Necessidades em saúde de pacientes em reabilitação pós-covid-19

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Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activity from Algae of the Genus Caulerpa

Marine natural products have been the focus of discovery for new products of chemical and pharmacological interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the methanolic (ME), acetate (AE), hexanic (HE) and chloroform (CE) extracts obtained from Caulerpa mexicana, and ME, CE and HE obtained from Caulerpa sertularioides. These marine algae are found all over the world, mainly in tropical regions. Models such as the writhing test, the hot plate test and formalin-induced nociception test were used to evaluate antinociceptive activity in laboratory mice. In the writhing test, all the extracts were administered orally at a concentration of 100 mg/kg, and induced high peripheral antinociceptive activity, with a reduction in the nociception induced by acetic acid above 65%. In the hot plate test, treatment with extracts from C. sertularioides (100 mg/kg, p.o.) did not significantly increase the latency of response, although the ME, AE and HE from C. mexicana showed activity in this model. This result suggests that these extracts exhibit antinociceptive activity. In the formalin test, it was observed that ME, AE and HE obtained from C. mexicana reduced the effects of formalin in both phases. On the other hand only CE from C. sertularioides induced significant inhibition of the nociceptive response in the first phase. To better assess the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts, the carrageenan-induced peritonitis test was used to test Caulerpa spp. extracts on cell migration into the peritoneal cavity. In this assay, all extracts evaluated were able to significantly inhibit leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity in comparison with carrageenan. These data demonstrate that extracts from Caulerpa species elicit pronounced antinociceptive and anti-inflamatory activity against several nociception models. However, pharmacological and chemical studies are continuing in order to characterize the mechanism(s) responsible for the antinociceptive action and also to identify the active principles present in the Caulerpa species

Transtorno de ansiedade generalizada: revisão de literatura

Transtornos de ansiedade são os transtornos psiquiátricos mais comuns na sociedade e apresentam grandes demandas no serviço público e privado no mundo. De acordo com a OMS, o Brasil possui a população com maior taxa de transtornos de ansiedade no mundo, totalizando aproximadamente 9,3% da população com o quadro, seguido do Paraguai (7,6%) e Noruega (7,4%). Para a elaboração do trabalho foi utilizado a metodologia revisão bibliográfica integrativa. A ansiedade é considerada uma emoção humana natural, mas que de maneira excessiva torna-se patológica e gera diversos prejuízos ao indivíduo e à sociedade. A revisão apresenta como objetivo analisar epidemiologia e fatores de risco, etiologia, diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico. Conclui-se através desse estudo que o diagnóstico realizado de maneira eficaz com base nos critérios recomendados pelo Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DSM-V) é fundamental para uma boa condução do tratamento psicoterápico e farmacológico do quadro. Para realizar o diagnóstico e o tratamento, o médico deve levar os critérios técnicos comprovados na literatura médica e o desejo do paciente

Desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor na infância e eventos obstétricos

Objective: Investigate and analyze the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development in children aged 0 to 12 years. The research aims to contribute to understanding the impacts of these events on child development, providing insights that can guide obstetric practices, early interventions, and strategies for promoting health in childhood.Introduction: Contextualization and relevance of the study, addressing the importance of understanding the influence of obstetric events on neuropsychomotor child development. The need to explore this relationship is emphasized to inform obstetric practices and intervention strategies that promote healthy development in childhood. Methodology: Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scielo, and Latindex databases using terms related to neuropsychomotor development and obstetric events. The DeCS terms used included "Neurology," "Growth and Development," "Child Development," "Obstetric Delivery," "Child Psychiatry," and "Adverse Birth Outcomes," combined with boolean operators AND and OR. Conclusion: The conclusion highlights the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development. Understanding risk factors guides prevention and personalized interventions, addressing neonatal vulnerability. Evaluation and diagnosis are vital for adapted support, and therapeutic interventions drive progress. Emphasis on prevention, family support, research, and advocacy is crucial for inclusive environments and healthy development.Objetivo: Investigar e analisar a relação entre eventos obstétricos e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças de 0 a 12 anos. A pesquisa visa contribuir para a compreensão dos impactos desses eventos no desenvolvimento infantil, fornecendo insights que possam orientar práticas obstétricas, intervenções precoces e estratégias de promoção da saúde na infância. Introdução: Contextualização e relevância do estudo, abordando a importância de compreender a influência dos eventos obstétricos no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil. Destaca-se a necessidade de explorar essa relação para informar práticas obstétricas e estratégias de intervenção que promovam um desenvolvimento saudável na infância. Metodologia: Foram conduzidas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Latindex usando termos relacionados ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e eventos obstétricos. Os DeCs utilizados incluíram "Neurologia", "Crescimento e Desenvolvimento", "Desenvolvimento Infantil", "Parto Obstétrico", "Psiquiatria Infantil" e "Desfechos Adversos do Nascimento", combinados por operadores booleanos AND e OR. Conclusão: A conclusão destaca a relação entre eventos obstétricos e desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Entender fatores de risco guia prevenção e intervenções personalizadas, atendendo à vulnerabilidade neonatal. Avaliação e diagnóstico são vitais para suporte adaptado, e intervenções terapêuticas impulsionam o progresso. A ênfase em prevenção, suporte familiar, pesquisa e advocacia é crucial para ambientes inclusivos e o desenvolvimento saudável

A voz de jovens e adultos com Síndrome de Asperger como aspecto norteador de reflexões pedagógicas

