Sensitive determination of Tartrazine (E 102) based on Chitosan/Nanoparticles/MWCNTs Modified Gold Electrode in food and beverage products

Food dyes can be categorized into natural and synthetic color. Tartrazine (E 102) which belong to the family of azo dyes and commonly used in food industry. Tartrazine imparts positive and negative benefits as well, by giving attractive physical appearance and consumer acceptance for over centuries. However, excessively intake of food Tartrazine can cause toxicity and pathogenicity to human. Due to arising of the health issues to mankind, researchers gave attentions for determination of Tartrazine by using analytical and advance methods. Currently, there are several analytical methods available, however, these methods are required skilled persons, time consuming and high cost. Herein, an electrochemical sensor was developed based on the combination of nanomaterials (chitosan, calcium nanoparticles and multiwall carbon nanotubes) for detection of Tartrazine. Electrochemical behavior of the modified gold electrode in the presence of Tartrazine was studied by using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimal conditions, the DPV was detected with different concentrations of Tartrazine in the range of 0.1 to 10 ppm, with low detection limit (3.3s/s)

The influence of knowledge, attitude and sensitivity to government policies in halal certification process on organizational performance

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to observe how the industry’s knowledge, attitude and sensitivity of the industry to the government’s current policy regarding the halal certification process influence the organization performance. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions to measure the human capital factors and the practice of halal requirements. The questionnaire was distributed to multinational companies and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia, of which 206 responses were usable for analysis. The respondents were halal committee members in the respective companies. Smart PLS version 2.0 was used to analyze the relationship of each construct using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. The outcome of this study showed a positive relationship between knowledge of and attitude and sensitivity toward government policies and organizational performance. Findings: The outcome of this study showed a positive relationship between knowledge, attitude, sensitivity to government policy and organizational performance. The R2 value for the main model is 0.419, indicating that 41.9 per cent of the variance in the extent of collaboration can be explained by knowledge, attitude and sensitivity to government policies. Result also showed that all the hypotheses were supported and were significant at p < 0.01. It also showed that the control of an organization’s internal resources through human factors ranging from knowledge, attitude and sensitivity to government policies should be emphasized, as it is a contributing factor, and it strives to improve organizational performance. Research limitations/implications: There were a limited number of respondents. A larger number of respondents would reflect a more accurate study. Besides, this study only focused on the halal food industry operators, while the presence of halal now covers other schemes such as logistics, consumer products and others. Moreover, this study only focused on two main groups: multinational companies and SMEs. Practical implications: This study has provided some major implications. First, on behalf of the state, the results of this study clearly show that the human capital factor should be prioritized. Second, on behalf of the industry, this study can fill the void that exists in strengthening the industry through efforts to improve internal controls related to organizations including attending halal food courses and applying values among members of the organization. Third, the implication to theory and literature that the research-based view is suitable for use even in the food industry has been proved. Social implications: The results of this study can increase consumer confidence in the management of an organization, especially in the halal food industry. Originality/value: Halal’s rapid development has led many researchers to study halal. Till now, there is no research on three major areas of human capital aspects, namely, knowledge, attitude and sensitivity to governmental policies that involve internal halal committee members in the industry as subject of study in one model. Moreover, this research attempts to cover the latest acts, standards, procedures and guidelines provided by the government

Extraction, analytical and advanced methods for detection of allura red AC (E129) in food and beverages products

Allura Red AC (E129) is an azo dye that widely used in drinks, juices, bakery, meat, and sweets products. High consumption of Allura Red has claimed an adverse effects of human health including allergies, food intolerance, cancer, multiple sclerosis, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, brain damage, nausea, cardiac disease and asthma due to the reaction of aromatic azo compounds (R = R′ = aromatic). Several countries have banned and strictly controlled the uses of Allura Red in food and beverage products. This review paper is critically summarized on the available analytical and advanced methods for determination of Allura Red and also concisely discussed on the acceptable daily intake, toxicology and extraction methods

Optimization assay of Enzymatic Biosensors for determination of Carbaryl Pesticides

Pesticides are chemicals used worldwide to destroy or control insects, fungi, and other pests. In agriculture, farmers use numerous pesticides to protect seeds and crops. Application of pesticides compounds has indeed significantly increased the yield of agricultural products such as vegetables and fruits. The excessive use of pesticides somehow negatively affects both human and environment. The bioaccumulation characteristic has allowed them to accumulate and remain persistent in the environment for a long period. The presence of pesticides in the environment is particularly hazardous, and prolonged exposure may leads to several health problems like asthma attacks, skin rashes and neurological diseases. Carbaryl is one of the most widely used pesticides due to its powerful effect and low cost. At present, pesticides are detected through conventional analytical techniques. However, such techniques requires high skills personnel, expensive instruments and time-consuming. A demand for simple, fast and effective method is necessary for pesticide detection. This lead to the development of enzymatic biosensor which the objective is to immobilize butyrycholinesterase enzyme based on chitosan onto the glassy carbon electrode via cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. Optimization of the experimental parameters for the biosensor performance was conducted using cyclic voltammetry which includes pH, time, scan rate and the effect of methylene blue. Upon the optimizations, it found that pH7 of electrolyte solution, 40s of response time and 50mVs-1 was identified to provide the optimum conditions for the proposed biosensor that potentially can be used as a tool for pesticide detection. The optimized parameters will be employed for further experiments for designation of sensitive enzymatic biosensor for detection of pesticides from the vegetables

