Kinetics of Competing Reactions of N-aryl-4-chloro-1,8-naphthalimides with Primary Amines

Color poster with text, diagrams, tables, and graphs.This study presented the mechanistic implications of the kinetics of competing reactions of N-aryl-4-chloro-1,8-naphthalimides with primary amines.University of Wisconsin--Eau Claire Office of Research and Sponsored Programs; Petroleum Research Fund

MAKO: a pathfinder instrument for on-sky demonstration of low-cost 350 micron imaging arrays

Submillimeter cameras now have up to 10^4 pixels (SCUBA 2). The proposed CCAT 25-meter submillimeter telescope will feature a 1 degree field-of-view. Populating the focal plane at 350 microns would require more than 10^6 photon-noise limited pixels. To ultimately achieve this scaling, simple detectors and high-density multiplexing are essential. We are addressing this long-term challenge through the development of frequency-multiplexed superconducting microresonator detector arrays. These arrays use lumped-element, direct-absorption resonators patterned from titanium nitride films. We will discuss our progress toward constructing a scalable 350 micron pathfinder instrument focusing on fabrication simplicity, multiplexing density, and ultimately a low per-pixel cost

Room-temperature cycling of metal fluoride electrodes: Liquid electrolytes for high-energy fluoride ion cells

Fluoride ion batteries are potential “next-generation” electrochemical storage devices that offer high energy density. At present, such batteries are limited to operation at high temperatures because suitable fluoride ion–conducting electrolytes are known only in the solid state. We report a liquid fluoride ion–conducting electrolyte with high ionic conductivity, wide operating voltage, and robust chemical stability based on dry tetraalkylammonium fluoride salts in ether solvents. Pairing this liquid electrolyte with a copper–lanthanum trifluoride (Cu@LaF_3) core-shell cathode, we demonstrate reversible fluorination and defluorination reactions in a fluoride ion electrochemical cell cycled at room temperature. Fluoride ion–mediated electrochemistry offers a pathway toward developing capacities beyond that of lithium ion technology

The role of citizen science in addressing grand challenges in food and agriculture research

The power of citizen science to contribute to both science and society is gaining increased recognition, particularly in physics and biology. Although there is a long history of public engagement in agriculture and food science, the term ‘citizen science’ has rarely been applied to these efforts. Similarly, in the emerging field of citizen science, most new citizen science projects do not focus on food or agriculture. Here, we convened thought leaders from a broad range of fields related to citizen science, agriculture, and food science to highlight key opportunities for bridging these overlapping yet disconnected communities/fields and identify ways to leverage their respective strengths. Specifically, we show that (i) citizen science projects are addressing many grand challenges facing our food systems, as outlined by the United States National Institute of Food and Agriculture, as well as broader Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations Development Programme, (ii) there exist emerging opportunities and unique challenges for citizen science in agriculture/food research, and (iii) the greatest opportunities for the development of citizen science projects in agriculture and food science will be gained by using the existing infrastructure and tools of Extension programmes and through the engagement of urban communities. Further, we argue there is no better time to foster greater collaboration between these fields given the trend of shrinking Extension programmes, the increasing need to apply innovative solutions to address rising demands on agricultural systems, and the exponential growth of the field of citizen science.This working group was partially funded from the NCSU Plant Sciences Initiative, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences ‘Big Ideas’ grant, National Science Foundation grant to R.R.D. (NSF no. 1319293), and a United States Department of Food and Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant to S.F.R., USDA-NIFA Post Doctoral Fellowships grant no. 2017-67012-26999.http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.orghj2018Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI

The role of citizen science in addressing grand challenges in food and agriculture research

The power of citizen science to contribute to both science and society is gaining increased recognition, particularly in physics and biology. Although there is a long history of public engagement in agriculture and food science, the term ‘citizen science’ has rarely been applied to these efforts. Similarly, in the emerging field of citizen science, most new citizen science projects do not focus on food or agriculture. Here, we convened thought leaders from a broad range of fields related to citizen science, agriculture, and food science to highlight key opportunities for bridging these overlapping yet disconnected communities/fields and identify ways to leverage their respective strengths. Specifically, we show that (i) citizen science projects are addressing many grand challenges facing our food systems, as outlined by the United States National Institute of Food and Agriculture, as well as broader Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations Development Programme, (ii) there exist emerging opportunities and unique challenges for citizen science in agriculture/food research, and (iii) the greatest opportunities for the development of citizen science projects in agriculture and food science will be gained by using the existing infrastructure and tools of Extension programmes and through the engagement of urban communities. Further, we argue there is no better time to foster greater collaboration between these fields given the trend of shrinking Extension programmes, the increasing need to apply innovative solutions to address rising demands on agricultural systems, and the exponential growth of the field of citizen science.This working group was partially funded from the NCSU Plant Sciences Initiative, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences ‘Big Ideas’ grant, National Science Foundation grant to R.R.D. (NSF no. 1319293), and a United States Department of Food and Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant to S.F.R., USDA-NIFA Post Doctoral Fellowships grant no. 2017-67012-26999.http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.orghj2018Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI

Expanding the clinicopathological spectrum of succinate dehydrogenase-deficient renal cell carcinoma: 42 novel tumors in 38 patients

Background: Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma representing approximately 0.05-0.2% of all renal carcinomas (Am J Surg Pathol 2014; 38: 1588-602). As this is a relatively recently described tumor type, we sought to document additional cases seen across multiple institutions internationally. Design: Collaborators with a special interest in urogenital pathology were invited to contribute RCCs with compatible morphology including intracytoplasmic inclusions, flocculent eosinophilic cytoplasm, cystic change and entrapped benign tubules. Following centralized review and SDHB IHC, only cases with loss of expression of SDHB were included. Putative prognostic factors including ISUP nucleolar grade, presence of coagulative necrosis and mitoses per 10 high power fields (hpfs) were recorded. Results: The age range was 19 to 72 years, with a mean of 43.1 years, and a slight male predominance (male-to-female ratio 1.2:1). A relevant family history was identified in two patients only. Multifocal or bilateral tumors were identified in 4 patients. Tumors ranged in size from 10 to 200 mm in diameter (mean 81.2 mm). The morphologic growth patterns were in keeping with those previously described. Most tumors were of low ISUP nucleolar grade (Grade 1-2, 55%, Grade 3, 20%, and Grade, 4 25% [with focal pleomorphism only]), and had eosinophilic cytoplasm with the inclusion of at least focal cytoplasmic vacuoles or watery-appearing flocculent inclusions. Necrosis, which was often focal, was present in 26%. Loss of SDHA expression (implying SDHA mutation) was uncommon, being present in only 1 case. CK7 staining was only present focally in 1 case. Stage was pT1 in 36%, pT2 in 32% and pT3 or higher in 32%. One patient died of disease at 26 months after diagnosis. One patient was alive with lung metastases and another with retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Conclusions: We document the clinicopathological spectrum of a novel series of 42 SDH-deficient RCCs occurring in 38 patients, which is the largest cohort assembled to date. We confirm that the recognition of these tumors rests on the morphology and the immunohistochemistry for SDHA and SDHB. Identification of such tumors necessitates long-term patient follow-up and surveillance, as well as potential genetic counseling and investigation of family members

The role of feedback report characteristics and user professionalisation in using student monitoring systems for data-driven decision making

Various factors may influence the utilization and effects of feedback to teachers and schools on the progress of their students