. G., & Abou Alham, M. F. (2010). Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Indole 3-acetic Acid on Improving Growth and Accumulation of Phytochemical Composition in Balanites aegyptiaca Plants. American Journal of Plant Physiology, 6(1), 36-43. doi:10.3923/ajpp.2011.36.43Née, G., Xiang, Y., & Soppe, W. J. (2017). The release of dormancy, a wake-up call for seeds to germinate. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 35, 8-14. doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2016.09.002PEREZ-GARCIA, F., IRIONDO, J. M., & MARTINEZ-LABORDE, J. B. (1995). Germination behaviour in seeds of Diplotaxis erucoides and D. virgata. Weed Research, 35(6), 495-502. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1995.tb01647.xPlazas, M., Prohens, J., Cuñat, A., Vilanova, S., Gramazio, P., Herraiz, F., & Andújar, I. (2014). Reducing Capacity, Chlorogenic Acid Content and Biological Activity in a Collection of Scarlet (Solanum aethiopicum) and Gboma (S. macrocarpon) Eggplants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 15(10), 17221-17241. doi:10.3390/ijms151017221Ranil, R. H. G., Niran, H. M. L., Plazas, M., Fonseka, R. M., Fonseka, H. H., Vilanova, S., … Prohens, J. (2015). Improving seed germination of the eggplant rootstock Solanum torvum by testing multiple factors using an orthogonal array design. Scientia Horticulturae, 193, 174-181. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.07.030Sans, F. X., & Masalles, R. M. (1994). Life-history variation in the annual arable weed Diplotaxis erucoides (Cruciferae). Canadian Journal of Botany, 72(1), 10-19. doi:10.1139/b94-003Shin, T., Fujikawa, K., Moe, A. Z., & Uchiyama, H. (2018). Traditional knowledge of wild edible plants with special emphasis on medicinal uses in Southern Shan State, Myanmar. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 14(1). doi:10.1186/s13002-018-0248-1Silk, W. K., & Jones, R. L. (1975). Gibberellin Response in Lettuce Hypocotyl Sections. Plant Physiology, 56(2), 267-272. doi:10.1104/pp.56.2.267Tavares, L. C., Rufino, C. A., Oliveira, S. de, Brunes, A. P., & Villela, F. A. (2014). Treatment of rice seeds with salicylic acid: seed physiological quality and yield. Journal of Seed Science, 36(3), 352-356. doi:10.1590/2317-1545v36n3636Taylor, A., & Cosgrove, D. J. (1989). Gibberellic Acid Stimulation of Cucumber Hypocotyl Elongation. Plant Physiology, 90(4), 1335-1340. doi:10.1104/pp.90.4.1335Wagner, E. J., & Oplinger, R. W. (2017). Effect of overwinter hydration, seed storage time, temperature, photoperiod, water depth, and scarification on seed germination of some Schoenoplectus , Polygonum , Eleocharis and Alisma species. Aquatic Botany, 136, 164-174. doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2016.10.004Yamamuro, C., Zhu, J.-K., & Yang, Z. (2016). Epigenetic Modifications and Plant Hormone Action. Molecular Plant, 9(1), 57-70. doi:10.1016/j.molp.2015.10.008Zhou, Y. M., Lu, J. J., Tan, D. Y., Baskin, C. C., & Baskin, J. M. (2015). Seed Germination Ecology of the Cold Desert Annual Isatis violascens (Brassicaceae): Two Levels of Physiological Dormancy and Role of the Pericarp. PLOS ONE, 10(10), e0140983. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.014098