The Modeling of Insulin Controlled Release Process From Fibrous Artificial Store

In the past, insulin was frequently administered by hypodermic injection, as liquids forms. To avoid problems incurred through the utilization of the injectable route of insulin administration, new dosage forms containing the insulin were introduced. Therefore, insulin delivery systems were developed to optimize the therapeutic properties of drug products and render them safer, more effective, and more reliable. The aim of this article is to present the modeling of the controlled releasing process of insulin from a fibrous artificial store. The release of insulin has been evaluated in both a physiological solution and blood serum in vitro and on experimental animals (mice) in vivo. On the basis of experimental results a mathematical model of diffusion-mediated release of insulin from cation-exchange fiber has been developed and presented in this paper

Fibrous systems with programmed biological-activity and their application in medical practice

An effective two-stage method for obtaining both biologically activated fibres with antibacterial and anaesthetic activity and biologically activated complex fibres -insulin as an artificial store of insulin has been developed. The first stage involves the formation of reactive functional groups by chemical modification, followed by the second stage where the fibres are modified with chemotherapeutic agent solutions. This paper presents the results of obtaining biologically activated fibres with antibacterial and anaesthetic activity as well as an artificial store of insulin in the form of complex ion-exchanged fibre-insulin. The level of immobilisation of the drug in the antibacterial fibre amounts to 140 mg of gentamicin sulphate per 1 g of fibres, in the anaesthetic fibre 180 mg of procaine hydrochloride per 1 g of fibres, and in the fibrous store of insulin 800 mg of insulin per 1 g of fibres. 200

Celulozna vlakna na pragu XXI veka

The paper fives an overview of the current state in the field of various cellulosic fibres, such as cotton, flax, hemp, juta, viscosa and lyocell, as well as future prospects of these fibres. World production and consumption of atural and chemical cellulosic fibres were stabilized at certain level with small oscillation in the last few years. Cotton production reaches average level at 19 mil.ton, fax production at 0.4 mil.ton and hemp production at 0.07 mil.ton. While there is a strong expansion of the synthetic fibres industry, chemical cellulosic fibres have the same level of production at 2.4 mil.ton during the long period. Cellulosic fibres will again play a major role in the future due to growing market of hydrophylic fibres and tendency to develop production of natural, light, renewable and biodegradable fibres. It is expected that cellulosic fibres only for clothing, will be in demand up to 38 mil.ton/year in the year 2050

The mathematical model of insulin desorption from the bioactive, fibrous artificial store

The aim of this study was to study insulin desorption from fibrous insulin artificial store in vitro as well as in vivo, with the intention to define a mathematical model that would describe this process. Release profile of cylindrical fibrous matrixes for various insulin concentrations, desorption temperatures, time periods, and pH were presented. Change of insulin concentration in the fibers and the effect of insulin release were discussed. This model was also used to predict the optimal conditions of the release process. Possibility of predicting the effect of the fibrous store design parameters (fibre radius, amount of bonded insulin, fiber type) on the resulting insulin release rate was the major advantage of this mathematical model. Also, taking all the relevant conditions regarding these experiments into consideration, by the application of mathematical model, the diffusion coefficient during insulin release was determined

Celulozna vlakna novih funkcionalnih svojstava dobijanja hemijskim modifikovanjem

This paper gives an overview of the current state in the field of cellulosic fibers functionalization by chemical modification. Emphasis is placed on the selective (periodate and TEMPO oxidation) and non-selective (permanganate and peroxide) cellulose oxidation, non-conventional methods for obtaining man-made cellulosic fibers, methods for obtaining antimicrobial cellulosic fibers, as well as method for obtaining two-component polysaccharide fibers. To provide evidence on the achieved functionalities we mainly used capillary rise method, moisture and iodine sorption method, water retention power, NaOH uptake, different ions sorption, Cu-number, carbonyl- and carboxyl-selective labelling and antimicrobial tests.U ovom radu dat je prikaz sadašnjeg stanja u oblasti funkcionalizacije celuloznih vlakana hemijskim modifikovanjem, sa posebnim osvrtom na selektivnu oksidaciju perjodatima i TEMPO-m, neselektivnu oksidaciju celuloznih vlakana permanganatom i peroksidima, nekonvencionalne postupke dobijanja hemijskih celuloznih vlakana, postupcima dobijanja antimikrobnih celuloznih vlakana, kao i mogućnostima za dobijanje dvokomponentih celuloznih vlakana na bazi polisaharida. Kapilarnost, sorpcija vlage i joda, sposobnost zadržavanja vode, sorpcija različitih jona, bakrov broj, selektivno obeležavanje karbonilnih i karboksilnih grupa, kao i antimikrobni testovi su neke od metoda korišćenje za karakterisanje postignutih efekata modifikovanja

Oxidized Cotton as a Substrate for the Preparation of Hormone-Active Fibers-Characterization, Efficiency and Biocompatibility

Oxidized cellulose has a long history of safe and effective use in medical applications. In this paper, research has been directed towards obtaining hormone-active cellulose fibers in the form of an artificial insulin depot, and examination of its biocompatibility regarding cytotoxicity, sensitization, and irritation. The procedure of obtaining the fibrous insulin depot is based on the modification of cotton fibers with sodium periodate, followed by chemisorption of insulin from insulin aqueous solutions. In order to optimize the insulin chemisorption process, the influence of the fiber structure parameters, i.e. the aldehyde group content and iodine sorption value (ISV) on the chemisorption capacity was examined. The obtained artificial depot, containing approximate to 55 mg insulin/g of fibers, has been characterized in vitro by investigation of the desorption kinetics of the insulin from the fibrous depot. It has been shown that insulin is controllably released in quantities of 1.3-1.6 mg of insulin during 24 hours, in the course of 20 days. The results of biocompatibility tests have shown that the examined artificial depot neither shows irritating effects nor provokes sensitizing or cytotoxic effects. Therefore, these materials are acceptable for use in a direct contact with tissue of a living organism

