On Identifying the Motivating Factors of Job & Career Satisfaction of IT Professionals in Dhaka City of Bangladesh

An effective organization will make sure that there is a spirit of cooperation and sense of commitment and satisfaction within the sphere of its influence. In today’s dynamic and ever changing environment the job & career satisfaction has emerged as the key fact for motivating employees towards the organizational goals and objectives. This issue has also been identified as one of the most important issues in today’s all sector. Information technology (IT) has in the recent times dominated all aspect of the business world, and, for this reason, today's business environment is more challenging and more dynamic than in previous years. In the development of information and communication technology (ICT), the fact of job & career satisfaction is becoming more complex day by day. To cope with the changes and upcoming challenges, organizations must identify the factors, which have profound impact on organizational performance as well as job satisfaction. This study is important because companies need to know the effects of job satisfaction to IT personnel and to the corporation as a whole. Unfortunately, very insufficient number of studies has been conducted in this area context of Bangladesh. This study is important because companies need to know the effects of job satisfaction to IT personnel and to the corporation as a whole. This study will help companies and company executives to understand that integrating the use of IT into their business in order to maximize profit and optimum performance depends on the level of satisfaction given to the IT professionals. This study focused on examining job satisfaction of Information Technology professionals in the Dhaka city of Bangladesh, paying particular attention to the most important factors of job satisfaction for IT workers. This paper determines the association between different characteristics of the respondents and the level of Job satisfaction among IT professional in Dhaka city. This paper also determines the key factors of Job satisfaction like salary, supervision, working environment, personal growth, training and promotion are the sources or determiners of satisfaction of IT professional in Dhaka city of Bangladesh which gives IT leaders and management the perception and vision to tackle job satisfaction issues in the IT environment. Keywords: Job & Career Satisfaction, Information Technology, Logistic Regression, Banglades

Usages Pattern of Cell Phone in Classroom: A Case Study of Mathematical and Physical Science Faculty Students of Jahangirnagar University

Now-a-days mobile phone is very important communicational device. This cableless device reduces the hazards of the land phone. In spite of its various advantages it has some disadvantages also. Misusing of mobile phone increases the disadvantages of this device day by day. Unnecessary talking makes the reasons of wasting the money and time for the youth. Modern cell phones enable users to access a variety of electronic media at almost any time and any place. At present, the cell phone is likely to be on hand while university students are in class and studying. Thus, the main purpose of the present study is to investigate the usages pattern of cell phone in class room with the help of the evidences from Mathematical and Physical Science Faculty Students of Jahangirnagar University. The result shows that a cell phone is a very important tool for study as most of the respondents used their phones for study purposes. Cell phones are increasingly one of the most popular information access devices and multiuser functions which can be beneficial during study. This study suggests that mobile phone designers must take into account how young people use cell phones for educational purposes. The presence of cell phones presents a host of options and challenges for today’s students. Higher institutions can take advantage of the potential and capitalize on the cell phone for educational purposes because of the intrinsic motivation of university students in wanting to communicate among themselves. Keywords: Mobile phone usage, Classroom, University student

An Impact Measurement on the Loan Operation of Agricultural Marketing Goods by the Lenders: A Case Study of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is predominantly agricultural country from the beginning of its invention. About 85% people are living in the rural society to sustain their life in the hard situation. To the rural economy finance is very potential to provide in the development of agricultural activities. Various banks are providing agricultural loan under the control of Bangladesh Bank in the development of agriculture sector. Among them BKB, RAKUB and four government bank played key role in the agriculture development besides private commercial banks and foreign commercial banks are also active in loan providing. The aim of this paper is to identify the relation of agricultural marketing goods loan to other loans. This study is confined to the loans on different agricultural sectors by five banks of Bangladesh named NCBs, BKB, RAKUB, BRDB and BSBL and the contribution to agricultural marketing goods loan by the agriculture sector by the lenders for the nine years period from 2005-2006 to 2011-2012.  This paper shows that all the variables are not positively correlated to each other. Except the loan on marketing of agricultural goods, the correlation among the other loans is positive. On the basis of  statistics, we may conclude that the coefficient of the loan on Purchase of irrigation equipment, loan on Livestock and loan Poverty Alleviation are so statistically significant at 5 percent level of significance. Other coefficients of the independent variables considered in the study are statistically significant at 5 percent level of significance. Keywords: Agricultural marketing goods loan, Lenders (NCBs, BKB, RAKUB, BRDB and BSBL), Banglades

