Thermal Vacuum Test Correlation of a Zero Propellant Load Case Thermal Capacitance Propellant Gauging Analytical Model

This thesis describes the development and correlation of a thermal model that forms the foundation of a thermal capacitance spacecraft propellant load estimator. Specific details of creating the thermal model for the diaphragm propellant tank used on NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft using ANSYS and the correlation process implemented are presented. The thermal model was correlated to within plus or minus 3 degrees Celsius of the thermal vacuum test data, and was determined sufficient to make future propellant predictions on MMS. The model was also found to be relatively sensitive to uncertainties in applied heat flux and mass knowledge of the tank. More work is needed to improve temperature predictions in the upper hemisphere of the propellant tank where predictions were found to be 2 to 2.5 C lower than the test data. A road map for applying the model to predict propellant loads on the actual MMS spacecraft toward its end of life in 2017-2018 is also presented

Intraprostatic Injection of Absolute Ethanol or Botulinum Toxin as a Treatment for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review of the Literature

INTRODUCTION: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a highly prevalent disease that inflicts significant inconvenience upon men afflicted with it and, if left untreated, can progress to complete obstruction resulting in uremia and kidney failure. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the published evidence regarding the use of two injectable agents, botulinum toxin (BT) and absolute ethanol (AE), used intraprostatically and to assess their effectiveness as a potential minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of several databases including MEDLINE was performed, and articles were selected based on their fitting predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies were evaluated based on four research questions examining the efficacy of the treatment in relieving subjective and objective elements of BPH, its safety, and comparisons with traditional treatment options. RESULTS: A total of five studies using BT and six using AE was selected for inclusion in the review. The studies varied significantly in the quality of their design and implementation. Subjective relief of the BPH symptoms was measured in every study, while resolution of the different objective signs of BPH was measured to a varying degree in each study. Very few significant safety issues were reported in any of these studies. No study using either agent directly compared the therapeutic effects of intraprostatic injection to a traditional therapy for BPH. CONCLUSIONS: Published studies indicate that intraprostatic injection of AE and BT are safe and effective treatments for BPH. Whether these treatments are superior to traditional interventions for BPH in efficacy or cost remains to be determined, and before this treatment modality can be recommended for use in routine practice, blinded, high quality, controlled randomized trials testing them must be performed.Master of Public Healt

Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Propellant Tank Thermal Capacitance Model

No abstract availabl

LMDA Canada: Canadian Caucus Newsletter, November 1999

Contents include: LMDA Canadian Caucus Membership, Letter from the Editor, Survey Results, Canadian Dramaturtle Goes to Oz, Translation on the St. Lawrence, Experimenting with the Audience, Feeding My Habit or Why I Stopped Being a Dramaturg and Went Back to School, Mini-Conference on Dramaturgy 1999, Canadians in Chicago, War of the Worlds, Dramaturging Dr. Faustus, Inside the Process: A New Angle on the Spring Festival of New Plays, ScriptLab: Millennium Approacheshttps://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/lmdanewsletter/1029/thumbnail.jp

Modeling the Martian dust cycle 2. Multiannual radiatively active dust transport simulations

Multiannual dust transport simulations have been performed using a Mars general circulation model containing a dust transport scheme which responds to changes in the atmospheric state. If the dust transport is 'radiatively active,� the atmospheric state also responds to changes in the dust distribution. This paper examines the suspended dust distribution obtained using different lifting parameterizations, including an analysis of dust storms produced spontaneously during these simulations. The lifting mechanisms selected are lifting by (1) near-surface wind stress and (2) convective vortices known as dust devils. Each mechanism is separated into two types of parameterization: threshold-sensitive and -insensitive. The latter produce largely unrealistic annual dust cycles and storms, and no significant interannual variability. The threshold-sensitive parameterizations produce more realistic annual and interannual behavior, as well as storms with similarities to observed events, thus providing insight into how real Martian dust storms may develop. Simulations for which dust devil lifting dominates are too dusty during northern summer. This suggests either that a removal mechanism (such as dust scavenging by water ice) reduces opacities at this time or that dust devils are not the primary mechanism for storm production. Simulations for which near-surface wind stress lifting dominates produce the observed low opacities during northern spring/summer, yet appear unable to produce realistic global storms without storm decay being prevented by the occurrence of large-scale positive feedbacks on further lifting. Simulated dust levels are generally linked closely to the seasonal state of the atmosphere, and no simulation produces the observed amount of interannual variability

Deep Space GNSS in Moon Transfer Orbit: the LuGRE Receiver

The Lunar GNSS Receiver Experiment (LuGRE) is a payload developed as part of the NASA Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program as a partnership between the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The main objective of the project is to achieve GNSS-based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) during the Moon Transfer Orbit (MTO) and, finally, on the Moon's Surface (MS). The project focused on the development of a GNSS Software Defined Radio (SDR) receiver, which is a Moon-customized version of the Qascom QN400-SPACE. The receiver logic has been refined with specific features that permit it to operate properly in deep-space environments. High-sensitivity acquisition and tracking techniques have been embedded to acquire and track GNSS signals at higher altitudes. Specialized Navigation plugins have been added for MTO and static MS positioning. This paper aims to present and analyze the most significant results obtained during the LuGRE receiver test campaign. The test scenarios are presented to provide a fruitful comparison between the receiver's real and expected performance

DNA damage by lipid peroxidation products: implications in cancer, inflammation and autoimmunity

Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation (LPO) induced by inflammation, excess metal storage and excess caloric intake cause generalized DNA damage, producing genotoxic and mutagenic effects. The consequent deregulation of cell homeostasis is implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of malignancies and degenerative diseases. Reactive aldehydes produced by LPO, such as malondialdehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, react with DNA bases, generating promutagenic exocyclic DNA adducts, which likely contribute to the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects associated with oxidative stress-induced LPO. However, reactive aldehydes, when added to tumor cells, can exert an anticancerous effect. They act, analogously to other chemotherapeutic drugs, by forming DNA adducts and, in this way, they drive the tumor cells toward apoptosis. The aldehyde-DNA adducts, which can be observed during inflammation, play an important role by inducing epigenetic changes which, in turn, can modulate the inflammatory process. The pathogenic role of the adducts formed by the products of LPO with biological macromolecules in the breaking of immunological tolerance to self antigens and in the development of autoimmunity has been supported by a wealth of evidence. The instrumental role of the adducts of reactive LPO products with self protein antigens in the sensitization of autoreactive cells to the respective unmodified proteins and in the intermolecular spreading of the autoimmune responses to aldehyde-modified and native DNA is well documented. In contrast, further investigation is required in order to establish whether the formation of adducts of LPO products with DNA might incite substantial immune responsivity and might be instrumental for the spreading of the immunological responses from aldehyde-modified DNA to native DNA and similarly modified, unmodified and/or structurally analogous self protein antigens, thus leading to autoimmunity

Creating and curating an archive: Bury St Edmunds and its Anglo-Saxon past

This contribution explores the mechanisms by which the Benedictine foundation of Bury St Edmunds sought to legitimise and preserve their spurious pre-Conquest privileges and holdings throughout the Middle Ages. The archive is extraordinary in terms of the large number of surviving registers and cartularies which contain copies of Anglo-Saxon charters, many of which are wholly or partly in Old English. The essay charts the changing use to which these ancient documents were put in response to threats to the foundation's continued enjoyment of its liberties. The focus throughout the essay is to demonstrate how pragmatic considerations at every stage affects the development of the archive and the ways in which these linguistically challenging texts were presented, re-presented, and represented during the Abbey’s history