Exploring the Perceptions and Experiences of Local Versus Non-Local Rangers: Insights From Across 11 Countries

Multiple demographic factors can affect ranger experiences and perceptions of their work, including factors like gender, age, and income. Similarly, whether a ranger is local to their conservation area might influence their experiences and perceptions of the work. This premise, however, has received limited attention. In this study we use survey data from across 11 countries to explore how being local to a conservation area might affect ranger experiences and perceptions. We define local rangers as originally being from within 20km of their conservation area. Our findings suggest that being local corresponds to more positive relations with local communities. Our results also imply that whilst being a local ranger might not directly affect job satisfaction, local rangers may well enjoy higher job satisfaction because of how they tend to differ from non-local rangers in other characteristics (e.g., lower formal education; greater access to familial support; more amicable community relations). Moreover, our findings indicate that non-local rangers tend to experience certain symptoms associated with a challenging job (e.g., feeling worn out and emotionally exhausted) more regularly than local rangers, which might correspond to lower welfare. In all, our findings indicate that further, more in-depth research into how the perceptions and experiences of local versus non-local rangers might differ could be useful. Examining the links between being a local ranger and community relations might be especially valuable

Outlook and appraisal [November 1985]

The Scottish economy, like that of the UK as a whole, looks set to experience a substantial shift in the relative importance of the factors determining growth in the coming year. As discussed elsewhere in the Commentary (see British Economy), growth in the recent past has been driven mainly by the expansion of investment and exports. With the interrelated factors of sterling's strength and continuing high real UK interest rates operating against a background of some deceleration in the growth of world trade, the prospect is that these influences will be largely replaced by the re-emergence of consumers' expenditure as the principal determinant of growth

The world economy [August 1985]

The recovery in the world economy which began in 1982 now appears to be moving out of its fastest growth phase. With the US economy growing more slowly in the first half of 1985 than in the corresponding period of 1984, the previous marked differences in growth rates between the US and the European economies are being eroded. Indeed, a number of European countries look set to achieve faster growth during 1984 than the US. Largely due to slower US growth, world trade is likely to expand this year by around 5J-6S as compared to 9% last year. The Bonn economic summit in May and subsequent policy statements provide no indications that the slackening momentum in the world economy is to be compensated for by reflation elsewhere

The British economy [November 1985]

In his November Statement the Chancellor of the Exchequer has forecast continuing expansion of the economy during 1986. The recent growth of exports and investment is not expected to be maintained but consumer spending, boosted by higher real earnings and tax cuts in the Spring Budget, will rise

The Scottish economy [November 1985]

With the inauguration of the quarterly Scottish Business Survey (SBS) in September 1984 there are now two regular up-to-date indicators of trends in the Scottish industrial sector. The combination of the new survey and the long-standing CBI Industrial Trends Survey provides a comprehensive assessment of trends in Scottish industry

The British economy [August 1985]

The pace of economic growth rose above the underlying growth rate in the first half of 1985 as a consequence of recovery from the miners' dispute and first quarter bunching of investment expenditure. In response to higher interest rates and the Chancellor's continuing commitment to the Medium Term Financial Strategy, sterling has strengthened and has remained resilient in the face of continuing uncertanties concerning oil prices. Output is set to grow by more than 3% this year before falling back as the impetus of the rebound from the miners' dispute diminishes and investment expenditure slackens. This slowdown in activity is likely to be reinforced by the current levels of the exchange rate and of interest rates

The Scottish economy [November 1984]

With the inauguration of the quarterly Scottish Business Survey (SBS) in September there are now two regular and up-to-date indicators of trends in the Scottish industrial sector. The combination of the new survey and the long-standing CBI Industrial Trends Survey provides a comprehensive and up to date assessment of trends in Scottish industry

The Scottish economy [February 1985]

With the inauguration of the quarterly Scottish Business Survey (SBS) in September 1984 there are now two regular and up-to-date indicators of trends in the Scottish industrial sector. The combination of the new survey and the long-standing CBI Industrial Trends Survey provides a comprehensive assessment of trends in Scottish industry

Outlook and appraisal [February 1985]

During 1984 the British economy maintained the growth rate of 2.5% achieved in the latter part of 1983. Growth in 1984 was depressed by the coal dispute which meant the direct loss of mining income and output and an associated reduction in the overall demand for the output of sectors such as Metal Goods and Mechanical Engineering. Resolution of the miners' dispute in the early part of the year and a full return to work will, with the associated "rebound" in activity, lead to a growth rate for 1985 of around 3 The longer the dispute is prolonged, the closer UK growth to the end of 1985 will approach the underlying rate of about 2.

The Scottish economy [May 1985]

With the inauguration of the quarterly Scottish Business Survey (SBS) in September 1984 there are now two regular and up-to-date indicators of trends in the Scottish industrial sector . The combination of the new survey and the long-standing CBI Industrial Trends Survey provides a comprehensive assessment of trends in Scottish industry