Effect of Advertisement on Purchasing Energy Drink in Dhaka City of Bangladesh

Public announcement intended to promote the sale, purchase or rental of a product or service to advance a cause or idea or to bring about some other effect desired by the advertiser, for which transmission time has been given to the advertiser for remuneration or similar consideration. The consumer durables usually calls for a greater exchange and hence the consumer decision-making process turns into a comparative critical evaluation method before the purchase is made; the first moving consumers good (FMCG) do not follow the same procedure in reaching at the purchase decision. Failure to address the advertising communication tools accordingly is wastage of valuable time, money, effort as well as other resources. For instances, communicating through an ineffective media or otherwise failing to reach the target segment is wastage of resources along with loss of sales as well as other favorable consequences. So that this paper tries to identify the advertisement effectiveness of energy drinks in different media on the buying decision among the peoples of Dhaka in Bangladesh. In order to reach the study objectives convenience/purposive sampling has been employed and sample is selected from different shopping mall of different areas of Dhaka city. The results of this study show that advertisement has great influence in expanding Energy drink Company. So producer should spend huge amount of money in advertisement and also should prepare the advertisement in such way that people of all classes are attracted of that advertisement and the most effective media is TV. Keywords: Energy Drink, Advertisement, Dhaka City, Banglades

Age and sex-specific disability-free life expectancy in urban and rural settings of Bangladesh

Background Disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) has been used to gain a better understanding of the population’s quality of life. Objectives The authors aimed to estimate age and sex-specific disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) for urban and rural areas of Bangladesh, as well as to investigate the differences in DFLE between males and females of urban and rural areas. Methods Data from the Bangladesh Sample Vital Statistics-2016 and the Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES)-2016 were used to calculate the disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) of urban and rural males and females in Bangladesh in 2016. The DFLE was calculated using the Sullivan method. Results With only a few exceptions, rural areas have higher mortality and disability rates than urban areas. For both males and females, statistically significant differences in DFLE were reported between urban and rural areas between the ages of birth and 39 years. In comparison to rural males and females, urban males and females had a longer life expectancy (LE), a longer disability-free life expectancy, and a higher share of life without disability. Conclusion This study illuminates stark urban–rural disparities in LE and DFLE, especially among individuals aged < 1–39 years. Gender dynamics reveal longer life expectancy but shorter disability-free life expectancy for Bangladeshi women compared to men, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address these pronounced health inequalities

Forecasting of Wheat Production in Kushtia District & Bangladesh by ARIMA Model: An Application of Box-Jenkin’s Method

After independence, in 1971, Bangladesh faced an acute food shortage. Production of rice, the main crop, declined because of the disruption of virtually all agricultural activities during the War of Liberation, and also due to various natural calamities, such as floods, droughts, cyclones, and rapid population growth. It was realized that rice alone could not meet the food requirement of the country. Wheat was therefore chosen as an alternate food crop in the winter season, which remains mostly free from natural calamities. Trend of wheat consumption is increasing over the three decades due to rapid expansion of green revolution technologies, irrigation in dry season, government subsidies in agriculture, improved seeds, increase of arable land, appropriate pesticides use and sufficient fertilizer use. One of the main aims of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of Bangladesh by the year 2015 is to eradicate hunger, chronic food insecurity, and extreme destitution. Thus it is essential to estimate the production of food-grains. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model by Box-Jenkin’s methods that could be used to forecast the production of wheat in Kushtia district as well as Bangladesh. The best selected ARIMA model for forecasting the wheat productions in Kushtia district is ARIMA (1,2,1), and, for whole Bangladesh it is ARIMA (0,2,1). This paper makes a comparison between the original series and forecasted series which also shows the same trend in wheat productions, indicating the fitted model are statistically well behaved to forecast wheat productions in Kushtia district as well as Bangladesh