Highly sensitive determination of sunset yellow FCF (E110) in food products based on Chitosan/Nanoparticles/MWCNTs with modified gold electrode

Sunset Yellow belongs to the family of azo dyes, commonly used in food industry. High consumption of Sunset Yellow can cause health problem to human. Due to arising of the health issues, there are several analytical methods available for determination of Sunset Yellow. However, these methods are required skilled manpower, complicated procedures, time consuming and high cost. Herein, an electrochemical sensor was developed based on the combination of chitosan (CHIT), calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaONPs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) sensing film for detection of Sunset Yellow in food products. Electrochemical behavior of the modified gold electrode in the presence of Sunset Yellow was studied by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The morphological characteristics of CHIT/CaONPs/MWCNTs were observed under scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Under optimal conditions, the DPV was detected with different concentrations of Sunset Yellow in the range of 0.9 to 10 ppm, with detection limit of 0.8 ppm. The developed method has successfully applied for monitoring the presence of Sunset Yellow with different food products including candy, royal jelly, ice cream and soft drink with satisfactory results

Evaluation of knowledge, halal quality assurance practices and commitment among food industries in Malaysia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the level of knowledge, halal dietary quality assurance practices, and commitment among food industries in the implementation of halal in Malaysia. Besides, the study was based on two categories that are considered major contributors in the chain of halal food sector in Malaysia which are the multinational, and small medium enterprise (SME). Design/methodology/approach – Two company’s categories related to halal food and beverage industry which are the multinational, and SME were chosen in this research based on the similarities in terms of functions and needs in the implementation of halal in Malaysia. Furthermore, both categories are the main groups in the halal food sector that support the growth of other categories. The sample of the study was comprised of 241 companies from halal certification holders (MNCs=69; SMEs=172).Cross-sectional study through random sampling and purposive sampling was used where the internal halal committee who have been specifically appointed in the organization were asked to fill in the questionnaire. Personally hand-delivered questionnaires in workplaces was used as a method of data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Findings – Based on the analysis, it was found that the level of knowledge, halal quality assurance practices and commitment to be at a good level. Whereas the results of inference showed that there are significant differences for the three variables studied. Research limitations/implications – In the study there are some limitations, namely; first, the categories studied are focussed solely on halal food industry. Halal now been expanded to other products such as pharmaceutical, logistics, etc. Second, the standards used are the standard and guidelines on the handling of food. Finally, the limitations in obtaining more respondents as most industry in Malaysia is still concerned to provide feedback and view it as the secrecy of the company. Practical implications – First, the implication of the theory and literature studies in which the research prevalence is associated with the ISO quality and quality management, integration of multiple disciplines and concepts is essential as a combination of elements of human capital and strategic management. Second, on behalf of the government or specially-appointed halal certification body, it can give a clear picture of the exposure and promotion related to the deed, procedures, and guidelines have gone through several changes and amendments. In addition, it is also able to evaluate the effectiveness of a number of conditions that are required such as internal halal appointment committee. Third for industry practitioners, focussing in delivering halal standards is not dependent on the system, working patterns, and technologies alone, but should also take into account the element of human capital and organizational responsibility in maintaining halal integrity and enhancing the knowledge and halal dietary management in accordance with the requirements of Islamic law and fatwa. Social implications – On behalf of the users, the confidence is there and in order to produce a halal product, it involves a fairly strict chain and has always been regulated by a special committee whose role are meeting the needs outlined halal standards. Originality/value – The study is the starting point in discussing in detail about the halal knowledge, halal quality assurance, and commitment after the standardization and harmonization of halal certification in early 2012. Furthermore, there are a few revisions on the act, standards, and procedures by the halal certification body, which halal assurance should be implemented and considered still new

The effect of halal certification approach on performance among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia

This study was designed to investigate the effects of halal certification approach through several key variables. The identified variables include planning, procedures, implementation, monitoring and assurance, and commitment to improving halal food industry performance among SMEs in Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions to measure the planning, procedure, implementing, controlling and commitment influence the organizational performance is used. The questionnaires were distributed to the committee members amongst halal Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) in Malaysia, in which 344 are usable for analysis. Smart PLS version 2.0 was used to analyze the relationship of each construct. The outcome of this study showed a positive relationship between halal control, the implementation of halal standards, organizational commitment and organizational performance. The study found that organizational performance is influenced by a combination of related elements in the internal organization control, including halal control, halal standard implementation and commitment which generates a high performance. This study has provided some implications on theory, model and practical implication. Halal certification approach elements should acknowledged by all parties in transforming Malaysia as a halal hub internationally

The influence of halal practices on organizational performance among food industries (SMEs) in Malaysia

The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of halal practices on organizational performance among the halal food industries (Small and Medium Enterprises — SMEs) in Malaysia. In this study, four key elements have been identified as performance predictors which are; halal and thoyyib, internal process, halal assurance, and staff. A cross-sectional study design has been adopted in this study through quantitative methods using closed-ended questions. Questionnaires were distributed to the halal food industry in Malaysia, and 172 of them are usable for analysis at an organizational level. Respondents who participated in this study are internal committee members specially appointed for halal control management within the organisation. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Descriptive analysis showed that the level of halal practices and the performance of the halal food industry in Malaysia were positive. In addition, the inference test results proved that there is a significant correlation between all the variables studied. However, based on the regression analysis, the halal and thoyyib; and halal assurance dimensions majorly influence the performance of the organization as compared to internal dimensions of the process and staff. This research gives the implications toward government, industry and consumers