Enwau ac Anryfeddodau Ynys Prydain and a Tradition of Topographical Wonders in Medieval Britain

This paper attempts to determine the possible use of the Wonders tradition in later medieval Britain. Enwau ac Anryfeddodau Ynys Prydain and various English chronicles appropriate a marvelous landscape from a partially shared, circulating tradition of British Wonders.  I will argue that for both the Welsh and English writers, the Wonders of the Island of Britain are a significant aspect of their nationalist agenda and an important component of the ‘Matter of Britain’. Additionally, I will note that the manuscript context of Enwau ac Anryfeddodau Ynys Prydain convincingly suggests that it was thought of less as a translation (from potential Latin sources) or a geographical treatise and more as cyfarwyddyd (the traditional narrative material or lore of medieval Wales).  By upholding the Wonders as Welsh tradition, the Welsh establish themselves as the rightful custodians of the mythos of Prydain (Britain) and its mythological geography that was once theirs

Equine keratitis and the possible involvement of equine adenovirus type 1 (EAdV1) and type 2 (EAdV2)

An attempt was made to isolate equine adenoviruses from the conjuntival sacs of horses suffering from keratitis using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method of amplification for detection

Reading Boethius in Medieval England: The Consolation of Philosophy from Alfred to Ashby

This chapter provides a holistic overview of the reception of Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy in medieval England, from the Old English Boethius to George Ashby’s A Prisoner’s Reflections, as well as chapter summaries for the essays in The Legacy of Boethius in Medieval England: The Consolation and its Afterlives

Locating Place and Landscape in Early Insular Literature

No abstract

The Cost of Nepa

In this session we will discuss how the National Environmental Policy Act does or does not affect a project’s bottom line. NEPA costs by project/NEPA document type will be presented, followed by a group discussion with a panel of at least one INDOT NEPA practitioner, one NEPA consultant, and one INDOT consultant services manager. The session will conclude with an open discussion for project managers, consultants, designers, and other stakeholders about costs, ways to move forward, and working toward a better understanding of environmental costs, schedule constraints, and various other issue

Subcutaneous Neurotophin 4 Infusion Using Osmotic Pumps or Direct Muscular Injection Enhances Aging Rat Laryngeal Muscles

Laryngeal dysfunction in the elderly is a major cause of disability, from voice disorders to dysphagia and loss of airway protective reflexes. Few, if any, therapies exist that target age-related laryngeal muscle dysfunction. Neurotrophins are involved in muscle innervation and differentiation of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). It is thought that neurotrophins enhance neuromuscular transmission by increasing neurotransmitter release. The neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) become smaller and less abundant in aging rat laryngeal muscles, with evidence of functional denervation. We explored the effects of NTF4 for future clinical use as a therapeutic to improve function in aging human laryngeal muscles. Here, we provide the detailed protocol for systemic application and direct injection of NTF4 to investigate the ability of aging rat laryngeal muscle to remodel in response to NTF4 application. In this method, rats either received NTF4 either systemically via osmotic pump or by direct injection through the vocal folds. Laryngeal muscles were then dissected and used for histological examination of morphology and age-related denervation

Effects of the Orion Launch Abort Vehicle Plumes on Aerodynamics and Controllability

Characterization of the launch abort system of the Multi-purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) for control design and accurate simulation has provided a significant challenge to aerodynamicists and design engineers. The design space of the launch abort vehicle (LAV) includes operational altitudes from ground level to approximately 300,000 feet, Mach numbers from 0-9, and peak dynamic pressure near 1300psf during transonic flight. Further complicating the characterization of the aerodynamics and the resultant vehicle controllability is the interaction of the vehicle flowfield with the plumes of the two solid propellant motors that provide attitude control and the main propulsive impulse for the LAV. These interactions are a function of flight parameters such as Mach number, altitude, dynamic pressure, vehicle attitude, as well as parameters relating to the operation of the motors themselves - either as a function of time for the AM, or as a result of the flight control system requests for control torque from the ACM. This paper discusses the computational aerodynamic modeling of the aerodynamic interaction caused by main abort motor and the attitude control motor of the MPCV LAV, showing the effects of these interactions on vehicle controllability

Enhancement of Aging Rat Laryngeal Muscles with Endogenous Growth Factor Treatment

Clinical evidence suggests that laryngeal muscle dysfunction is associated with human aging. Studies in animal models have reported morphological changes consistent with denervation in laryngeal muscles with age. Life‐long laryngeal muscle activity relies on cytoskeletal integrity and nerve–muscle communication at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). It is thought that neurotrophins enhance neuromuscular transmission by increasing neurotransmitter release. We hypothesized that treatment with neurotrophin 4 (NTF4) would modify the morphology and functional innervation of aging rat laryngeal muscles. Fifty‐six Fischer 344xBrown Norway rats (6‐ and 30‐mo age groups) were used to evaluate to determine if NTF4, given systemically (n = 32) or directly (n = 24), would improve the morphology and functional innervation of aging rat thyroarytenoid muscles. Results demonstrate the ability of rat laryngeal muscles to remodel in response to neurotrophin application. Changes were demonstrated in fiber size, glycolytic capacity, mitochondrial, tyrosine kinase receptors (Trk), NMJ content, and denervation in aging rat thyroarytenoid muscles. This study suggests that growth factors may have therapeutic potential to ameliorate aging‐related laryngeal muscle dysfunction