Antimikrobna biološki-aktivna vlakna za medicinsku namenu

The use of textile materials in medicine has a long tradition. An important field of application of textiles in medicine is in wound care and prevention of chronic wounds, for which bandages and wound dressings are used. Modern medicine demands textile materials with special properties. The most important are biologically active fibers, and among them antimicrobial fibers which are able to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi and/or other pathogenic microorganisms. Due to their high efficacy, antimicrobial fibers have become necessary in prevention and therapy, especially in festering wound healing and prevention of chronic wounds. Among all biologically active fibers and biomedical textile materials antimicrobial fibers are mostly used, mainly because of their ability for controlled and long-term releasing of antimicrobial agents and their stability against inactive factors, as well as their simple and easy application. The scope of this review focuses on properties of antimicrobial fibers and mechanisms of their antimicrobial activity, as well as physicochemical bases of antimicrobial fibers obtaining and test methods used to confirm their antimicrobial activity. Also, representative pathogenic microorganisms are listed. Antimicrobial fibers of natural and synthetic origin are reviewed, as well as advances and future trends in their development.Medicinski tekstilni materijali se veoma dugo i široko koriste u medicinske svrhe. Posebno važno mesto za- uzimaju kao materijali za previjanje, naročito u hirurgiji i lečenju gnojnih rana. Savremena medicina zahteva tekstilne materijale sa specijalnim svojstvima. Najznačajniji među njima su biološki-aktivna vlakna, a u okviru njih antimikrobna vlakna, koja poseduju sposobnost da uništavaju ili sprečavaju razvoj bakterija, gljivica i druge patogene flore. Zbog svoje visoke efektivnosti antimikrobna vlakna zauzimaju značajno mesto u profilaksi i terapiji, posebno gnojnih procesa i rana. Njihova sposobnost da kontrolisano i prolongirano otpuštaju lekoviti antimikrobni preparat, da su stabilna na dejstvo inaktivirajućih faktora, da se jednostavno i lako apliciraju stavlja ih na prvo mesto medu biološki-aktivnim vlaknima i biomedicinskim tekstilnim materijalima. U radu su obrađena svojstva antimikrobnih vlakana, reprezentativni patogeni mikroorganizmi i mehanizam antimikrobne aktivnosti biološki-aktivnih vlakana. Takođe, obrađene su fizičko-hemijske osnove dobijanja antimikrobnih vlakana i metode njihovog karakterisanja. Dat je pregled pojedinačnih antimikrobnih vlakana prirodnog i sintetizovanog porekla kao i savremeni trendovi i budući pravci njihovog daljeg razvoja

Celulozna vlakna novih funkcionalnih svojstava dobijena hemijskim modifikovanjem

This paper gives an overview of the current state in the field of cellulosic fibers functionalization by chemical modification. The emphasis is placed on the selective (periodate and TEMPO oxidation) and non-selective (permanganate and peroxide) cellulose oxidation, non-conventional methods for obtaining man-made cellulosic fibers, methods for obtaining antimicrobial cellulosic fibers, as well as method for obtaining two-component polysaccharide fibers. To provide evidence on the achieved functionalities we mainly used capillary rise method, moisture and iodine sorption method, water retention power, NaOH uptake, different ions sorption, Cu-number, carbonyl-and carboxyl-selective labeling and antimicrobial tests.U ovom radu dat je prikaz sadašnjeg stanja u oblasti funkcionalizacije celuloznih vlakana nemijskim modifikovanjem, sa posebnim osvrtom na selektivnu oksidaciju perjodatima i TEMPO-m, neselektivnu oksidaciju celuloznih vlakana permanganatom i peroksidima, nekonvencionalne postupke dobijanja hemijskih celuloznih vlakana, postupcima dobijanja antimikrobnih celuloznih vlakana, kao i mogućnostima za dobijanje dvokomponentih celuloznih vlakana na bazi polisaharida. Kapilarnost, sorpcija vlage i joda sposobnost zadržavanja vode, sorpcija različitih jona, bakrov broj selektivno obeležavanje karbonilnih i karboksilnih grupa, kao i antimikrobni testovi su neke od metoda korišćenje za karakterisanje postignutih efekata modifikovanja

Antimicrobial Bioactive Band-Aids with Prolonged and Controlled Action

The paper discusses the antimicrobial bioactive band-aids, a modem means of wound management and healing, which are effective against a wide spectrum of microorganisms. Ion-exchange fibres and nonwoven textile materials composed of PP/viscose blend were used as a textile basis. Antimicrobial bioactive band-aids were manufactured in two routs:. -by chemisorption of gentamicin sulfate by ion-exchange fibres; and-by adhesion of gentamicin sulfate on nonwoven material with the aid of a polymer carrier (chitosan).For assessment of antimicrobial activity, the diffusion method on an agar medium has been used. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans have been utilised. The kinetics of active substance desorption has been examined through dissolving rate of medical substance from transdermal band-aid in vitro.Physical-chemical foundations and kinetics of desorption of gentamicin sulfate in vitro are described by a mathematical model which can be used for prognosis of prolonged release of medical substance from band-aid as a transdermal system