Este estudo foi delineado com o propósito de conhecer a visão de jovens e adultos com Síndrome de Asperger (SA) em relação à própria vida para, a partir desse conhecimento, tecer reflexões acerca de aspectos pedagógicos que possam vir a possibilitar que as demandas desses indivíduos sejam mais bem atendidas já no espaço escolar. Para tanto, com base em estudos sobre qualidade de vida, foi de-senvolvida entrevista estruturada que foi aplicada a seis jovens e adultos do sexo masculino, com ida-des de 15 a 31 anos, e com diagnóstico de SA atestado por médicos que se pautaram nos critérios esta-belecidos pelo DSM-IV. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas à análise qualitativa que resultou em quatro categorias temáticas, a saber: Descrição pessoal, Relações interpessoais, Co-nhecimento sobre a SA e Expectativas de futuro. De modo geral, a análise dessas categorias revelou uma série de contradições nos discursos desses indivíduos, o que pareceu estar sinalizando algumas limitações na compreensão que têm do impacto que a SA exerce nas suas vidas cotidianas, especial-mente no que tange às relações interpessoais, o que ratifica o quanto este âmbito pode estar compro-metido nas pessoas com essa condição, e o quanto deve ser trabalhado já no espaço escolar. Além disso, o diagnóstico de SA foi tardio para todos esses seis indivíduos, o que parece ter sido outro fator causal desses discursos contraditórios, já que igualmente tardia deve ter sido a disponibilização de apoios e suportes adequados às suas especificidades, que são necessários, sobretudo, no período esco-lar. Vivência de situações constrangedoras durante a vida escolar foi relatada por três indivíduos, o que remete para a atenção especial que a escola deve prestar para ocorrências desse tipo que, não ra-ramente, leva o aluno com SA a sentir-se prejudicado e excluído, a desenvolver comportamentos a-gressivos que agravam seus déficits relacionais, e a abandonar a escola. Portanto, a partir do conheci-mento das especificidades do alunado com SA, a escola poderá promover maior consciência do impac-to que a SA exerce em sua vida cotidiana para, assim, identificar a real demanda desses alunos, dire-cionar melhor o atendimento educacional a essa população e, dessa forma, otimizar o seu processo de inclusão escolar e social.The point of view of young and adult men with Asperger´s Syndrome (AS) regarding their own lives was the main proposal of this research, so that such knowledge could promote reflections on pedagog-ic aspects which can make possible to better meet these individual´s demands early in the school life. Based on studies involving quality of life, a structured interview was developed and applied to six male teenagers and adults (15 to 31 years old) with AS diagnosed by qualified professionals who adopted the DSM-IV criteria. Interviews were taped, transcribed and submitted to qualitative analysis resulting in four thematic categories: Self-description, Interpersonal relationships, Knowledge on AS, and Expectations for future. In a general way, the analysis of such categories revealed a set of contra-dictions in these individual´s speeches, what seemed to be indicating some limitations in their com-prehension regarding the impact of AS on their own daily lives, especially concerning their interper-sonal relationships, what ratifies how impaired is such life dimension in people with AS, and how important is to work this dimension in the school life. In addition, all the six individuals were lately diagnosed with AS, what can be considered another causal factor for such contradictory speeches, since the supports adequate to their specificities, which are especially relevant in the school life, were also lately available to them. Bullying situations during school life were reported by three individuals, pointing out that the school must pay special attention to this kind of occurrences, which not seldom makes the student with AS to feel harmed and excluded, to develop aggressive behaviors worsening their relational deficits, and to abandon the school. In conclusion, knowing the specificities of the stu-dents with AS, the school can promote clearer consciousness of the impact of AS on their own daily lives, so that the real demand of these students can be identified, better educational support can be given to such population, and their school and social inclusion can be effectively optimized

Evaluation of a MOOC developed from educational principles based on behavioral theory

This study’s objective was to evaluate a MOOC constructed from educational principles based on behavioral theory. The evaluation included the analysis of the performance, retention, and perception of the students. This MOOC consisted of an initial test, three teaching units, a final test and an assessment of the students' perception. The mean grade in the initial test was 6.34 (sd=1.20), and in the last attempt of the final test it was 8.75 (sd=0.51). The difference between these values was statistically significant and the effect size was considered very large. The retention rate was 44%, and 75% of students rated the overall experience as “Very Good”. The evaluated MOOC was effective in teaching its learning objectives and student retention was much higher than the average reported in other studies.These results indicate the relevance of the educational principles used in the elaboration of the MOOC

Nutritional, physicochemical and sensorial acceptance of functional cookies enriched with xiquexique (Pilosocereus gounellei) flour

The objective of this study was the production of innovative functional cookies enriched with two different sizes (100 and 28 mesh) xiquexique flour by substitution ratio 50% of wheat flour and monitoring the impact of these enrichments on the nutritional, physicochemical, texture characteristics and consumer acceptance. The physicochemical characteristics and sensorial properties of the xiquexique cookies were evaluated in a pursuit to identify an innovative bakery ingredient with high nutritional value and potential function that could be exploited by the food industry. The water activity and moisture values were low, which can provide greater stability during storage of food matrices, such as cookies. The xiquexique cookies had greater ash (2.47–2.74%), protein (0.94–1.36%), fiber (4.41–8.10%), and resistant starch (3.65–2.10%) contents than their respective controls with 100% wheat flour. The functional cookies were rich in minerals: mainly calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium and manganese and can be consumed by all individuals to help meet daily needs, especially those of people who have increased needs for these essential nutrients. In addition to the darker color of the xiquexique cookies, the hardness of these was higher than that of the control cookies, while the expansion index was smaller. The data from the Check All That Apply sensory method, which consists of a test used mainly for recipe adjustments and the development of ideal food products, confirmed that xiquexique flour have the potential for the development of bakery products such as cookies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Resumos concluídos - Enfermagem

Resumos concluídos - Enfermage