Forecasting the Sugarcane Production in Bangladesh by ARIMA Model

Around 70% of the world’s sugar is produced from sugarcane. The production of sugarcane is fluctuated from year to year due to fluctuation of area under sugarcane cultivation. According to FAO, sugar requirement per capita/day is 29g and Bangladesh requires 1.0-1.2 million tonnes of sugar/year to meet the demand of domestic consumption. To meet the demand of domestic consumption of sugar, it is too much essential to estimate the production of sugar since sugar is produced mainly from sugarcane in Bangladesh which leads us to do this research. The main purpose of this research is to identify the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model that could be used to forecast the production of sugarcane in Bangladesh. This study considered the published secondary data of yearly sugarcane production in Bangladesh over the period 1971 to 2013. The best selected Box-Jenkins ARIMA model for forecasting the sugarcane productions in Bangladesh is ARIMA (0,2,1). The comparison between the original series and forecasted series shows the same manner indicating fitted model are statistically well behaved to forecast sugarcane productions in Bangladesh i.e., the models forecast well during and beyond the estimation period to a satisfactory level

Challenges for influencing exclusive breastfeeding practice among lactating mothers with infants aged 0–6 months in Borama District, Somaliland: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract Background and Aims Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has been demonstrated to have positive effects on a child's survival, growth, and development, as well as a mother's health and well‐being. The authors aim to examine the barriers to EBF among lactating mothers in Borama town, Somaliland, with infants aged <6 months. Methods The authors collected primary data on a sample of 153 lactating mothers in Borama town, Somaliland, for this study. This study used descriptive statistics with frequencies and percentages. Moreover, the multivariable logistic regression model is applied to analyze the data. Results Findings revealed that about 28.1% of mothers pointed out that breastfeeding should be the baby's first meal. Surprisingly, 69.3% of the women were unaware that 6 months of EBF may keep a baby healthy. Results depict that EBF was influenced by lack of education (AOR: 0.013; 95% Cl: 0.001, 0.124), marital status (AOR: 0.40; 95% Cl: 0.004, 0.427), employed mothers (AOR: 0.070; 95% Cl: 0.043, 0.94), mothers perception of milk quantity (AOR: 0.033; 95% Cl: 0.001, 0.124), and perceived rejection to breastfeeding by the baby (AOR: 0.043; 95% Cl: 0.021, 0.134). Mothers who had no formal education or a primary level of education have less chance of practicing EBF than higher‐educated mothers. Conclusions It is observed that the educational level of mothers, marital status (widow), employed mother, perceived insufficient milk, and the perceived rejection of breastfeeding by the baby are the major challenges for enhancing the EBF practice. The authors suggested that the Ministry of Health examine how effectively breastfeeding counseling is implemented in medical facilities. Moreover, the authors suggest that the government, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and community associations collaboratively plan and carry out suitable programs focusing on vulnerable groups

Estimating the potato farming efficiency: A comparative study between stochastic frontier analysis and data envelopment analysis

Background The government of Bangladesh has been trying to encourage potato consumption to reduce pressure on rice consumption and earn foreign currency along with ensuring zero hunger that helps to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal. It is necessary to use farmers’ resources and current technology more efficiently to meet the demand. Therefore, the authors aimed to evaluate the farm-level efficiency of potato farming in Bangladesh. Methods and materials The Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and the input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methods are used to compute farm-level technical, allocative, and economic efficiencies and inefficiency of potato farming. The primary data were collected through interviews of 300 potato farmers from Munshigonj, Rangpur, Dinajpur, and Joypurhat districts of Bangladesh. Results The findings revealed that the efficiency score of the SFA model is higher than the DEA model, which implies that the SFA frontier fits better than the DEA frontier. In the case of DEA, variable returns to scale (VRS) technical efficiency (TE) enveloped data more closely than constant returns to scale (CRS) TE. Results of efficiency suggest significant economic, technical, and allocative inefficiencies in potato farming and there is a scope to increase potato production levels through efficiency improvement. Inefficiency analysis shows that infrastructure and socio-economic factors jointly influence potato production variability. Conclusions The authors suggest for using the SFA to find efficiencies in the agriculture sector. To achieve efficiency in potato production, the government needs to pay attention for improving the allocative and economic efficiencies along with emphasizing to choose the appropriate technology and efficient use of resources for the scale of operation