Efektifitas Al2(SO4)3 dan FeCl3 dalam Pengolahan Air Menggunakan Gravel Bed Flocculator Ditinjau dari Parameter Kekeruhan dan Total Coli

Air permukaan yang ada di bumi ini tidak selamanya dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi air bersih, karena kondisinya masih jauh dari standar kualitas baku mutu air. Air permukaan tersebut masih banyak mengandung zat padat tersuspensi maupun koloid. Pada pengolahan air bersih, proses yang dapat meremoval zat-zat padat tersebut adalah koagulasi dan flokulasi. Pada proses koagulasi dan flokulasi dilakukan penambahan koagulan yang berfungsi untuk membentuk flok yang kemudian diendapkan. Gravel Bed Flocculator adalah salah satu alat flokulasi yang menggunakan pengadukan secara hidrolis. Pengadukan hidrolis adalah pengadukan dengan memanfaatkan gerakan air sebagai energi pengaduk seperti energi gesek media butiran. Keuntungan dari gravel bed flocculator adalah mampu mengendapkan flok dalam waktu singkat berkisar 3-5 menit yang setara dengan waktu 15 menit uji jar test atau sekitar 25 menit waktu proses flokulasi yang berlangsung secara konvensional. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan 2 variabel yaitu variasi jenis koagulan (Al2(SO4)3 dan FeCl3) dan variasi waktu tinggal (waktu tinggal 3 menit dan waktu tinggal 4 menit) dengan jenis aliran pada penelitian ini adalah aliran upflow. Hasil penelitian menunjukan efektifitas removal tertinggi pada koagulan Al2(SO4)3 terhadap parameter kekeruhan terjadi pada waktu tinggal 4 menit yaitu sebesar 93,28% sedangkan untuk koagulan FeCl3 terjadi pada waktu tinggal 4 menit juga yaitu sebesar 93,50% dan efektifitas removal tertinggi pada koagulan Al2(SO4)3 terhadap parameter coliform terjadi pada waktu tinggal 4 menit yaitu sebesar 99,74% sedangakan untuk koagulan FeCl3 terjadi pada waktu tinggal 4 menit juga yaitu sebesar 99,99%

Reduksi Volume Dan Pengarangan Kotoran Sapi Dengan Metode Pirolisis

The study was conducted to determine the change of mass, the shrinking volume and the heating value of char of cow dung induced by slow pyrolysis. The char produced by pyrolysis can be used as an alternative solid fuels. Besides, it can be a biochar as a mixture of biomaterial having a high-value materials. It due to the char has a high content of Carbon. In this experiment, the heating value of char was examined by using bomb calorimeter. The temperature pyrolysis was varied from 100°C to 500°C. Before the pyrolysis process, the feedstock was pulverized to a particle size of about 0.7 mm, and then it dried in the oven to have a moisture content up to 4%. The pyrolisis was conducted at varied temperatures and different heating rates from 0.13°C /sec to 0.29°C /sec.The results showed that the reduction of the cow dung volume performed significantly by the way of slow pyrolysis. The most reduced volume of cow dung occured very significant at the highest pyrolysis temperature, reaching 60% at 500°C. On the other hand, the heating rate variation did not influence in yield reduction, but it has an effect on the result of heating value of char. The results also indicated that the optimal of heating rate occured at 0.13°C/sec to 0.16°C/sec. In the visualization of the solid yield pyrolysis products, as higher pyrolysis temperature, as darker color of the char. It was shown the Carbon content in the char

Land Management for Sustainable Agriculture in North Coastal Plain of Bali 1

Intensive cropping system with their technology such as the one in the project area will lead to trade-off between economic benefits in the short run and environmental damages, especially soil fertility degradation in the long run. As environmental degradation increases, agriculture will eventually become unsustainable; therefore, land management as a component of agricultural technology management is required in sustainable agricultural system. A research in TMB-59, Tembok village, north coastal plain of Bali, is conducted purposively with a reason that farmers in which have done groundwater irrigation-based mixed farming system. The analysis is focused on the land suitability, soil fertility, soil loss prediction, soil nutrient management. The research finding is: (1) the farmland in TMB-59 is actually classifiable as poor fertile soil, its only marginal suitable for for maize, cassava, groundnuts, sweet potato, melon, Chili, banana, cashew, cacao, coconut, and Palmyra palm and suitable enough for mango, papaya, and fodder grasses; (2) the soil erosion level in TMB-59 is categorized as very light and less than soil loss tolerance in the area; (3) crops animal- manure requirement is approximately 342 tons per year but the available stock is only 202.74 tons generated by cattle, pig, goat and chicken. Therefore, it can be recommended that: (1) it needs organic matter application in middle to high levels to improve the soil fertility status and land productivity; (2) it needs land maintaining such as addition of organic matter to protect soil against erosion to some extent; and (3) the farmers in TMB-59 should continuously carry out mixed-farming practices and increase livestock population based on the crop manure requirement and greenery and crops by-product availability

