The Third Way: Prevention and Compensation of Work Injury in Victoria, Australia

This study originated because the leadership of the VWA and the responsible Minister wanted an assessment of the performance of the Victorian scheme within a larger perspective. They commissioned the W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, an endowed, not-forprofit research foundation in the United States, to assemble an appropriate team of workers' compensation experts to conduct such a study. The assignment was to carry out a thorough, independent review of the Victorian system of prevention and compensation for work injuries and to provide a set of informed judgments about the system and its performance

Optically enhanced acoustophoresis

Regenerative medicine has the capability to revolutionise many aspects of medical care, but for it to make the step from small scale autologous treatments to larger scale allogeneic approaches, robust and scalable label free cell sorting technologies are needed as part of a cell therapy bioprocessing pipeline. In this proceedings we describe several strategies for addressing the requirements for high throughput without labeling via: dimensional scaling, rare species targeting and sorting from a stable state. These three approaches are demonstrated through a combination of optical and ultrasonic forces. By combining mostly conservative and non-conservative forces from two different modalities it is possible to reduce the influence of flow velocity on sorting efficiency, hence increasing robustness and scalability. One such approach can be termed "optically enhanced acoustophoresis" which combines the ability of acoustics to handle large volumes of analyte with the high specificity of optical sorting

Antibody Targeting of Cathepsin S Inhibits Angiogenesis and Synergistically Enhances Anti-VEGF

Angiogenesis is a key hallmark of tumourigenesis and its inhibition is a proven strategy for the development of novel anti-cancer therapeutics. An important aspect of early angiogenesis is the co-ordinated migration and invasion of endothelial cells through the hypoxic tumour tissue. Cathepsin S has been shown to play an important role in angiogenesis as has vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We sought to assess the anti-angiogenic effect of Fsn0503, a novel cathepsin S inhibitory antibody, when combined with anti-VEGF on vascular development. where it significantly retarded the development of vasculature in human xenograft models. Furthermore, when Fsn0503 was combined with an anti-VEGF antibody, a synergistic inhibition of microvascular development was observed.Taken together, this data demonstrates that the antibody-mediated targeting of cathepsin S represents a novel method of inhibiting angiogenesis. Furthermore, when used in combination with anti-VEGF therapies, Fsn0503 has the potential to significantly enhance current treatments of tumour neovascularisation and may also be of use in the treatment of other conditions associated with inappropriate angiogenesis

A study of the heat transfer processes and related flows of a synthetic jet impinging perpendicular to a heated surface

THESIS 9518To maintain the development of modern technology and its thermally intensive processes, versatile methods of enhancing localised heat transfer are continually required. This need has resulted in an on-going drive to achieve greater levels of heat dissipation through the implementation of active and passive cooling technologies. Many of these techniques aim to dissipate heat by either supplying the thermally saturated area with an ever increasing volume of cooler fluid or by using a form of turbulence enhancement to disrupt the thermal boundary layer. One of the most promising technologies of this type is the synthetic jet. It has been shown that this technology can provide significant levels of heat transfer enhancement without many of the penalties which hamper other methods of cooling such as scalability, complexity, power consumption and cost. While the synthetic jet\u27s ability to provide cooling has been documented to some degree, a more in-depth investigation into the turbulent mechanisms and their influence on heat transfer is required

HEAT TRANSFER BEHAVIOUR AND FLOW FIELD CHARACTERISATION OF IMPINGING SYNTHETIC JETS FOR A WIDE RANGE OF PARAMETERS

ABSTRACT Impinging synthetic jets are considered as a potential solution for convective cooling, in applications that match their main characteristics (high local heat transfer rates, zero net mass flux, scalability, active control). Nevertheless the understanding of heat transfer to synthetic jets falls short of that available for steady jets. To address this, this paper uses detailed flow field measurements to help identify the main heat transfer mechanisms in impinging synthetic jets. Local heat transfer measurements have been performed for an impinging round synthetic jet at a range of Reynolds numbers between 1000 and 3000, nozzle to plate spacings between 4D and 16D and stroke lengths (L 0 ) between 2D and 32D. The heat transfer results show evidence of distinct regimes in terms of L 0 /D and L 0 /H ratios. Based on appropriate scaling, four heat transfer regimes are identified which justifies a detailed study of the flow field characteristics. High speed particle image velocimetry (PIV) has been employed to measure the time-resolved velocity flow fields of the synthetic jet to identify the flow structures at selected L 0 /H values corresponding to the identified heat transfer regimes. The flow measurements support the same regimes as identified from the heat transfer measurements and provide physical insight for the heat transfer behaviour

Flow regime characterisation of an impinging axisymmetric synthetic jet

Impinging synthetic jets have excellent potential for energy-efficient local cooling in confined geometries. For a given geometry, synthetic jet flows are mainly characterised by the Reynolds number and the ratio of stroke length to a geometric length scale. The flow field of an impinging synthetic jet and the corresponding surface heat transfer distribution are strongly dependent on the dimensionless stroke length, yet few studies have investigated the flow field dependence for a wide range of stroke lengths. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify the various flow regimes as a function of stroke length. The experimental approach combines high speed particle image velocimetry and single point hot wire anemometry, and investigates an axisymmetric synthetic air jet impinging onto a smooth planar surface for a wide range of stroke length (3 < L0/D < 32) and nozzle-to-surface spacing (2 < H/D < 16). Since the Reynolds number effect is better understood, most of the presented results are for a single Reynolds number (Re = 1500). Four free synthetic jet flow morphology regimes are identified based on threshold values for the stroke length L0/D, which are in good agreement with previously published findings for an impulsively started jet flow. Furthermore, four impinging synthetic jet flow regimes are identified based on threshold values for the ratio of normalised stroke length to nozzle-to-surface spacing (L0 ? 2D)/H, which are in good agreement with previously published thresholds for stagnation point heat transfer regimes