"Effulgent in the firmament" the politics of representation and the politics of reception in South Africa's 'poetry of commitment', 1968-1983

This dissertation re-examines an era in the production and reception of English language poetry in South Africa by black writers. Intellectually the 1970's was the Black Consciousness phase of South African history and very few aspects of life in the country were untouched by the intellectual movement led by Steve Biko and other young black student leaders. The aesthetic and literary output of the time, like all other facets of South African life, exhibited the influence and pressures brought to bear by Black Consciousness. Moreover, the Black Consciousness poets introduced the most vibrant and innovative phase for English language poetry produced in South Africa. It is my contention, however, that such vibrancy and innovation has consistently been compromised by unsympathetic, often hostile, and almost-always ill-informed criticism. The dissertation offers a critique of the academic and journalistic practice of criticism in South Africa. I argue that critical practice in South Africa has been engaged throughout the twentieth century in the discursive enforcement of ‘discipline’. In his Discipline and Punish (1977) the French post-structuralist philosopher Michel Foucault demonstrated how power is wielded against oppressed/suppressed groups through self regulated proscriptions, and argued that power is a discursive rather than a corporeal phenomenon. My dissertation follows Foucault in reading the critical reception of Black Consciousness poetry as the practice of disciplinary power. The dissertation also engages critically with the poetry of Oswald Mtshali, Mongane Serote and Sipho Sepamla, and argues that their work is the inscription of black subjectivity into the literary and cultural mainstream. It situates their work within wider 6 societal debates and definitions of ‘blackness’. In this regard use is made again of Michel Foucault’s insights and methodology of discourse analysis as shown in The Archaeology of Knowledge (1972). I argue that Oswald Mtshali’s work is a failed attempt at a dissection of apartheid and colonialism from a broadly Christian and humanist perspective. In my reading of Mongane Serote I explore the relationship between women’s bodies and the practice of representation. It is my contention that Serote is most concerned with claims of belonging, and this is shown through his extensive use of the trope of ‘Mother’. My discussion of the poetry of Sipho Sepamla focuses on language and (self- )representation, particularly the use of practices of naming in constructing subjectivity. My contention is that Sepamla ultimately abandons attempts at representation in favour of oppositional self-construction in language. In the concluding chapter I defend the thesis that the politics of discipline have prevented the broad critical establishment from gaining access to these discursive constructions of blackness in the committed poetry of South Africa

The Empowerment Model of Cetho Temple Area As The Tirta Yatra Tourism and Widya Wisata Based on Tri Hita Karana In Jenawi Karanganyar.

The research entitled Revitalization Model of CethoTemple Area as the Tirta Yatra Tourism and Widya Wisata Based on Tri Hita Karana in Jenawi Karanganyar is the follow-up of the preliminary research entitled Revitalization Model of Cetho Temple Area as the Tirta Yatra Tourism and Widya Wisata Based on Tri Hita Karana in Jenawi Karanganyar. The findings in the first stage includes temple inventorying as the Tirta Yatra object, creating the cosmology of Cetha heaven universe, a Hinduism cosmology in that Area specifically. The empowerment model that can be offered in line with the area potential to all tourism stakeholders is the investment partnership empowerment: PMA, PMDN and/or none of them/special facility investment. The investment partnership empowerment can be explained into: Local Investment, Foreign Investment, Local and Foreign Partnership, Public and Private Partnership. The research entitled Revitalization Model of Cetho Temple Area as the Tirta Yatra Tourism and Widya Wisata Based on Tri Hita Karana in Jenawi Karanganyar is the architectural research, focusing specifically on the conservation field, because revitalization is a part of conservation. The concepts in Hindu religion underlie the revitalization model. Cetho Temple itself is the Hinduist cult temple. Ecology is the supporting discipline in this research in which it is expected to be the reference for the sustainable tourism development. Karanganyar Tourism Office had assigned the Sukuh and Cetho temples as the religious (Tirta Yatra) and education (Widya Wisata) tourism because those temples were originally built for the cult place by the Hinduist in the end of Majapahit reign in XIV century by Prabu Brawijaya. The problem lifted in this research is how is the Revitalization Model of Cetho Temple Area as the Tirta Yatra Tourism and Widya Wisata Based on Tri Hita Karana in Jenawi Karanganyar. This research was carried out for 3 years in three stages. The first stage is to find the macro layout of religious and educative tourism in Jenawi Subdistrict of Karanganyar Regency. The second stage is to look for the tourism stakeholder empowerment model for Cetho Temple area. The third stage, the core of research, is to find the revitalization model of Cetho Temple Area as the Tirta Yatra Tourism and Widya Wisata Based on Tri Hita Karana in Jenawi Subdistrict of Karanganyar. Method of collecting data employed in this study was phenomenological qualitative one, the data was obtained from observation and interview, inductive analysis, and the findings are particular in nature. Phenomenological method was used in collecting data, because its characteristics tend to end up in the datum. Meanwhile for the analysis on potential/strength, challenge, opportunity, etc, the SWOT analysis was used. Meanwhile in the third stage, the simulation and modeling methods were employed. In the first stage, the inventory and identification of potentials will be done, concerning both physical and non physical ones. The physical potentials include Cetho temple, natural resource, existence of temples in Jenawi subdistrict as the religious tourist destination for Hinduist. Meanwhile the non-physical potentials concern demography (human resource). In this stage, the philosophy of temple’s architectural elements is also revealed. In the second year, the empowering model was found including the one offered by PMDN, PMA and/or non-facility in the form of Public Private Partnership, Private empowering, Foreign investment Empowering, or Foreign, private Empowering. In the third stage, the sustainable revitalization model of Cetho temple as the religious (Tirta Yatra) and educative (Widya Wisata) based on Tri Karana, is the final target of research using simulation and modeling method in the architectural design, road infrastructure improvement, model design of tourism terminal, Water Park, Aero Sport Facilities, Ecotourism, Agro Tourism, ojek shelter, accommodation facilities (Home stay/Bungalow/Villa), Hindu religion education facility in the form of Pasraman. The reforestation measure is the sustainable action for saving the Cetho temple area. The theory underlying this stages are: Tourism, infrastructure, Terminal Design, Water Park, Aero Sport, Ecotourism and accommodation theories

Advance Health Care Directive Campaign

This interactive ebook encourages the development of an advance healthcare directive for people of all ages. Too often, they are seen as only being needed by people who are old or sick when everyone over the age of 18 should have one. Through interactive information screens, videos, mouse-over terms and glossary, you can explore the benefits of advance directives and how to choose the person who will speak for you if you cannot. An easy-to-use form for you to download and fill out is available. You just need to complete and print it, sign it with your witnesses and share it with your health care provider and loved ones. Please tell us what you think in the feedback section. This ebook won the Institute for Healthcare Advancement award for health literacy in published materials for 2019

Planning for the integration of the digital library, clinical decision support, and evidence at the point of care.

Integrating knowledge-based resources at the point of care is an important opportunity for hospital library involvement. In the progression of an IAIMS planning grant, the digital library is recognized as pivotal to the success of information domain integration throughout the institution. The planning process, data collection, and evolution of the planning project are discussed