Space Utiliztion and Behaviours of Sumatran Slow Loris (Nycticebus Coucang Boddaert, 1785) in Pematang Siantar Zoo

Ex-situ conservation is important for animal conservation, one of kind of conservation organization is zoo. One of the factor who must be consider by conservation organization is cage management. The kind of wildlife species who need to be conserve in ex-situ conservation is Sumatran slow loris (Nycticebus coucang). This species listed as endangered by IUCN Redlist. The aims of this study are to assessspace utilization and behavioral of sumatran slow loris in Pematang Siantar Zoo. The method was used are direct observation, interview and focal animal sampling. The higher percentage of male sumatran slow loris behavior is self active behavior, while female sumatran slow loris is sleep behavior. The higher space utilization by male sumatran slow loris in zone top 1, while female zone 2 top

The Influence Of The Giving Of Reliable Renewable Wateronthe Decrease Of Uratic Acid Level In Elderlyin Ngegong Childhood, Madiun City

Uric acid is the end result of metabolism of purines in the form of nucleoproteins,which is one component of nucleic acid found in the nucleus of body cells.Celery boiled water that contains apiin and apigenin is believed to reduce levels of uric acid naturally without causing side effects. This study aims to examine the effect of celery stew water on decreasing uric acid levels in the elderly. Research in Ngegong chilhood Madiun City conducted on 07-13 May 2021. The study used pre-experiment with One Group Pretest Posttest design. The sampling technique with simple random sampling technique. Total sample 66 elderly. Respondents were checked for uric acid levels before and after therapy. Before the celery boiled water therapy was carried out, the average uric acid level of the respondent was 7.9 mg / dl, after being given therapy the celery stew water on average the respondents' uric acid level was 5.9 mg / dl. Statistical analysis using Paired T-Test. The result of Paired T-test on 66 elderly got decrease of uric acid level with p-value 0,000 (p <0,05). This shows that there is an effect of celery stew water on decreasing uric acid levels in the elderly. Based on the results of research, there is the effect of celery boiling water to decrease uric acid levels in the elderly. Provision of these therapies can be used to decrease uric acid levels in the elderly by done regularly with 200 cc every morning

PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN SIKAP ILMIAH SISWA SMA

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah karena keterbatasan bahan ajar yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pembelajaran bagi siswa dan guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan karakteristik modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis masalah, (2) mengetahui kelayakan modul., (3) mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan modul terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis, sikap ilmiah, dan hasil belajar. Metode penelitian dan pengembangan yang digunakan Research and Development (R&D). Model penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model 4-D dengan langkah-langkah: (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, dan (4) disseminate. Materi yang digunakan dalam modul adalah Fluida Statis yang diperuntukkan siswa SMA kelas XI. Modul yang dikembangkan divalidasi oleh ahli materi, ahli bahasa, ahli media, reviewer, dan peer review. Modul dikategorikan layak untuk implementasikan. Modul diujicobakan secara terbatas pada 10 siswa di SMA Insan Cendekia Al-Mujtaba dan diperoleh hasil bahwa modul termasuk dalam kategori “Baik” menurut siswa. Modul diujicoba dalam skala besar pada siswa kelas XI SMA Insan Cendekia Al-Mujtaba. Data yang diperoleh yaitu data penilaian kemampuan berpikir kritis, sikap ilmiah, dan hasil belajar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengembangan disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Modul fisika yang dikembangkan menggunakan sintak model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan memunculkan karakteristik kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah dalam setiap tahapannya, (2) Modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis masalah yang dikembangkan layak karena memenuhi kriteria nilai kelayakan yang dihitung dengan metode Cut Off Score yaitu sebesar 85,75%, (3) Modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis masalah efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah serta ketercapaian ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa. Nilai N-Gain untuk kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah berturut-turut sebesar 0,63 dan 0,50 yang termasuk kategori “Sedang.