An Investigation of Implicit Theories of Well-Being, Optimism, and Coping Mechanism Selection

Folkman and Lazarus (1991) argue that incremental theorists have more faith in their ability to alter situations and would be more likely to select active coping strategies (Hong et al., 1999). An optimistic worldview may also have important implications for the way people choose to cope (Aspinwall & Taylor, 1992). Using the MTurk online platform, the present study investigated the relationship between implicit personality theories (IPT), optimism, and coping mechanism selection. As hypothesized, incremental beliefs were associated with more optimism. However, they were also associated with a greater likelihood of using self-blame, which is typically conceptualized as a passive coping strategy (Carver et al., 1989). These findings suggest the need for the continued investigation of self-blame as a potential precursor to active coping strategies

Skills and strategies of activist mermaids:from pretty to powerful pictures

One of the most noteworthy characteristics of the mermaiding community, which has arisen since the early 2000s when self-styled performers started to impersonate the mermaid myth, consists in the performers positioning of themselves as ocean conservation advocates. Pictures constitute a main resource for this advocacy. But how can pretty pictures become powerful tools drawing attention to the critical state of the climate? What does it take to make and script such pictures? Which skills are necessary? Based on interviews with mermaids and underwater photographers, we explore how pictures become a way of spurring activism and care for the oceans

Strong African American Families Programming: From Development to Dissemination

Interventionists from CFR will present on the research and proven outcomes of the SAAF Programs that help African American youth avoid risky behaviors associated with drugs, alcohol and sexual involvement. The interactive presentation is relevant to professionals working with this population and will include information from development to dissemination of the SAAF Programs and the core values that guide them

A novel streamlined trauma response team training improves imaging efficiency for pediatric blunt abdominal trauma patients

Background/purpose The morbidity and mortality of children with traumatic injuries are directly related to the time to definitive management of their injuries. Imaging studies are used in the trauma evaluation to determine the injury type and severity. The goal of this project is to determine if a formal streamlined trauma response improves efficiency in pediatric blunt trauma by evaluating time to acquisition of imaging studies and definitive management. Methods This study is a chart review of patients < 18 years who presented to a pediatric trauma center following blunt trauma requiring trauma team activation. 413 records were reviewed to determine if training changed the efficiency of CT acquisition and 652 were evaluated for FAST efficiency. The metrics used for comparison were time from ED arrival to CT image, FAST, and disposition. Results Time from arrival to CT acquisition decreased from 37 (SD 23) to 28 (SD27) min (p < 0.05) after implementation. The proportion of FAST scans increased from 315 (63.5%) to 337 (80.8%) and the time to FAST decreased from 18 (SD15) to 8 (SD10) min (p < 0.05). The time to operating room (OR) decreased after implementation. Conclusion The implementation of a streamlined trauma team approach is associated with both decreased time to CT, FAST, OR, and an increased proportion of FAST scans in the pediatric trauma evaluation. This could result in the rapid identification of injuries, faster disposition from the ED, and potentially improve outcomes in bluntly injured children

Mermaids as market creators:Cultural entrepreneurship in an emerging practice

With the example of the emergence of professional mermaids, this article shows how primarily young, female enterprising performers developed a new aesthetic category, generated employment from it, and in that way created a market for their services and products. To conceptualize this development, the article employs the Callonian program in market studies into research on cultural entrepreneurship, highlighting that markets are constantly in-the-making and innovation processes cannot be ascribed to the activities of singular “hero figures.” This adds to the existing literature on cultural entrepreneurship by calling attention to collective entrepreneurial practices taking place on the fringes of the cultural sector